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How to tell Liberty cap from Deadly webcap

Deadly webcap is deadly poisonous

Liberty cap and Deadly webcap look alike, so they're easy to mix up — but Liberty cap is poisonous, while Deadly webcap is deadly poisonous. The main visible difference: ring (veil): Liberty cap — no ring, Deadly webcap — cobweb-like. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: flesh colour change, cap surface, smell. If you have even the slightest doubt, leave the mushroom be.

Not sure? Identify by photo

Side by side

Liberty capDeadly webcap
Comparison of characteristics: Liberty cap and Deadly webcap
Edibility classLiberty cap: PoisonousDeadly webcap: Deadly poisonous
SeasonLiberty cap: AutumnDeadly webcap: Summer, Autumn
SizeLiberty cap: Very small (<3 cm)Deadly webcap: Medium (5–15 cm)
Cap colourLiberty cap: Brown, Yellow, OliveDeadly webcap: Orange, Rusty, Brown
Cap shapeLiberty cap: ConicalDeadly webcap: Conical, Convex, Umbonate
Cap surfaceLiberty cap: SmoothDeadly webcap: Fibrous, Dry
SmellLiberty cap: Floury, OdourlessDeadly webcap: Radish-like
Flesh colour changeLiberty cap: BluingDeadly webcap: No change
StemLiberty cap: CentralDeadly webcap: Central, Solid
Ring (veil)Liberty cap: No ringDeadly webcap: Cobweb-like
SubstrateLiberty cap: SoilDeadly webcap: Soil, Moss
Nutrition typeLiberty cap: SaprotrophDeadly webcap: Mycorrhizal
Partner treesLiberty cap: —Deadly webcap: Spruce, Pine, Fir
Growth habitLiberty cap: In groupsDeadly webcap: Solitary, In groups

Same in both: use, taste, hymenophore.

When and where they meet

Together: August–November

Their seasons overlap: August–November. At that time you can find both in the same woods. Our cards list no shared habitats.

Liberty cap

Fruiting season

August – November

Deadly webcap

Fruiting season

July – November

What they look like

Cap, Hymenophore, Stem, Flesh, Smell

Cap

Liberty cap

The cap is small, 1-2.5 cm across, sharply conical or bell-shaped with a pronounced pointed knob in the centre, which gives it the epithet semilanceata ("half-lance-shaped"). The cap skin is smooth, slimy in wet weather, dry with lengthwise grooves in dry weather. The colour is ochre-cream; olive-brown with a greenish tint when wet, pale cream when dry. The pointed central knob is the most characteristic diagnostic feature.

Deadly webcap

The cap is 3 to 8 cm across. It starts conical or bell-shaped, then becomes convex and flattened, but keeps a bump in the middle. The bump is often pointed but can be blunt, so it isn't a reliable feature.

The colour is tawny orange, fox brown or reddish brown. The surface is dry, finely felty and fibrous, sometimes finely scaly towards the margin.

Hymenophore

Liberty cap

The gills are attached to the stem and moderately crowded. In young mushrooms they're greyish-cream, darkening to purplish-blackish as the spores mature. The spore print is dark purple-black, a diagnostic feature of the genus Psilocybe.

Deadly webcap

The gills are true, thin and broad, fairly widely spaced and attached to the stem. In young specimens they're ochre to cinnamon-orange and hidden by a cobweb-like veil stretching from the cap edge to the stem. As the spores ripen, the gills turn rusty brown.

The spore print is rusty brown. Those true gills are what separate it from chanterelles, which have only thick, forked ridges underneath.

Stem

Liberty cap

The stem is 5-10 cm tall and 0.15-0.3 cm thick, so very long and thin, often curved. The colour is yellow-cream to light brown, and the surface is smooth with fine lengthwise fibres. There is no ring, and this is essential. It often turns blue when damaged, a characteristic psilocybin reaction and one of the diagnostic tests.

Deadly webcap

The stem is 5 to 12 cm tall and 0.5 to 1.5 cm thick, cylindrical, slightly thickened or tapering at the base. It's the same colour as the cap or paler, with a fibrous surface.

The key feature is yellow to golden bands or a zigzag pattern left by the veil, clearest on young specimens. On old ones they can almost disappear.

Flesh

Liberty cap

The flesh is very thin, soft, yellowish to greenish. It quickly turns blue to blue-green when cut or damaged, a characteristic reaction of psilocybin alkaloids on contact with air. The smell is faint, mealy in some populations.

Deadly webcap

The flesh is yellowish to orange-yellow, rusty brown at the stem base, and doesn't change colour when cut.

Smell

Liberty cap

Faint, neutral or mealy, nothing distinctive. The smell is not a warning sign.

Deadly webcap

The smell is faint and slightly radish-like. It won't help you identify it. Never taste it, not even a small piece: the toxin works in small amounts.

Related comparisons

Sources · 35

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