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How to tell Stumpy milkcap from Fenugreek milk cap

Fenugreek milk cap is poisonous

Stumpy milkcap and Fenugreek milk cap look alike, so they're easy to mix up — but Stumpy milkcap is conditionally edible, while Fenugreek milk cap is poisonous. The main visible difference: smell: Stumpy milkcap — fruity, Fenugreek milk cap — pleasant. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: size. If you have even the slightest doubt, leave the mushroom be.

Not sure? Identify by photo

Side by side

Stumpy milkcapFenugreek milk cap
Comparison of characteristics: Stumpy milkcap and Fenugreek milk cap
Edibility classStumpy milkcap: Conditionally edibleFenugreek milk cap: Poisonous
UseStumpy milkcap: Salting, PicklingFenugreek milk cap: Not eaten
SizeStumpy milkcap: Medium (5–15 cm)Fenugreek milk cap: Large (over 15 cm)
Cap colourStumpy milkcap: Grey, Violet, Pink, BrownFenugreek milk cap: Brown, Cream, Orange
Cap shapeStumpy milkcap: Convex, Depressed, Funnel-shaped, IrregularFenugreek milk cap: Depressed
Cap surfaceStumpy milkcap: Smooth, DryFenugreek milk cap: Smooth
TasteStumpy milkcap: Acrid, BitterFenugreek milk cap: Bitter
SmellStumpy milkcap: FruityFenugreek milk cap: Pleasant
StemStumpy milkcap: Central, Solid, HollowFenugreek milk cap: Central
Partner treesStumpy milkcap: Birch, Spruce, Pine, AspenFenugreek milk cap: Pine, Birch, Spruce
Growth habitStumpy milkcap: In groups, SolitaryFenugreek milk cap: In groups

Same in both: season, flesh colour change, hymenophore, substrate, nutrition type.

When and where they meet

Together: August–October

Their seasons overlap: August–October. At that time you can find both in the same woods. Shared habitats: conifer forest, mixed forest.

Stumpy milkcap

Fruiting season

July – October

Fenugreek milk cap

Fruiting season

August – October

What they look like

Cap, Hymenophore, Stem, Flesh, Smell

Cap

Stumpy milkcap

The cap is 5–10 cm across, occasionally up to 15 cm. Young caps are convex with an inrolled margin, then flatten, sink in the centre and become funnel-shaped, sometimes with a small central bump. The margin is wavy, lobed and looks bent.

The colour is grey, leaden grey, lilac-grey, pinkish grey or brownish grey, turning ochre or beige in old specimens. Concentric zones are faint or absent, though darker rings sometimes show towards the margin. The surface is smooth, dry and matt, occasionally finely cracked. In the rain it gets slightly sticky, but it's never slimy.

Fenugreek milk cap

The cap is 6–15 (up to 20) cm across, which makes this a big milk cap. Convex at first, it flattens out with a sunken centre, often with a small umbo when mature. The colour is beige-brown, flesh-ochre or brownish grey, fading with age. The surface is dry, finely granular or mealy, with no distinct concentric zones.

Hymenophore

Stumpy milkcap

The gills are widely spaced for a milkcap, thick and brittle, attached or running slightly down the stem, often wavy and sometimes forked near the stem. They start cream or pale yellow and turn ochre with age.

Drops of white milk often bead along the gill edges. The spore print is cream to yellowish.

Fenugreek milk cap

The gills are crowded, narrow, adnate or slightly decurrent, pale cream to cream-ochre and darkening with age. When damaged they exude a small amount of watery, clear-white or whey-like milk — a distinctive feature of this species: the milk is neither thick nor abundant.

Stem

Stumpy milkcap

The stem is short and stout: 3–8 cm tall and 1–3 cm thick. It's cylindrical or tapers downwards, solid at first and hollow later, sometimes with lengthwise grooves.

It's the same colour as the cap or paler: whitish cream to lilac-grey, sometimes with ochre spots at the base. There is no ring and no volva.

Fenugreek milk cap

The stem is 5–10 cm tall and 1–2.5 cm thick, cylindrical or slightly tapering toward the base, and hollow in mature mushrooms. It’s the same colour as the cap or slightly paler: beige, flesh-coloured. The surface is dry and finely fibrous, with no ring and no volva.

Flesh

Stumpy milkcap

The flesh is white to cream, firm, thick in the cap, and doesn't change colour when cut. The milk is white, plentiful and stays white in the air. Both flesh and milk taste very hot and slightly bitter.

Fenugreek milk cap

The flesh is pale cream and watery, thin for such a large mushroom, and turns brittle as it dries. The milk is watery, whey-like and scanty, and does not change colour in the air. Cut flesh doesn’t noticeably darken.

Smell

Stumpy milkcap

The smell is faint, fruity and slightly sour. It lacks the strong lovage smell of the fenugreek milkcap and the coconut smell of the coconut milkcap.

Fenugreek milk cap

A very strong, distinctive smell of dry hay, chicory, burnt sugar or even maple syrup, especially pronounced as it dries. This is its most characteristic feature. Here’s the paradox: the smell is appealing, but it is a warning sign, not a sign of “edibility”. Raw, the flesh tastes bitterish with a faintly acrid aftertaste.

Related comparisons

Sources · 15

  • [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
  • [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
  • [3]MycoBank Database
  • [4]Index Fungorum
  • [5]GBIF
  • [6]iNaturalist Ukraine
  • [7]Wikipedia (English)
  • [8]Википедия (ru): Серушка
  • [9]Wikigrib: Серушка
  • [10]Wikipedia (de): Verbogener Milchling
  • [11]Wikipedia (fi): Nurmirousku
  • [12]Wikipedia (pl): Mleczaj wygięty
  • [13]Wikipedia (be): Шаруха
  • [14]BioImages: Lactarius flexuosus (Stumpy Milkcap)
  • [15]University of Helsinki, Pinkka: Kauppasienet ja myrkkysienet