Collared earthstar or Arched earthstar
How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison
The short answer
Collared earthstar and Arched earthstar are similar species that can be mixed up while foraging. The main visible difference: cap color: Collared earthstar — cream, brown, grey, Arched earthstar — brown, dark brown, grey. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: partner trees.

Collared earthstar
Geastrum triplex

Arched earthstar
Geastrum fornicatum
📊 Comparing characteristics
| Characteristic | Collared earthstar | Arched earthstar |
|---|---|---|
| Edibility class | Collared earthstar Inedible | Arched earthstar Inedible |
| Season | Collared earthstar SummerAutumn | Arched earthstar SummerAutumn |
| Use | Collared earthstar Not eaten | Arched earthstar Not eaten |
| Size | Collared earthstar Medium (5–15 cm) | Arched earthstar Medium (5–15 cm) |
| Cap color | Collared earthstar CreamBrownGrey | Arched earthstar BrownDark brownGrey |
| Cap shape | Collared earthstar Irregular | Arched earthstar Irregular |
| Cap surface | Collared earthstar Smooth | Arched earthstar Smooth |
| Taste | Collared earthstar Unknown | Arched earthstar Unknown |
| Smell | Collared earthstar Odorless | Arched earthstar Odorless |
| Flesh color change | Collared earthstar Darkens | Arched earthstar Darkens |
| Hymenophore | Collared earthstar Chambered | Arched earthstar Chambered |
| Stem | Collared earthstar Absent | Arched earthstar Absent |
| Ring (veil) | Collared earthstar No ring | Arched earthstar No ring |
| Volva | Collared earthstar No volva | Arched earthstar No volva |
| Substrate | Collared earthstar Forest litterSoil | Arched earthstar Forest litterSoil |
| Nutrition type | Collared earthstar Saprotroph | Arched earthstar Saprotroph |
| Partner trees | Collared earthstar OakBeechHornbeamHazel | Arched earthstar OakBeechHornbeam |
📅 Seasonality
Collared earthstar
Fruiting season
August – November
Arched earthstar
Fruiting season
August – November
🔬 Morphology
Cap
Collared earthstar
A young mushroom is a round or egg-shaped fruiting body 2-5 cm across, firm, creamy white or ocher-cream, sunk in the litter. When mature, the outer skin splits from the top into 4-8 petal-like rays and folds back, forming a star 5-12 cm across. The rays are fleshy, spread out in damp weather and curling inward in dry weather. In the center is a round spore sac 1-3 cm across, smooth, grayish brown or chocolate gray, with a small round pore on top for releasing spores.
Arched earthstar
The mature fruiting body has a distinctive shape "mushroom on stilts": the spore sac is raised 5-10 cm above the ground on the arched rays of the outer skin. The outer skin splits into 4 (rarely 5) large rays, which then bend downward and press into the ground, lifting the inner part up. The rays are leathery, dark brown or grayish brown, spread out in damp weather and tucked under in dry weather. Total height of the opened mushroom is 5-15 cm, width at the base 4-8 cm.
Hymenophore
Collared earthstar
The hymenophore is enclosed inside the spore sac (a gasteromycete). At first the flesh is white, soft. With age it turns grayish brown and becomes a powdery mass of spores. When mature, the spores escape through an apical pore — in the rain, drops hit the sac and puff out a cloud of spores.
Arched earthstar
The hymenophore is enclosed inside the spore sac (a gasteromycete). In a young mushroom the flesh is white, soft. With age it turns grayish brown and becomes a chocolate-brown powdery mass of spores. The spores escape through a small apical pore — as in all earthstars.
Stem
Collared earthstar
There is no stem in the usual sense. In the "star" part, the fleshy middle layer forms a distinctive collar or cup around the base of the spore sac. This collar is the diagnostic feature of G. triplex that sets it apart from other earthstars.
Arched earthstar
The spore sac has a distinct short "stalk" (pseudostem) about 1 cm tall, sitting on top of the arched rays. The sac itself is round or egg-shaped, 1-3 cm across, smooth, dark gray to chocolate brown.
Flesh
Collared earthstar
In a young fruiting body it is white, soft, with a layered structure. With age it shrinks, darkens and turns into a powdery mass of spores. It doesn't change color quickly when cut.
Arched earthstar
In a young, still-closed fruiting body the flesh is white, soft, with a layered structure. With age it darkens to grayish brown and turns into a powdery mass of spores. It doesn't change color quickly when cut.
Smell
Collared earthstar
Faint, earthy, neutral. Not pronounced. The taste isn't tested — the mushroom is not edible.
Arched earthstar
Faintly earthy, neutral. Not pronounced. The taste isn't tested — the mushroom is not edible.
📍 Habitats
Collared earthstar
Arched earthstar
👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!
❓ Frequently asked questions
Can Collared earthstar and Arched earthstar be mixed up?
How to tell Collared earthstar from Arched earthstar?
Is Arched earthstar edible?
When do Collared earthstar and Arched earthstar grow?
Sources
- [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
- [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
- [3]MycoBank Database
- [4]Index Fungorum
- [5]GBIF
- [6]iNaturalist Ukraine