How to tell Glistening inkcap from Liberty cap
Glistening inkcap and Liberty cap look alike, so they're easy to mix up — but Glistening inkcap is conditionally edible, while Liberty cap is poisonous. The main visible difference: flesh colour change: Glistening inkcap — no change, Liberty cap — bluing. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: substrate, cap surface, size. If you have even the slightest doubt, leave the mushroom be.
Not sure? Identify by photoSide by side
| Characteristic | Glistening inkcap | Liberty cap |
|---|---|---|
| Edibility class | Glistening inkcap: Conditionally edible | Liberty cap: Poisonous |
| Season | Glistening inkcap: Spring, Summer, Autumn | Liberty cap: Autumn |
| Use | Glistening inkcap: Cook fresh | Liberty cap: Not eaten |
| Size | Glistening inkcap: Small (up to 5 cm) | Liberty cap: Very small (<3 cm) |
| Cap colour | Glistening inkcap: Brown, Yellow, Rusty | Liberty cap: Brown, Yellow, Olive |
| Cap shape | Glistening inkcap: Conical, Convex | Liberty cap: Conical |
| Cap surface | Glistening inkcap: Fibrous, Scaly | Liberty cap: Smooth |
| Taste | Glistening inkcap: Mild | Liberty cap: Unknown |
| Smell | Glistening inkcap: Odourless | Liberty cap: Floury, Odourless |
| Flesh colour change | Glistening inkcap: No change | Liberty cap: Bluing |
| Stem | Glistening inkcap: Central, Hollow | Liberty cap: Central |
| Substrate | Glistening inkcap: Dead wood, On wood | Liberty cap: Soil |
| Partner trees | Glistening inkcap: Poplar, Willow, Maple, Linden, Oak | Liberty cap: — |
| Growth habit | Glistening inkcap: In clusters from one base | Liberty cap: In groups |
Same in both: hymenophore, nutrition type.
POISONOUS
Eating it causes poisoning. Do not pick it unless you have identified it with certainty.
If you suspect poisoning, call your local emergency number (112 in the EU, 999 in the UK) immediately
When and where they meet
Together: August–November
What they look like
Cap, Hymenophore, Stem, Flesh, Smell
Cap
Glistening inkcap
Young caps are egg-shaped, 1 to 2.5 cm, then bell-shaped and convex, 2 to 4 cm across, occasionally 5 cm; with age the margin splits and turns up. The colour is honey brown, ochre or russet, darker in the centre and paler at the edge, greying with age. The surface is grooved almost to the centre.
Young caps are covered in tiny white, glittering grains like sugar or mica. Rain and dew wash them off, so older caps are bare.
Liberty cap
The cap is small, 1-2.5 cm across, sharply conical or bell-shaped with a pronounced pointed knob in the centre, which gives it the epithet semilanceata ("half-lance-shaped"). The cap skin is smooth, slimy in wet weather, dry with lengthwise grooves in dry weather. The colour is ochre-cream; olive-brown with a greenish tint when wet, pale cream when dry. The pointed central knob is the most characteristic diagnostic feature.
Hymenophore
Glistening inkcap
The gills are crowded, attached or free, white at first, then grey-brown, purplish brown and black. With age they blacken and partly dissolve, though less completely than in the common inkcap.
The spore print is black-brown to black.
Liberty cap
The gills are attached to the stem and moderately crowded. In young mushrooms they're greyish-cream, darkening to purplish-blackish as the spores mature. The spore print is dark purple-black, a diagnostic feature of the genus Psilocybe.
Stem
Glistening inkcap
The stem is 3 to 8 cm tall, occasionally 10 cm, and 2 to 5 mm thick, white, silky, hollow and brittle, ochre or brownish at the base. Young stems show a fine down under a hand lens. There's no ring.
Liberty cap
The stem is 5-10 cm tall and 0.15-0.3 cm thick, so very long and thin, often curved. The colour is yellow-cream to light brown, and the surface is smooth with fine lengthwise fibres. There is no ring, and this is essential. It often turns blue when damaged, a characteristic psilocybin reaction and one of the diagnostic tests.
Flesh
Glistening inkcap
The flesh is very thin, brittle and whitish.
Liberty cap
The flesh is very thin, soft, yellowish to greenish. It quickly turns blue to blue-green when cut or damaged, a characteristic reaction of psilocybin alkaloids on contact with air. The smell is faint, mealy in some populations.
Smell
Glistening inkcap
The smell isn't distinctive.
Liberty cap
Faint, neutral or mealy, nothing distinctive. The smell is not a warning sign.
Related comparisons
Sources · 30
- [1]Index Fungorum
- [2]GBIF
- [3]Wikipedia (English)
- [4]Вікіпедія (українська)
- [5]Википедия (русская)
- [6]First Nature: Coprinellus micaceus, Glistening Inkcap
- [7]Kuo M., MushroomExpert: Coprinellus micaceus
- [8]Wikipedia (de): Gemeiner Glimmertintling
- [9]DGfM: Liste der Giftpilze nach Taxa (Stand 01.05.2026)
- [10]First Nature: Psathyrella piluliformis, Common Stump Brittlestem
- [11]First Nature: Coprinellus disseminatus, Fairy Inkcap
- [12]Prydiuk M.P. Ukrainian Botanical Journal, 2014, 71(4): 496–501 (Coprinellus saccharinus, C. truncorum in Ukraine), Prydiuk M.P. (2014)
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- [18]Psilocybe semilanceata (Fr.) P. Kumm. - Magic Mushroom or Liberty Cap, Pat O'Reilly
- [19]Psilocybe semilanceata, Wikipedia
- [20]Liberty Cap (Psilocybe semilanceata), Wild Food UK
- [21]Pholiotina rugosa, Wikipedia
- [22]Galerina, Wikipedia
- [23]Panaeolina foenisecii, Wikipedia
- [24]Wikipedia (en): Inocybe geophylla
- [25]Cortinarius rubellus, Wikipedia contributors
- [26]Poisoning, NHS
- [27]Legal status of psilocybin mushrooms
- [28]Psilocybe semilanceata
- [29]Conocybe rugosa
- [30]Franz M. et al. 1996, Nephrol Dial Transplant 11(11):2324–27, Franz M. et al. (1996)