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How to tell Glistening inkcap from Liberty cap

Liberty cap is poisonous

Glistening inkcap and Liberty cap look alike, so they're easy to mix up — but Glistening inkcap is conditionally edible, while Liberty cap is poisonous. The main visible difference: flesh colour change: Glistening inkcap — no change, Liberty cap — bluing. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: substrate, cap surface, size. If you have even the slightest doubt, leave the mushroom be.

Not sure? Identify by photo

Side by side

Glistening inkcapLiberty cap
Comparison of characteristics: Glistening inkcap and Liberty cap
Edibility classGlistening inkcap: Conditionally edibleLiberty cap: Poisonous
SeasonGlistening inkcap: Spring, Summer, AutumnLiberty cap: Autumn
UseGlistening inkcap: Cook freshLiberty cap: Not eaten
SizeGlistening inkcap: Small (up to 5 cm)Liberty cap: Very small (<3 cm)
Cap colourGlistening inkcap: Brown, Yellow, RustyLiberty cap: Brown, Yellow, Olive
Cap shapeGlistening inkcap: Conical, ConvexLiberty cap: Conical
Cap surfaceGlistening inkcap: Fibrous, ScalyLiberty cap: Smooth
TasteGlistening inkcap: MildLiberty cap: Unknown
SmellGlistening inkcap: OdourlessLiberty cap: Floury, Odourless
Flesh colour changeGlistening inkcap: No changeLiberty cap: Bluing
StemGlistening inkcap: Central, HollowLiberty cap: Central
SubstrateGlistening inkcap: Dead wood, On woodLiberty cap: Soil
Partner treesGlistening inkcap: Poplar, Willow, Maple, Linden, OakLiberty cap: —
Growth habitGlistening inkcap: In clusters from one baseLiberty cap: In groups

Same in both: hymenophore, nutrition type.

When and where they meet

Together: August–November

Their seasons overlap: August–November. At that time you can find both in the same woods. Our cards list no shared habitats.

Glistening inkcap

Fruiting season

April – December

Liberty cap

Fruiting season

August – November

What they look like

Cap, Hymenophore, Stem, Flesh, Smell

Cap

Glistening inkcap

Young caps are egg-shaped, 1 to 2.5 cm, then bell-shaped and convex, 2 to 4 cm across, occasionally 5 cm; with age the margin splits and turns up. The colour is honey brown, ochre or russet, darker in the centre and paler at the edge, greying with age. The surface is grooved almost to the centre.

Young caps are covered in tiny white, glittering grains like sugar or mica. Rain and dew wash them off, so older caps are bare.

Liberty cap

The cap is small, 1-2.5 cm across, sharply conical or bell-shaped with a pronounced pointed knob in the centre, which gives it the epithet semilanceata ("half-lance-shaped"). The cap skin is smooth, slimy in wet weather, dry with lengthwise grooves in dry weather. The colour is ochre-cream; olive-brown with a greenish tint when wet, pale cream when dry. The pointed central knob is the most characteristic diagnostic feature.

Hymenophore

Glistening inkcap

The gills are crowded, attached or free, white at first, then grey-brown, purplish brown and black. With age they blacken and partly dissolve, though less completely than in the common inkcap.

The spore print is black-brown to black.

Liberty cap

The gills are attached to the stem and moderately crowded. In young mushrooms they're greyish-cream, darkening to purplish-blackish as the spores mature. The spore print is dark purple-black, a diagnostic feature of the genus Psilocybe.

Stem

Glistening inkcap

The stem is 3 to 8 cm tall, occasionally 10 cm, and 2 to 5 mm thick, white, silky, hollow and brittle, ochre or brownish at the base. Young stems show a fine down under a hand lens. There's no ring.

Liberty cap

The stem is 5-10 cm tall and 0.15-0.3 cm thick, so very long and thin, often curved. The colour is yellow-cream to light brown, and the surface is smooth with fine lengthwise fibres. There is no ring, and this is essential. It often turns blue when damaged, a characteristic psilocybin reaction and one of the diagnostic tests.

Flesh

Glistening inkcap

The flesh is very thin, brittle and whitish.

Liberty cap

The flesh is very thin, soft, yellowish to greenish. It quickly turns blue to blue-green when cut or damaged, a characteristic reaction of psilocybin alkaloids on contact with air. The smell is faint, mealy in some populations.

Smell

Glistening inkcap

The smell isn't distinctive.

Liberty cap

Faint, neutral or mealy, nothing distinctive. The smell is not a warning sign.

Related comparisons

Sources · 30

  • [1]Index Fungorum
  • [2]GBIF
  • [3]Wikipedia (English)
  • [4]Вікіпедія (українська)
  • [5]Википедия (русская)
  • [6]First Nature: Coprinellus micaceus, Glistening Inkcap
  • [7]Kuo M., MushroomExpert: Coprinellus micaceus
  • [8]Wikipedia (de): Gemeiner Glimmertintling
  • [9]DGfM: Liste der Giftpilze nach Taxa (Stand 01.05.2026)
  • [10]First Nature: Psathyrella piluliformis, Common Stump Brittlestem
  • [11]First Nature: Coprinellus disseminatus, Fairy Inkcap
  • [12]Prydiuk M.P. Ukrainian Botanical Journal, 2014, 71(4): 496–501 (Coprinellus saccharinus, C. truncorum in Ukraine), Prydiuk M.P. (2014)
  • [13]GBIF: знахідки Coprinellus micaceus в Україні
  • [14]Wikigrib: Навозник мерцающий
  • [15]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
  • [16]MycoBank Database
  • [17]iNaturalist Ukraine
  • [18]Psilocybe semilanceata (Fr.) P. Kumm. - Magic Mushroom or Liberty Cap, Pat O'Reilly
  • [19]Psilocybe semilanceata, Wikipedia
  • [20]Liberty Cap (Psilocybe semilanceata), Wild Food UK
  • [21]Pholiotina rugosa, Wikipedia
  • [22]Galerina, Wikipedia
  • [23]Panaeolina foenisecii, Wikipedia
  • [24]Wikipedia (en): Inocybe geophylla
  • [25]Cortinarius rubellus, Wikipedia contributors
  • [26]Poisoning, NHS
  • [27]Legal status of psilocybin mushrooms
  • [28]Psilocybe semilanceata
  • [29]Conocybe rugosa
  • [30]Franz M. et al. 1996, Nephrol Dial Transplant 11(11):2324–27, Franz M. et al. (1996)