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Common ink cap or Grey shag

How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison

The short answer

Common ink cap and Grey shag are similar species that can be mixed up while foraging. The main visible difference: use: Common ink cap — cook fresh, Grey shag — not eaten. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: size, cap color, cap shape.

Common ink cap (Coprinopsis atramentaria)

Common ink cap

Coprinopsis atramentaria

Conditionally edibleExpert-verified
Grey shag (Coprinopsis cinerea)

Grey shag

Coprinopsis cinerea

Conditionally edibleNot reviewed by an editor

📊 Comparing characteristics

Comparison of characteristics: Common ink cap and Grey shag
Edibility class

Common ink cap

Conditionally edible

Grey shag

Conditionally edible
Season

Common ink cap

SpringSummerAutumn

Grey shag

SpringSummerAutumn
Use

Common ink cap

Cook fresh

Grey shag

Not eaten
Size

Common ink cap

Medium (5–15 cm)

Grey shag

Small (up to 5 cm)
Cap color

Common ink cap

GreyBrown

Grey shag

GreyBlackWhite
Cap shape

Common ink cap

Conical

Grey shag

ConicalUmbonate
Cap surface

Common ink cap

Fibrous

Grey shag

ScalyFibrous
Taste

Common ink cap

Mild

Grey shag

Mild
Smell

Common ink cap

Pleasant

Grey shag

Odorless
Flesh color change

Common ink cap

Darkens

Grey shag

No change
Hymenophore

Common ink cap

Gilled

Grey shag

Gilled
Stem

Common ink cap

Central

Grey shag

Central
Ring (veil)

Common ink cap

No ring

Grey shag

No ring
Volva

Common ink cap

No volva

Grey shag

No volva
Substrate

Common ink cap

Soil

Grey shag

DungForest litter
Nutrition type

Common ink cap

Saprotroph

Grey shag

Saprotroph

📅 Seasonality

Common ink cap

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

May – November

Grey shag

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

April – October

🔬 Morphology

Cap

Common ink cap

The cap is at first egg-shaped or bell-shaped, 4-8 cm tall and 3-7 cm wide. It opens up with age. Color gray, gray-brown, sometimes with an olive tinge, darker in the center. The surface has distinctive radial ribs and grooves and small scales in the center. In old specimens it blackens and dissolves.

Grey shag

The cap of the grey shag is small — from 1 to 5 centimeters tall, at first egg-shaped-oval or bell-shaped; with age it opens out and dissolves into inky liquid at the margin. The surface is gray, ash-gray, often covered with small whitish scales or a mealy coating — remnants of the veil. When young the cap is paler; as it matures it grays and blackens from the edges. The whole cap is thin and pleated-striate.

Hymenophore

Common ink cap

Gilled hymenophore. Gills very crowded, thin, free. Color: young ones are white, then turning gray, pinkish, then black and autodigesting. Spore print black.

Grey shag

The hymenophore is gilled. The gills are free and very crowded, whitish at first, then quickly blacken and dissolve together with the cap margin into inky liquid (autolysis). The spore print is black. Rapid self-digestion of the gills into ink is a characteristic feature of all ink caps.

Stem

Common ink cap

Stem 8-15 cm tall, 0.5-1.5 cm thick, cylindrical, white, smooth, hollow inside. There is no distinct ring — there may be a thin ring-like thickening near the base. Surface smooth or with barely noticeable down.

Grey shag

The stem is thin, hollow, white or whitish gray, up to 10 centimeters tall, smooth, often with a slightly thickened base. There is usually no ring, or only a trace of the veil remains. There is no volva. The stem is fragile and thin, typical of small ink caps.

Flesh

Common ink cap

The flesh in the cap is thin, white to grayish. In old specimens it quickly blackens and autodigests. When a young one is cut, the color barely changes.

Grey shag

The flesh is extremely thin, grayish or whitish, with no particular taste. Because of rapid autolysis it does not last long: within a few hours of maturity the fruiting body dissolves. That is why only very young, unopened specimens are fit to eat, and even those have almost no culinary value.

Smell

Common ink cap

Faint, pleasant mushroomy smell. Mild taste with nothing special about it.

Grey shag

The smell is faint and nondescript, mushroomy or slightly musty. The scent is not a defining feature; the mushroom is recognized by its gray, pleated cap that dissolves into ink, its black gills and its growth on dung, compost and fertilized soil.

📍 Habitats

Common ink cap

Mixed forestDeciduous forest

Grey shag

MeadowField

👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!

❓ Frequently asked questions

Can Common ink cap and Grey shag be mixed up?
Yes, they look so similar that people often mix them up. The use, size, cap color help tell them apart.
How to tell Common ink cap from Grey shag?
The main differences: use: Common ink cap — cook fresh, Grey shag — not eaten; size: Common ink cap — medium (5–15 cm), Grey shag — small (up to 5 cm); cap color: Common ink cap — grey, brown, Grey shag — grey, black, white. The full table of characteristics is higher up on this page.
Is Grey shag edible?
Grey shag — conditionally edible.
When do Common ink cap and Grey shag grow?
Common ink cap — May–November; Grey shag — April–October.

Sources

  • [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
  • [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
  • [3]MycoBank Database
  • [4]Index Fungorum
  • [5]GBIF
  • [6]iNaturalist Ukraine