How to tell Weeping widow from Deadly fibrecap
Weeping widow and Deadly fibrecap look alike, so they're easy to mix up — but Weeping widow is inedible, while Deadly fibrecap is deadly poisonous. The main visible difference: ring (veil): Weeping widow — cobweb-like, ring remnants, Deadly fibrecap — no ring. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: flesh colour change, cap colour, smell. If you have even the slightest doubt, leave the mushroom be.
Not sure? Identify by photoSide by side
| Characteristic | Weeping widow | Deadly fibrecap |
|---|---|---|
| Edibility class | Weeping widow: Inedible | Deadly fibrecap: Deadly poisonous |
| Season | Weeping widow: Summer, Autumn | Deadly fibrecap: Spring, Summer |
| Cap colour | Weeping widow: Brown, Orange, Rusty | Deadly fibrecap: White, Cream, Red, Pink |
| Cap shape | Weeping widow: Convex, Umbonate | Deadly fibrecap: Convex |
| Cap surface | Weeping widow: Fibrous, Scaly, Dry | Deadly fibrecap: Fibrous |
| Taste | Weeping widow: — | Deadly fibrecap: Mild |
| Smell | Weeping widow: Odourless | Deadly fibrecap: Fruity, Pleasant |
| Flesh colour change | Weeping widow: No change | Deadly fibrecap: Reddening |
| Stem | Weeping widow: Central, Hollow | Deadly fibrecap: Central |
| Ring (veil) | Weeping widow: Cobweb-like, Ring remnants | Deadly fibrecap: No ring |
| Nutrition type | Weeping widow: Saprotroph | Deadly fibrecap: Mycorrhizal |
| Partner trees | Weeping widow: — | Deadly fibrecap: Oak, Beech, Hornbeam, Hazel |
| Growth habit | Weeping widow: Solitary, In groups, In clusters from one base | Deadly fibrecap: In groups |
Same in both: use, size, hymenophore, substrate.
DEADLY POISONOUS
Eating it can cause death. Do not pick it and do not taste it.
Toxin: muscarine, in an exceptionally high concentration, many times more than in the fly agaric. Symptoms start fast, 15-60 minutes after eating. It's a severe form of the classic muscarine syndrome: heavy salivation (by the litre), profuse sweating (clothes soaked through), tearing, runny nose, constricted pupils (miosis), bronchospasm with a feeling of suffocation, bradycardia (slow heartbeat) down to 30-40 bpm, a drop in blood pressure, nausea, vomiting, intestinal cramps, diarrhoea. Severe cases bring collapse, pulmonary oedema and cardiac arrest. Fatal cases have been documented among healthy adults. The antidote is atropine (intravenously in hospital, with ECG and blood pressure monitoring). If you suspect poisoning, call 112 or your local emergency number immediately. Keep any leftover mushrooms and vomit. The sooner the antidote is given, the better the outlook. Without help within 2-4 hours there is a real risk of death.
If you suspect poisoning, call your local emergency number (112 in the EU, 999 in the UK) immediately
When and where they meet
Together: June–October
What they look like
Cap, Hymenophore, Stem, Flesh, Smell
Cap
Weeping widow
The cap is 3 to 10 cm across, occasionally 12 cm. It starts bell-shaped or hemispherical with an inrolled margin, then becomes convex to almost flat, usually with a low, broad bump.
The surface is dry and densely fibrous, woolly or finely scaly, with fibres radiating from the centre. It's tawny, ochre or yellow-brown, darker in the centre. A pale, ragged fringe of veil hangs from the edge and wears off with age.
Deadly fibrecap
The cap is 3-10 cm across, hemispherical to convex when young, with a broad central umbo, and opens out with age. The surface is silky and shiny, with fine radial fibres and flattened scales. It starts out whitish, cream or ivory, and with age and handling it slowly turns red: pinkish at first, then brick-carmine or cinnamon-red. The reddening shows most along the margin and wherever the mushroom is damaged. This is the key identification feature.
Hymenophore
Weeping widow
The gills are attached and crowded, pale yellow-brown at first, then dark brown, mottled and almost black, with white edges. In damp weather droplets form along the edges, turn black with spores and leave dark spots. On young caps a cobweb-like veil covers the gills.
The spore print is black or blackish brown.
Deadly fibrecap
The gills are fairly crowded and notched where they meet the stem. They're whitish-pinkish when young, turning olive-brown to brick-brown with age. The spore print is olive-brown or tobacco-coloured, typical of the whole genus Inocybe.
Stem
Weeping widow
The stem is 5 to 12 cm tall and 0.5 to 1.5 cm thick, whitish at the top and browner below, fibrous or scaly, hollow and brittle.
There's no true ring: near the top the veil leaves a fibrous ring zone that turns black with spores, like a pen line round the stem.
Deadly fibrecap
The stem is 3-10 cm tall and 0.5-1.5 cm thick, cylindrical or slightly widening toward the base. It's whitish to cream, with a pink or reddish-brick tinge (especially lower down). Like the cap, it turns red with age and handling. The surface has lengthwise fibres, and there's no ring. The flesh of the stem is firm.
Flesh
Weeping widow
The flesh is thin, whitish to watery brown, browner at the stem base, and doesn't change colour when cut.
Deadly fibrecap
The flesh is thick and white; when cut, it slowly turns red (not right away: sometimes only after 30 minutes or more), especially in the lower part of the stem. This is an important way to tell it from most Agaricus mushrooms, whose flesh either doesn't change colour or turns yellow (though some wood mushrooms, such as Agaricus silvaticus, also redden, so check the gills and spore print too). The fresh flesh smells and tastes pleasant, fruity and sweetish, and that's exactly what makes it so treacherous.
Smell
Weeping widow
The smell is indistinct.
Deadly fibrecap
Sweet and fruity, with notes of ripe pears or apples. That's unusual for the genus Inocybe, which usually smells spermatic or musty. An appealing aroma, plus a reddening white cap, plus the very season when edible white mushrooms are being picked: the perfect trap for a beginner forager. Never rely on smell to identify this species.
Related comparisons
Sources · 19
- [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
- [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
- [3]MycoBank Database
- [4]Index Fungorum
- [5]GBIF
- [6]iNaturalist Ukraine
- [7]Species Fungorum
- [8]Wikipedia (English)
- [9]Википедия (русская)
- [10]First Nature: Lacrymaria lacrymabunda, Weeping Widow
- [11]First Nature: Hebeloma crustuliniforme, Poisonpie
- [12]Kuo M., MushroomExpert: Lacrymaria velutina
- [13]Wild Food UK: Weeping Widow
- [14]The Foraging Course Company: Foraging guide, Weeping Widow
- [15]Mushroom Appreciation: Weeping Widow Mushroom
- [16]Watling R. Studies in the genera Lacrymaria and Panaeolus. Notes from the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 1979, 37(2), Watling R. (1979)
- [17]Wikipedia (de): Tränender Saumpilz
- [18]Шульга В. М. Світ грибів України: Лакримарія бархатиста
- [19]GBIF: знахідки Lacrymaria lacrymabunda в Україні