How to tell Leucoagaricus nympharum from Stinking dapperling
Leucoagaricus nympharum and Stinking dapperling look alike, so they're easy to mix up — but Leucoagaricus nympharum is edible, while Stinking dapperling is poisonous. The main visible difference: stem: Leucoagaricus nympharum — bulbous, Stinking dapperling — central, hollow. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: smell. If you have even the slightest doubt, leave the mushroom be.
Not sure? Identify by photoSide by side
| Characteristic | Leucoagaricus nympharum | Stinking dapperling |
|---|---|---|
| Edibility class | Leucoagaricus nympharum: Edible | Stinking dapperling: Poisonous |
| Size | Leucoagaricus nympharum: Small (up to 5 cm) | Stinking dapperling: Very small (<3 cm), Small (up to 5 cm) |
| Cap colour | Leucoagaricus nympharum: White, Brown | Stinking dapperling: White, Cream, Rusty, Brown |
| Cap shape | Leucoagaricus nympharum: Convex | Stinking dapperling: Conical, Convex, Flat, Umbonate |
| Cap surface | Leucoagaricus nympharum: Scaly | Stinking dapperling: Scaly, Dry |
| Smell | Leucoagaricus nympharum: Radish-like | Stinking dapperling: Unpleasant, Chemical |
| Stem | Leucoagaricus nympharum: Bulbous | Stinking dapperling: Central, Hollow |
| Ring (veil) | Leucoagaricus nympharum: Ring present | Stinking dapperling: Ring present, Ring remnants |
| Substrate | Leucoagaricus nympharum: Soil | Stinking dapperling: Soil, Forest litter, Leaf litter, Conifer needle litter |
Same in both: season, use, taste, flesh colour change, hymenophore, nutrition type, growth habit.
POISONOUS
Eating it causes poisoning. Do not pick it unless you have identified it with certainty.
If you suspect poisoning, call your local emergency number (112 in the EU, 999 in the UK) immediately
When and where they meet
Together: July–November
Their seasons overlap: July–November. At that time you can find both in the same woods. Shared habitats: conifer forest, mixed forest, meadow.
What they look like
Cap, Hymenophore, Stem, Flesh, Smell
Cap
Leucoagaricus nympharum
Cap 4–10 cm, egg-shaped at first, opening out flat with age, with a low, barely raised, pale brownish umbo in the centre. It's white, covered in fibrous white scales: the typical "parasol" texture.
Stinking dapperling
The cap is 1.5–5 cm across, occasionally up to 6. Young caps are bell-shaped or bluntly conical, then convex, later flattening, often with a low central bump. The surface is dry, not sticky.
The background is white or cream. The tawny, orange-brown or reddish-brown skin breaks up into small scales as the cap expands. They lie in concentric rings and thin out towards the edge. The centre stays a solid, smooth dark patch, and this 'eye' on a pale cap is usually the first thing you notice. The margin is sometimes finely lined.
Hymenophore
Leucoagaricus nympharum
Gills crowded and free (not attached to the stem). White at first, taking on a faint pinkish tint with age; they darken when pressed. Spore print white.
Stinking dapperling
The gills are free, meaning they don't reach the stem, crowded, with short gills in between. They are white or cream and darken only slightly with age.
The spore print is white to creamy. Pink or chocolate gills mean it isn't a dapperling but, for example, an Agaricus mushroom. Even so, a white print doesn't make a small parasol edible.
Stem
Leucoagaricus nympharum
Stem 5–12 cm tall, 0.5–1 cm thick, slender and cylindrical, with a bulbous base. White, with a broad, movable milky-white ring.
Stinking dapperling
The stem is 2–7 cm tall and only 2–5 mm thick, even or slightly thicker towards the base, smooth, silky, hollow and fragile. It's whitish or cream, pinkish or brownish towards the base, with white mycelial fluff at the very bottom.
The ring on the upper stem is white, thin, membranous and very fragile. Older specimens often have none at all, so a missing ring doesn't rule out a dapperling. There is no volva or sac at the base.
Flesh
Leucoagaricus nympharum
Flesh white, thin, tender. When cut, especially in the stem, it may slowly turn slightly pinkish.
Stinking dapperling
The flesh is thin and white and doesn't change colour when broken. Field guides describe the taste as mild or unremarkable.
Smell
Leucoagaricus nympharum
A faint radish smell. Mild taste, without distinct notes.
Stinking dapperling
The smell is strong and unpleasant: sharp, like rubber, coal gas or chemicals, which is how it earned the name 'stinking'. Some people pick up something fruity or sweetish in it. The smell helps identify the species, but it doesn't make the mushroom any safer.
Related comparisons
Sources · 23
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- [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
- [3]MycoBank Database
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- [5]GBIF
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- [14]DGfM: Liste der Giftpilze nach Taxa (Stand 01.05.2026)
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- [16]Department of Health, Hong Kong: suspected food poisoning caused by wild mushrooms (22.07.2004)
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- [19]First Nature: Lepiota brunneoincarnata
- [20]First Nature: Macrolepiota procera, Parasol
- [21]First Nature: Chlorophyllum rhacodes, Shaggy Parasol
- [22]GBIF: Lepiota cristata, знахідки в Україні
- [23]iNaturalist: Lepiota cristata, спостереження в Україні