Meadow waxcap or False chanterelle
Meadow waxcap and False chanterelle are similar species: Meadow waxcap is edible, while False chanterelle is inedible. The main visible difference: cap surface: Meadow waxcap — dry, smooth, False chanterelle — velvety. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: cap shape, size.
Not sure? Identify by photoSide by side
| Characteristic | Meadow waxcap | False chanterelle |
|---|---|---|
| Edibility class | Meadow waxcap: Edible | False chanterelle: Conditionally edible |
| Season | Meadow waxcap: Autumn, Winter | False chanterelle: Summer, Autumn |
| Size | Meadow waxcap: Medium (5–15 cm) | False chanterelle: Small (up to 5 cm) |
| Cap colour | Meadow waxcap: Orange, Cream, Brown | False chanterelle: Orange, Yellow, Red |
| Cap shape | Meadow waxcap: Convex, Flat, Umbonate | False chanterelle: Funnel-shaped |
| Cap surface | Meadow waxcap: Dry, Smooth | False chanterelle: Velvety |
| Stem | Meadow waxcap: Central, Solid, Hollow | False chanterelle: Central |
| Substrate | Meadow waxcap: Soil | False chanterelle: Soil, Forest litter, Dead wood |
| Nutrition type | Meadow waxcap: — | False chanterelle: Saprotroph |
| Partner trees | Meadow waxcap: — | False chanterelle: Pine, Spruce |
| Growth habit | Meadow waxcap: Solitary, In groups, In rings | False chanterelle: In groups |
Same in both: use, taste, smell, flesh colour change, hymenophore.
When and where they meet
Together: August–November
What they look like
Cap, Hymenophore, Stem, Flesh, Smell
Cap
Meadow waxcap
The cap is 2 to 8 cm across, up to 10 to 12 cm in large specimens. It starts convex, then flattens, often with a broad bump or a slightly sunken centre, and has a thin margin. The surface is dry and matt, smooth or with faint flattened fibres, slightly slippery in wet weather, and may crack with age.
The colour is pale salmon, apricot, orange-buff or brownish orange, fading to pale buff with age. A rare form is entirely white.
False chanterelle
The cap is 3-8 cm across, convex with an inrolled margin when young, becoming funnel-shaped with a thin wavy margin. It's bright orange, brick-toned, more intense in young mushrooms (orange to orange-red) and paler in old ones, fading to yellow-ochre. The surface is velvety, suede-like, with barely visible fine scales, especially at the centre. In wet weather it's slightly matte, not sticky.
Hymenophore
Meadow waxcap
The gills are thick, broad, widely spaced, waxy to the touch and clearly decurrent, often running more than a centimetre down the stem. Many shorter gills sit between them, and older caps develop cross-veins. They start whitish or cream and later take on the cap colour.
The spore print is white. These thick, distant, decurrent gills are the best way to tell it from its lookalikes.
False chanterelle
It has true, crowded gills, not the gill-like ridges of the real chanterelle. They're thin and decurrent, forking again and again but without the cross-veins of the real chanterelle, and orange-yellow, matching the cap. The spore print is white to pale yellow. The key feature that sets it apart from the real chanterelle: if you see distinct thin gills, it's the false chanterelle.
Stem
Meadow waxcap
The stem is 3 to 8 cm tall and 0.5 to 1.5 cm thick, sturdy, solid and later hollow, tapering towards the base. It's white or cream, tinged with the cap colour at the top, and always paler than the cap. There's no ring or volva.
False chanterelle
The stem is 2-6 cm tall and 0.5-1.2 cm thick, cylindrical, often curved and slightly thickened toward the base. It's orange-yellow like the cap, smooth, with no ring. The stem flesh is soft and thin, not as dense and springy as the real chanterelle's.
Flesh
Meadow waxcap
The flesh is thick in the cap, whitish, pale orange or pinkish buff, and doesn't change colour when cut.
False chanterelle
The flesh is thin, watery, yellowish-cream and brittle, and doesn't change colour when cut. There's no distinct smell. Older ones taste slightly sour.
Smell
Meadow waxcap
The smell and taste aren't distinctive. There's no mealy smell, unlike the oak woodwax.
False chanterelle
Faint, neutral and mushroomy, without the characteristic fruity apricot aroma of the real chanterelle. It's a supporting clue, not the main one: the real chanterelle's apricot scent is faint, so check the gills first.
Related comparisons
Sources · 18
- [1]Index Fungorum
- [2]GBIF
- [3]Wikipedia (English)
- [4]Вікіпедія (українська)
- [5]First Nature: Cuphophyllus pratensis, Meadow Waxcap
- [6]First Nature: Hygrophorus nemoreus, Oak Woodwax
- [7]Kuo M., MushroomExpert: Cuphophyllus pratensis
- [8]Plantlife: UK Waxcap ID guide, 2024
- [9]Galloway Wild Foods: Waxcap fungi
- [10]Wikipedia (en): Waxcap grassland
- [11]Wikipedia (de): Orangefarbener Wiesen-Ellerling
- [12]Wikigrib: Гигрофор луговой
- [13]Chvikov V., Prylutskyi O. Annotated checklist of Hygrophoraceae (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) of Ukraine. Biodiversity, Ecology and Experimental Biology, 2020, 22(2): 6–23, Chvikov V., Prylutskyi O. (2020)
- [14]Halbwachs H. et al. Isotopic evidence of biotrophy and unusual nitrogen nutrition in soil-dwelling Hygrophoraceae. Environmental Microbiology, 2018, Halbwachs H. et al. (2018)
- [15]GBIF: знахідки Cuphophyllus pratensis в Україні
- [16]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
- [17]MycoBank Database
- [18]iNaturalist Ukraine