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Oak milkcap or Mild milk cap

All about Oak milkcap
All about Mild milk cap

Oak milkcap and Mild milk cap are similar species that can be mixed up while foraging. The main visible difference: smell: Oak milkcap — unpleasant, chemical, Mild milk cap — pleasant. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: cap shape, size.

Not sure? Identify by photo

Side by side

Oak milkcapMild milk cap
Comparison of characteristics: Oak milkcap and Mild milk cap
Edibility classOak milkcap: Conditionally edibleMild milk cap: Edible
UseOak milkcap: SaltingMild milk cap: Cook fresh
SizeOak milkcap: Medium (5–15 cm)Mild milk cap: Small (up to 5 cm)
Cap colourOak milkcap: Brown, Rusty, ChestnutMild milk cap: Red, Brown, Orange
Cap shapeOak milkcap: Convex, Depressed, FlatMild milk cap: Umbonate
Cap surfaceOak milkcap: Dry, SmoothMild milk cap: Smooth
TasteOak milkcap: —Mild milk cap: Sweet
SmellOak milkcap: Unpleasant, ChemicalMild milk cap: Pleasant
StemOak milkcap: Central, HollowMild milk cap: Central
SubstrateOak milkcap: Soil, Leaf litterMild milk cap: Soil, Forest litter
Partner treesOak milkcap: OakMild milk cap: Beech, Oak, Hornbeam
Growth habitOak milkcap: In groups, SolitaryMild milk cap: In groups

Same in both: season, flesh colour change, hymenophore, nutrition type.

When and where they meet

Together: July–November

Their seasons overlap: July–November. At that time you can find both in the same woods. Shared habitats: deciduous forest, mixed forest.

Oak milkcap

Fruiting season

June – November

Mild milk cap

Fruiting season

July – November

What they look like

Cap, Hymenophore, Stem, Flesh, Smell

Cap

Oak milkcap

The cap is 3 to 10 cm across, usually 4 to 8 cm, convex with an inrolled margin at first, then flattened with a shallow central dip and finally shallowly funnel-shaped; a central bump is rare.

It's a dull reddish brown, cinnamon or yellow-brown, darker in the centre, with faint darker concentric zones or rings of spots. The surface is matt and dry, though it can look a little shiny in wet weather.

Mild milk cap

The cap is 2–5 (rarely up to 7) cm across, convex at first with a small bump in the centre, then flattening and finally depressed in the middle. It often has a noticeable umbo, which sets it apart from other small milk caps. The colour is reddish-brown or flesh-brick, fading with age. The surface is dry, smooth, matte and without zones.

Hymenophore

Oak milkcap

The gills run slightly down the stem and are crowded and narrow, cream or pinkish buff at first, later reddish brown, often with rusty spots. Broken gills release plentiful white to creamy-white milk that doesn't turn bright yellow.

The spore print is cream with a slight salmon-pink tinge.

Mild milk cap

The gills are crowded and narrow, adnate or slightly decurrent, pale cream to flesh-pink, darkening with age. When damaged, they release watery white milk. The spore print is cream.

Stem

Oak milkcap

The stem is 3 to 7 cm tall and 0.5 to 1.5 cm thick, the colour of the cap and darker reddish brown towards the base, cylindrical, often furrowed lengthways, solid at first and later hollow. There's no ring.

Mild milk cap

The stem is 3–6 cm tall and 0.4–0.8 cm thick, slender, cylindrical or slightly tapering toward the base, and hollow in mature mushrooms. It's the same colour as the cap or a little lighter, smooth, with no ring and no volva.

Flesh

Oak milkcap

The flesh is firm, brittle and whitish, reddish brown in the stem base, and browns with age.

Mild milk cap

The flesh is thin, tender and brittle, reddish-brown, and doesn't change colour when cut. The milk is whitish, clear and watery, sparse, and doesn't change colour or turn yellow in the air.

Smell

Oak milkcap

An oily smell, often said to be like bugs, strongest in old or drying caps. The taste is mild to slightly bitter, not hot.

Mild milk cap

The smell is faint and mushroomy, in some specimens pleasant, with a slight fruity note. The raw flesh and milk taste mild, faintly sweetish, with no burning and no bitterness (mature specimens sometimes have a faintly bitterish aftertaste). This is the most characteristic feature of the species.

Related comparisons

Sources · 19

  • [1]Index Fungorum
  • [2]GBIF
  • [3]Wikipedia (English)
  • [4]Википедия (русская)
  • [5]First Nature: Lactarius quietus, Oakbug Milkcap
  • [6]First Nature: Lactarius chrysorrheus, Yellowdrop Milkcap
  • [7]First Nature: Lactarius subdulcis, Mild Milkcap
  • [8]First Nature: Lactarius serifluus, Watery Milkcap
  • [9]Mushroom Diary (J C Harris): Oakbug Milkcap, Lactarius quietus
  • [10]Forager's Calendar (John Wright): Oak milkcap
  • [11]NatureSpot: Oakbug Milkcap
  • [12]Wikipedia (de): Eichen-Milchling
  • [13]Шульга В. М. Світ грибів України: Lactarius quietus
  • [14]Wikigrib: Млечник дубовый
  • [15]GBIF: знахідки Lactarius quietus в Україні
  • [16]Вікіпедія (українська)
  • [17]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
  • [18]MycoBank Database
  • [19]iNaturalist Ukraine