Oak milkcap or Mild milk cap
Oak milkcap and Mild milk cap are similar species that can be mixed up while foraging. The main visible difference: smell: Oak milkcap — unpleasant, chemical, Mild milk cap — pleasant. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: cap shape, size.
Not sure? Identify by photoSide by side
| Characteristic | Oak milkcap | Mild milk cap |
|---|---|---|
| Edibility class | Oak milkcap: Conditionally edible | Mild milk cap: Edible |
| Use | Oak milkcap: Salting | Mild milk cap: Cook fresh |
| Size | Oak milkcap: Medium (5–15 cm) | Mild milk cap: Small (up to 5 cm) |
| Cap colour | Oak milkcap: Brown, Rusty, Chestnut | Mild milk cap: Red, Brown, Orange |
| Cap shape | Oak milkcap: Convex, Depressed, Flat | Mild milk cap: Umbonate |
| Cap surface | Oak milkcap: Dry, Smooth | Mild milk cap: Smooth |
| Taste | Oak milkcap: — | Mild milk cap: Sweet |
| Smell | Oak milkcap: Unpleasant, Chemical | Mild milk cap: Pleasant |
| Stem | Oak milkcap: Central, Hollow | Mild milk cap: Central |
| Substrate | Oak milkcap: Soil, Leaf litter | Mild milk cap: Soil, Forest litter |
| Partner trees | Oak milkcap: Oak | Mild milk cap: Beech, Oak, Hornbeam |
| Growth habit | Oak milkcap: In groups, Solitary | Mild milk cap: In groups |
Same in both: season, flesh colour change, hymenophore, nutrition type.
When and where they meet
Together: July–November
What they look like
Cap, Hymenophore, Stem, Flesh, Smell
Cap
Oak milkcap
The cap is 3 to 10 cm across, usually 4 to 8 cm, convex with an inrolled margin at first, then flattened with a shallow central dip and finally shallowly funnel-shaped; a central bump is rare.
It's a dull reddish brown, cinnamon or yellow-brown, darker in the centre, with faint darker concentric zones or rings of spots. The surface is matt and dry, though it can look a little shiny in wet weather.
Mild milk cap
The cap is 2–5 (rarely up to 7) cm across, convex at first with a small bump in the centre, then flattening and finally depressed in the middle. It often has a noticeable umbo, which sets it apart from other small milk caps. The colour is reddish-brown or flesh-brick, fading with age. The surface is dry, smooth, matte and without zones.
Hymenophore
Oak milkcap
The gills run slightly down the stem and are crowded and narrow, cream or pinkish buff at first, later reddish brown, often with rusty spots. Broken gills release plentiful white to creamy-white milk that doesn't turn bright yellow.
The spore print is cream with a slight salmon-pink tinge.
Mild milk cap
The gills are crowded and narrow, adnate or slightly decurrent, pale cream to flesh-pink, darkening with age. When damaged, they release watery white milk. The spore print is cream.
Stem
Oak milkcap
The stem is 3 to 7 cm tall and 0.5 to 1.5 cm thick, the colour of the cap and darker reddish brown towards the base, cylindrical, often furrowed lengthways, solid at first and later hollow. There's no ring.
Mild milk cap
The stem is 3–6 cm tall and 0.4–0.8 cm thick, slender, cylindrical or slightly tapering toward the base, and hollow in mature mushrooms. It's the same colour as the cap or a little lighter, smooth, with no ring and no volva.
Flesh
Oak milkcap
The flesh is firm, brittle and whitish, reddish brown in the stem base, and browns with age.
Mild milk cap
The flesh is thin, tender and brittle, reddish-brown, and doesn't change colour when cut. The milk is whitish, clear and watery, sparse, and doesn't change colour or turn yellow in the air.
Smell
Oak milkcap
An oily smell, often said to be like bugs, strongest in old or drying caps. The taste is mild to slightly bitter, not hot.
Mild milk cap
The smell is faint and mushroomy, in some specimens pleasant, with a slight fruity note. The raw flesh and milk taste mild, faintly sweetish, with no burning and no bitterness (mature specimens sometimes have a faintly bitterish aftertaste). This is the most characteristic feature of the species.
Related comparisons
Sources · 19
- [1]Index Fungorum
- [2]GBIF
- [3]Wikipedia (English)
- [4]Википедия (русская)
- [5]First Nature: Lactarius quietus, Oakbug Milkcap
- [6]First Nature: Lactarius chrysorrheus, Yellowdrop Milkcap
- [7]First Nature: Lactarius subdulcis, Mild Milkcap
- [8]First Nature: Lactarius serifluus, Watery Milkcap
- [9]Mushroom Diary (J C Harris): Oakbug Milkcap, Lactarius quietus
- [10]Forager's Calendar (John Wright): Oak milkcap
- [11]NatureSpot: Oakbug Milkcap
- [12]Wikipedia (de): Eichen-Milchling
- [13]Шульга В. М. Світ грибів України: Lactarius quietus
- [14]Wikigrib: Млечник дубовый
- [15]GBIF: знахідки Lactarius quietus в Україні
- [16]Вікіпедія (українська)
- [17]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
- [18]MycoBank Database
- [19]iNaturalist Ukraine