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Orange peel fungus or Scarlet elf cup

How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison

The short answer

Orange peel fungus and Scarlet elf cup are similar species: Orange peel fungus is conditionally edible, while Scarlet elf cup is inedible. The main visible difference: season: Orange peel fungus — summer, autumn, winter, Scarlet elf cup — spring, winter. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: use, cap color, stem.

Orange peel fungus (Aleuria aurantia)

Orange peel fungus

Aleuria aurantia

Conditionally edibleExpert-verified
Scarlet elf cup (Sarcoscypha coccinea)

Scarlet elf cup

Sarcoscypha coccinea

InedibleExpert-verified

📊 Comparing characteristics

Comparison of characteristics: Orange peel fungus and Scarlet elf cup
Edibility class

Orange peel fungus

Conditionally edible

Scarlet elf cup

Inedible
Season

Orange peel fungus

SummerAutumnWinter

Scarlet elf cup

SpringWinter
Use

Orange peel fungus

Cook fresh

Scarlet elf cup

Not eaten
Size

Orange peel fungus

Small (up to 5 cm)

Scarlet elf cup

Small (up to 5 cm)
Cap color

Orange peel fungus

Orange

Scarlet elf cup

RedOrangePink
Cap shape

Orange peel fungus

Depressed

Scarlet elf cup

Depressed
Cap surface

Orange peel fungus

Smooth

Scarlet elf cup

Smooth
Taste

Orange peel fungus

Mild

Scarlet elf cup

Mild
Smell

Orange peel fungus

Odorless

Scarlet elf cup

Odorless
Flesh color change

Orange peel fungus

No change

Scarlet elf cup

No change
Hymenophore

Orange peel fungus

Smooth

Scarlet elf cup

Smooth
Stem

Orange peel fungus

Absent

Scarlet elf cup

Lateral
Ring (veil)

Orange peel fungus

No ring

Scarlet elf cup

No ring
Volva

Orange peel fungus

No volva

Scarlet elf cup

No volva
Substrate

Orange peel fungus

SoilForest litter

Scarlet elf cup

Dead woodForest litter
Nutrition type

Orange peel fungus

Saprotroph

Scarlet elf cup

Saprotroph
Partner trees

Orange peel fungus

—

Scarlet elf cup

BeechHornbeamHazel

📅 Seasonality

Orange peel fungus

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

August – December

Scarlet elf cup

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

February – May

🔬 Morphology

Cap

Orange peel fungus

The fruiting body is cup-shaped, irregular, 2–10 cm across (sometimes up to 12). When young it is closed and globular; as it grows it opens, first into a deep cup, then becomes saucer-shaped, and in old age it crumples and curls at the edges. The inner surface is bright orange, smooth and shiny. The outer surface is paler, pale yellowish-orange, finely granular.

Scarlet elf cup

The fruiting body is shaped like a cup or a deep bowl 1.5-6 cm across and 1-3 cm tall. The inner (upper) surface is bright cinnabar red, smooth and glossy. The outer (lower) surface is lighter, pinkish-cream to whitish, with a fine white velvety down. The cup's rim is even, slightly wavy in mature specimens.

Hymenophore

Orange peel fungus

The spore-bearing layer lines the inner, concave surface of the cup. Cup fungi have no gills or tubes — spores form in asci directly on the surface. Spore print white.

Scarlet elf cup

The spore-bearing layer sits on the inner surface of the cup, red and smooth. Unlike gilled mushrooms, there are no gills or tubes here — it's a typical discomycete with an open, disc-like hymenium. When ripe, the spores are released in a "puff" at a sudden jolt — a striking sight you can see by blowing on the cup on a sunny day.

Stem

Orange peel fungus

There is no stem, or it is very short, a small bump at the base of the cup. The fruiting body sits directly or almost directly on the soil.

Scarlet elf cup

The stem is short, 1-3 cm tall, 0.3-0.5 cm thick, lateral or central, often barely visible under the leaf litter. Its color is whitish to pink. The mushroom often looks like a "cup sitting right on the twig".

Flesh

Orange peel fungus

The flesh is thin, waxy-brittle, orange or paler than the outer surface. Very fragile — it falls apart at the slightest pressure.

Scarlet elf cup

Flesh thin, gelatinous, springy and crisp, reddish (like the cup), doesn't change color when damaged. Fresh, it's soft, and feels like a thin sheet of rubber. When it dries it becomes brittle and dark red.

Smell

Orange peel fungus

The smell is faint, neutral or slightly sweetish, with no distinct notes. The taste is mild, bland, not bitter.

Scarlet elf cup

The smell is faint, mushroomy, slightly earthy, with no distinctive notes. The taste of the flesh is mild and neutral, with no acridity or bitterness.

📍 Habitats

Orange peel fungus

Deciduous forestMixed forestConifer forest

Scarlet elf cup

Deciduous forestMixed forest

👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!

❓ Frequently asked questions

Can Orange peel fungus and Scarlet elf cup be mixed up?
Yes, they look so similar that people often mix them up. The season, use, cap color help tell them apart.
How to tell Orange peel fungus from Scarlet elf cup?
The main differences: season: Orange peel fungus — summer, autumn, winter, Scarlet elf cup — spring, winter; use: Orange peel fungus — cook fresh, Scarlet elf cup — not eaten; cap color: Orange peel fungus — orange, Scarlet elf cup — red, orange, pink. As for edibility: Orange peel fungus is conditionally edible, Scarlet elf cup is inedible. The full table of characteristics is higher up on this page.
Is Scarlet elf cup edible?
Scarlet elf cup — inedible.
When do Orange peel fungus and Scarlet elf cup grow?
Orange peel fungus — August–December; Scarlet elf cup — February–May.

Sources

  • [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
  • [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
  • [3]MycoBank Database
  • [4]Index Fungorum
  • [5]GBIF
  • [6]iNaturalist Ukraine