Orange peel fungus or Scarlet elf cup
How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison
The short answer
Orange peel fungus and Scarlet elf cup are similar species: Orange peel fungus is conditionally edible, while Scarlet elf cup is inedible. The main visible difference: season: Orange peel fungus — summer, autumn, winter, Scarlet elf cup — spring, winter. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: use, cap color, stem.

Orange peel fungus
Aleuria aurantia

Scarlet elf cup
Sarcoscypha coccinea
📊 Comparing characteristics
| Characteristic | Orange peel fungus | Scarlet elf cup |
|---|---|---|
| Edibility class | Orange peel fungus Conditionally edible | Scarlet elf cup Inedible |
| Season | Orange peel fungus SummerAutumnWinter | Scarlet elf cup SpringWinter |
| Use | Orange peel fungus Cook fresh | Scarlet elf cup Not eaten |
| Size | Orange peel fungus Small (up to 5 cm) | Scarlet elf cup Small (up to 5 cm) |
| Cap color | Orange peel fungus Orange | Scarlet elf cup RedOrangePink |
| Cap shape | Orange peel fungus Depressed | Scarlet elf cup Depressed |
| Cap surface | Orange peel fungus Smooth | Scarlet elf cup Smooth |
| Taste | Orange peel fungus Mild | Scarlet elf cup Mild |
| Smell | Orange peel fungus Odorless | Scarlet elf cup Odorless |
| Flesh color change | Orange peel fungus No change | Scarlet elf cup No change |
| Hymenophore | Orange peel fungus Smooth | Scarlet elf cup Smooth |
| Stem | Orange peel fungus Absent | Scarlet elf cup Lateral |
| Ring (veil) | Orange peel fungus No ring | Scarlet elf cup No ring |
| Volva | Orange peel fungus No volva | Scarlet elf cup No volva |
| Substrate | Orange peel fungus SoilForest litter | Scarlet elf cup Dead woodForest litter |
| Nutrition type | Orange peel fungus Saprotroph | Scarlet elf cup Saprotroph |
| Partner trees | Orange peel fungus — | Scarlet elf cup BeechHornbeamHazel |
📅 Seasonality
Orange peel fungus
Fruiting season
August – December
Scarlet elf cup
Fruiting season
February – May
🔬 Morphology
Cap
Orange peel fungus
The fruiting body is cup-shaped, irregular, 2–10 cm across (sometimes up to 12). When young it is closed and globular; as it grows it opens, first into a deep cup, then becomes saucer-shaped, and in old age it crumples and curls at the edges. The inner surface is bright orange, smooth and shiny. The outer surface is paler, pale yellowish-orange, finely granular.
Scarlet elf cup
The fruiting body is shaped like a cup or a deep bowl 1.5-6 cm across and 1-3 cm tall. The inner (upper) surface is bright cinnabar red, smooth and glossy. The outer (lower) surface is lighter, pinkish-cream to whitish, with a fine white velvety down. The cup's rim is even, slightly wavy in mature specimens.
Hymenophore
Orange peel fungus
The spore-bearing layer lines the inner, concave surface of the cup. Cup fungi have no gills or tubes — spores form in asci directly on the surface. Spore print white.
Scarlet elf cup
The spore-bearing layer sits on the inner surface of the cup, red and smooth. Unlike gilled mushrooms, there are no gills or tubes here — it's a typical discomycete with an open, disc-like hymenium. When ripe, the spores are released in a "puff" at a sudden jolt — a striking sight you can see by blowing on the cup on a sunny day.
Stem
Orange peel fungus
There is no stem, or it is very short, a small bump at the base of the cup. The fruiting body sits directly or almost directly on the soil.
Scarlet elf cup
The stem is short, 1-3 cm tall, 0.3-0.5 cm thick, lateral or central, often barely visible under the leaf litter. Its color is whitish to pink. The mushroom often looks like a "cup sitting right on the twig".
Flesh
Orange peel fungus
The flesh is thin, waxy-brittle, orange or paler than the outer surface. Very fragile — it falls apart at the slightest pressure.
Scarlet elf cup
Flesh thin, gelatinous, springy and crisp, reddish (like the cup), doesn't change color when damaged. Fresh, it's soft, and feels like a thin sheet of rubber. When it dries it becomes brittle and dark red.
Smell
Orange peel fungus
The smell is faint, neutral or slightly sweetish, with no distinct notes. The taste is mild, bland, not bitter.
Scarlet elf cup
The smell is faint, mushroomy, slightly earthy, with no distinctive notes. The taste of the flesh is mild and neutral, with no acridity or bitterness.
📍 Habitats
Orange peel fungus
Scarlet elf cup
👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!
❓ Frequently asked questions
Can Orange peel fungus and Scarlet elf cup be mixed up?
How to tell Orange peel fungus from Scarlet elf cup?
Is Scarlet elf cup edible?
When do Orange peel fungus and Scarlet elf cup grow?
Sources
- [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
- [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
- [3]MycoBank Database
- [4]Index Fungorum
- [5]GBIF
- [6]iNaturalist Ukraine