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Bulbous honey fungus or Ringless honey fungus

How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison

The short answer

Bulbous honey fungus and Ringless honey fungus are similar species that can be mixed up while foraging. The main visible difference: cap surface: Bulbous honey fungus — scaly, fibrous, Ringless honey fungus — scaly. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: ring (veil), partner trees.

Bulbous honey fungus (Armillaria gallica)

Bulbous honey fungus

Armillaria gallica

Conditionally edibleNot reviewed by an editor
Ringless honey fungus (Desarmillaria tabescens)

Ringless honey fungus

Desarmillaria tabescens

Conditionally edibleNot reviewed by an editor

📊 Comparing characteristics

Comparison of characteristics: Bulbous honey fungus and Ringless honey fungus
Edibility class

Bulbous honey fungus

Conditionally edible

Ringless honey fungus

Conditionally edible
Season

Bulbous honey fungus

SummerAutumn

Ringless honey fungus

SummerAutumn
Use

Bulbous honey fungus

Cook freshPicklingSalting

Ringless honey fungus

Cook freshPicklingSalting
Size

Bulbous honey fungus

Medium (5–15 cm)

Ringless honey fungus

Medium (5–15 cm)
Cap color

Bulbous honey fungus

YellowBrownOrange

Ringless honey fungus

YellowBrownOrange
Cap shape

Bulbous honey fungus

ConvexFlat

Ringless honey fungus

ConvexFlat
Cap surface

Bulbous honey fungus

ScalyFibrous

Ringless honey fungus

Scaly
Taste

Bulbous honey fungus

Mild

Ringless honey fungus

Mild
Smell

Bulbous honey fungus

Pleasant

Ringless honey fungus

Pleasant
Flesh color change

Bulbous honey fungus

No change

Ringless honey fungus

No change
Hymenophore

Bulbous honey fungus

Gilled

Ringless honey fungus

Gilled
Stem

Bulbous honey fungus

Central

Ringless honey fungus

Central
Ring (veil)

Bulbous honey fungus

Ring remnants

Ringless honey fungus

No ring
Volva

Bulbous honey fungus

No volva

Ringless honey fungus

No volva
Substrate

Bulbous honey fungus

Dead woodLiving tree

Ringless honey fungus

Living treeDead wood
Nutrition type

Bulbous honey fungus

SaprotrophParasite

Ringless honey fungus

ParasiteSaprotroph
Partner trees

Bulbous honey fungus

OakBeech

Ringless honey fungus

Oak

📅 Seasonality

Bulbous honey fungus

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

August – October

Ringless honey fungus

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

August – October

🔬 Morphology

Cap

Bulbous honey fungus

The cap of the bulbous honey fungus reaches 3 to 10 centimeters in diameter. When young it is convex-bell-shaped; with age it opens out to flat. The surface is covered with small, thin fibrous scales, especially in the center, and becomes smoother in wet weather. The color is yellowish brown, honey brown or ocher, darker in the center; the margin is paler, often with a reddish tinge. In dry weather the color fades noticeably.

Ringless honey fungus

The cap of ringless honey fungus is 3 to 8 centimeters across. When young it is convex-bell-shaped; with age it opens up to flat, sometimes with a small bump. The surface is covered with small, flattened scales, especially in the center. The color is honey yellow, ocher-reddish or yellowish brown, darker in the center. The honey color and scaliness make it resemble honey fungus, but the margin is often paler.

Hymenophore

Bulbous honey fungus

The hymenophore is gilled. The gills are whitish or cream, developing yellowish-reddish spots with age, attached to the stem or running slightly down it. The spore print is white. Pale gills that turn brownish with age, together with the weak cobwebby ring, help you recognize this species.

Ringless honey fungus

The hymenophore is gilled. The gills are whitish or cream, developing pinkish-brown spots with age; they are attached to the stem or run slightly down it. The spore print is white. Pale gills that turn brown with age, together with the absence of a ring on the stem, help you recognize this species.

Stem

Bulbous honey fungus

The stem is the most distinctive feature of the species: cylindrical, with a noticeably thickened, bulbous base, 5 to 12 centimeters tall. It is yellowish brown at the top and paler toward the bottom. The ring is weak, cobwebby-membranous, yellowish, and often disappears quickly, leaving only a fibrous band. It is precisely the swollen stem base that gave the mushroom its folk name, «thick-legged». There is no volva.

Ringless honey fungus

The stem is cylindrical, tapering toward the base, 5 to 12 centimeters tall, fibrous and tough. Its defining feature is the complete absence of the ring that honey fungus has; the stem is smooth along its entire length. It is yellowish at the top and reddish brown lower down, and several stems often grow fused together in a cluster at the base. There is no volva.

Flesh

Bulbous honey fungus

The flesh is whitish, rather thin in the cap and fibrous in the stem. It barely changes color when cut. Raw flesh tastes acrid, so the mushroom must always be thoroughly boiled before eating, after which the taste becomes mild. The quality of the flesh is somewhat lower than in honey fungus, so young caps are chosen for the table.

Ringless honey fungus

The flesh is white or cream, fairly thin in the cap and fibrous and tough in the stem. It barely changes color when cut. The taste is mild and pleasant, with no bitterness, but because the raw mushroom tends to cause digestive upset, it must always be boiled thoroughly before eating. Young caps are chosen for the table.

Smell

Bulbous honey fungus

The smell is faint, pleasant, somewhat sweetish, sometimes with a cheesy hint. The scent is not a defining feature, so for identification rely on the bulbous, swollen stem base, the weak cobwebby ring, the honey-colored scaly cap and its growth on the wood of broadleaf trees.

Ringless honey fungus

The smell is faint, pleasant and mushroomy, with no sharp notes. Aroma is not a defining feature, so for identification rely on the honey-colored scaly cap, the absence of a ring on the stem, growth in dense clusters on the roots of broadleaf trees and the late-summer-to-autumn season.

📍 Habitats

Bulbous honey fungus

Deciduous forestMixed forest

Ringless honey fungus

Deciduous forestMixed forest

👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!

❓ Frequently asked questions

Can Bulbous honey fungus and Ringless honey fungus be mixed up?
Yes, they look so similar that people often mix them up. The cap surface, ring (veil), partner trees help tell them apart.
How to tell Bulbous honey fungus from Ringless honey fungus?
The main differences: cap surface: Bulbous honey fungus — scaly, fibrous, Ringless honey fungus — scaly; ring (veil): Bulbous honey fungus — ring remnants, Ringless honey fungus — no ring; partner trees: Bulbous honey fungus — oak, beech, Ringless honey fungus — oak. The full table of characteristics is higher up on this page.
Is Ringless honey fungus edible?
Ringless honey fungus — conditionally edible.
When do Bulbous honey fungus and Ringless honey fungus grow?
Bulbous honey fungus — August–October; Ringless honey fungus — August–October. Their seasons overlap, so be especially careful.

Sources

  • [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
  • [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
  • [3]MycoBank Database
  • [4]Index Fungorum
  • [5]GBIF
  • [6]iNaturalist Ukraine