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Many-rooted earthball or Collared earthstar

How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison

The short answer

Many-rooted earthball and Collared earthstar are similar species that can be mixed up while foraging. The main visible difference: cap color: Many-rooted earthball — yellow, brown, Collared earthstar — cream, brown, grey. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: cap surface, substrate.

Collared earthstar (Geastrum triplex)

Collared earthstar

Geastrum triplex

InedibleExpert-verified

📊 Comparing characteristics

Comparison of characteristics: Many-rooted earthball and Collared earthstar
Edibility class

Many-rooted earthball

Inedible

Collared earthstar

Inedible
Season

Many-rooted earthball

SummerAutumn

Collared earthstar

SummerAutumn
Use

Many-rooted earthball

Not eaten

Collared earthstar

Not eaten
Size

Many-rooted earthball

Medium (5–15 cm)

Collared earthstar

Medium (5–15 cm)
Cap color

Many-rooted earthball

YellowBrown

Collared earthstar

CreamBrownGrey
Cap shape

Many-rooted earthball

Irregular

Collared earthstar

Irregular
Cap surface

Many-rooted earthball

Scaly

Collared earthstar

Smooth
Taste

Many-rooted earthball

Unknown

Collared earthstar

Unknown
Smell

Many-rooted earthball

Odorless

Collared earthstar

Odorless
Flesh color change

Many-rooted earthball

Darkens

Collared earthstar

Darkens
Hymenophore

Many-rooted earthball

Chambered

Collared earthstar

Chambered
Stem

Many-rooted earthball

Absent

Collared earthstar

Absent
Ring (veil)

Many-rooted earthball

No ring

Collared earthstar

No ring
Volva

Many-rooted earthball

No volva

Collared earthstar

No volva
Substrate

Many-rooted earthball

Soil

Collared earthstar

Forest litterSoil
Nutrition type

Many-rooted earthball

Saprotroph

Collared earthstar

Saprotroph
Partner trees

Many-rooted earthball

—

Collared earthstar

OakBeechHornbeamHazel

📅 Seasonality

Many-rooted earthball

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

July – October

Collared earthstar

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

August – November

🔬 Morphology

Cap

Many-rooted earthball

Fruiting body 3-10 cm across, round to flattened-round, with no distinct stem. The skin is thick (3-5 mm), leathery and tough, colored yellow-brown, ocher-brown, with a fine felty-fibrous surface. As it matures it splits open into 4-6 radiating lobes like a star, revealing the dark spore mass inside. Once open, the star shape stays on the ground.

Collared earthstar

A young mushroom is a round or egg-shaped fruiting body 2-5 cm across, firm, creamy white or ocher-cream, sunk in the litter. When mature, the outer skin splits from the top into 4-8 petal-like rays and folds back, forming a star 5-12 cm across. The rays are fleshy, spread out in damp weather and curling inward in dry weather. In the center is a round spore sac 1-3 cm across, smooth, grayish brown or chocolate gray, with a small round pore on top for releasing spores.

Hymenophore

Many-rooted earthball

The spores form inside the fruiting body, in the gleba. In young specimens the gleba is whitish at first, very quickly (within a day or two) turning bluish-gray-purple, and in mature ones completely purplish-black and powdery. The spore print is dark purplish-black.

Collared earthstar

The hymenophore is enclosed inside the spore sac (a gasteromycete). At first the flesh is white, soft. With age it turns grayish brown and becomes a powdery mass of spores. When mature, the spores escape through an apical pore — in the rain, drops hit the sac and puff out a cloud of spores.

Stem

Many-rooted earthball

No stem. The fruiting body is attached to the substrate by short, threadlike rhizomorphs (coarse whitish strands of mycelium).

Collared earthstar

There is no stem in the usual sense. In the "star" part, the fleshy middle layer forms a distinctive collar or cup around the base of the spore sac. This collar is the diagnostic feature of G. triplex that sets it apart from other earthstars.

Flesh

Many-rooted earthball

Flesh (gleba) whitish in young specimens, but very quickly turns bluish to gray-purple; purplish-black and powdery in mature ones. The dark bluish color of the young flesh is a diagnostic feature of earthballs. The outer skin is dense and leathery, and noticeably resists the knife.

Collared earthstar

In a young fruiting body it is white, soft, with a layered structure. With age it shrinks, darkens and turns into a powdery mass of spores. It doesn't change color quickly when cut.

Smell

Many-rooted earthball

Faint, neutral, or with a rubbery/rotten note in mature specimens. Not pleasantly mushroomy.

Collared earthstar

Faint, earthy, neutral. Not pronounced. The taste isn't tested — the mushroom is not edible.

📍 Habitats

Many-rooted earthball

Deciduous forestMixed forest

Collared earthstar

Deciduous forestMixed forest

👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!

❓ Frequently asked questions

Can Many-rooted earthball and Collared earthstar be mixed up?
Yes, they look so similar that people often mix them up. The cap color, cap surface, substrate help tell them apart.
How to tell Many-rooted earthball from Collared earthstar?
The main differences: cap color: Many-rooted earthball — yellow, brown, Collared earthstar — cream, brown, grey; cap surface: Many-rooted earthball — scaly, Collared earthstar — smooth; substrate: Many-rooted earthball — soil, Collared earthstar — forest litter, soil. The full table of characteristics is higher up on this page.
Is Collared earthstar edible?
Collared earthstar — inedible.
When do Many-rooted earthball and Collared earthstar grow?
Many-rooted earthball — July–October; Collared earthstar — August–November.

Sources

  • [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
  • [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
  • [3]MycoBank Database
  • [4]Index Fungorum
  • [5]GBIF
  • [6]iNaturalist Ukraine