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Crab brittlegill or Purple brittlegill

How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison

The short answer

Crab brittlegill and Purple brittlegill are similar species: Crab brittlegill is edible, while Purple brittlegill is conditionally edible. The main visible difference: use: Crab brittlegill — cook fresh, pickling, drying, Purple brittlegill — cook fresh, pickling. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: size, cap color, cap surface.

Purple brittlegill (Russula atropurpurea)

Purple brittlegill

Russula atropurpurea

Conditionally edibleExpert-verified
Crab brittlegill (Russula xerampelina)

Crab brittlegill

Russula xerampelina

EdibleExpert-verified

📊 Comparing characteristics

Comparison of characteristics: Purple brittlegill and Crab brittlegill
Edibility class

Purple brittlegill

Conditionally edible

Crab brittlegill

Edible
Season

Purple brittlegill

SummerAutumn

Crab brittlegill

SummerAutumn
Use

Purple brittlegill

Cook freshPickling

Crab brittlegill

Cook freshPicklingDrying
Size

Purple brittlegill

Small (up to 5 cm)

Crab brittlegill

Medium (5–15 cm)
Cap color

Purple brittlegill

VioletBlack

Crab brittlegill

RedViolet
Cap shape

Purple brittlegill

Depressed

Crab brittlegill

Depressed
Cap surface

Purple brittlegill

Smooth

Crab brittlegill

Slimy
Taste

Purple brittlegill

Bitter

Crab brittlegill

Mild
Smell

Purple brittlegill

Pleasant

Crab brittlegill

Pleasant
Flesh color change

Purple brittlegill

Darkens

Crab brittlegill

Yellowing
Hymenophore

Purple brittlegill

Gilled

Crab brittlegill

Gilled
Stem

Purple brittlegill

Central

Crab brittlegill

Central
Ring (veil)

Purple brittlegill

No ring

Crab brittlegill

No ring
Volva

Purple brittlegill

No volva

Crab brittlegill

No volva
Substrate

Purple brittlegill

Soil

Crab brittlegill

Soil
Nutrition type

Purple brittlegill

Mycorrhizal

Crab brittlegill

Mycorrhizal
Partner trees

Purple brittlegill

OakBeech

Crab brittlegill

PineSpruce

📅 Seasonality

Purple brittlegill

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

August – October

Crab brittlegill

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

August – October

🔬 Morphology

Cap

Purple brittlegill

Cap 4-9 cm across; when young it is convex with an inrolled margin, becoming with age flat and spread out with a slightly sunken center. The cap skin is smooth, slimy in wet weather, peels back over 1/2 of the cap. The color is dark purple, wine-violet, with a distinctive blackish center (atropurpurea), paler pinkish-violet toward the edge. Old ones fade to a dingy purple. The margin of mature ones has fine radial grooves.

Crab brittlegill

Cap 5-15 cm across, when young hemispherical, becoming with age flat and spreading with a slightly depressed center. The cap skin is matte, slightly sticky in wet weather, dry and matte in dry weather, peels easily 2/3 of the way to the center. Color wine-red, purple-violet, burgundy in the center, paler toward the edge, fading to pinkish-gray and ochre. In mature caps the edge has fine radial grooves.

Hymenophore

Purple brittlegill

Gilled hymenophore: the gills are attached or free from the stem, moderately crowded, thin, brittle. The color is white at first, cream with a pale ocher tinge with age. The spore print is creamy white to pale ocher.

Crab brittlegill

Gilled hymenophore — the gills are attached or free from the stem, moderately crowded, fleshy, brittle. Color cream-white when young, becoming ochre-yellow to yellow-brown with age (from the mature spore powder). Spore print yellow-ochre to yellow-brown.

Stem

Purple brittlegill

Stem 3-7 cm tall, 1-2 cm thick, firm, cylindrical, hollow in old ones. The color is white to cream, often with gray or gray-purple patches in the lower part. The surface is smooth with fine lengthwise wrinkles. No ring.

Crab brittlegill

Stem 5-10 cm tall, 1.5-3 cm thick, firm, fleshy, cylindrical, hollow inside in old specimens. Color white when young, with a characteristic pink or wine-colored tint, where pressed or cut it slowly turns yellow, then brown — a diagnostic feature. Surface smooth with fine lengthwise wrinkles. No ring.

Flesh

Purple brittlegill

Flesh firm, brittle, white; when damaged it slowly turns slightly gray. The smell is faint, pleasant, fruity-mushroomy, the taste mild in young ones; in mature ones slightly acrid-bitterish in the gills and stem (tongue test).

Crab brittlegill

Flesh firm, brittle, white, slowly turns yellow when cut, then brownish over time (especially in the stem) — a characteristic reaction of the species. Smell distinctly fishy and briny (smoked herring, shrimp, fish) — the main diagnostic. Taste mild, nutty, with no bitterness or acridity.

Smell

Purple brittlegill

Faint, pleasant, fruity-mushroomy, neutral.

Crab brittlegill

Distinctly fishy and briny: smoked herring, cooked shrimp, fish. A diagnostic feature of the species, clearly noticeable when cut and in the finished dish.

📍 Habitats

Purple brittlegill

Deciduous forestMixed forest

Crab brittlegill

Conifer forestMixed forest

👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!

❓ Frequently asked questions

Can Crab brittlegill and Purple brittlegill be mixed up?
Yes, they look so similar that people often mix them up. The use, size, cap color help tell them apart.
How to tell Crab brittlegill from Purple brittlegill?
The main differences: use: Crab brittlegill — cook fresh, pickling, drying, Purple brittlegill — cook fresh, pickling; size: Crab brittlegill — medium (5–15 cm), Purple brittlegill — small (up to 5 cm); cap color: Crab brittlegill — red, violet, Purple brittlegill — violet, black. As for edibility: Crab brittlegill is edible, Purple brittlegill is conditionally edible. The full table of characteristics is higher up on this page.
Is Purple brittlegill edible?
Purple brittlegill — conditionally edible.
When do Crab brittlegill and Purple brittlegill grow?
Crab brittlegill — August–October; Purple brittlegill — August–October. Their seasons overlap, so be especially careful.

Sources

  • [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
  • [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
  • [3]MycoBank Database
  • [4]Index Fungorum
  • [5]GBIF
  • [6]iNaturalist Ukraine