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Stumpy milkcap or Ugly milk cap

Stumpy milkcap and Ugly milk cap are similar species: Stumpy milkcap is conditionally edible, while Ugly milk cap is inedible. The main visible difference: flesh colour change: Stumpy milkcap — no change, Ugly milk cap — darkens. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: cap surface, cap colour, smell.

Not sure? Identify by photo

Side by side

Stumpy milkcapUgly milk cap
Comparison of characteristics: Stumpy milkcap and Ugly milk cap
Edibility classStumpy milkcap: Conditionally edibleUgly milk cap: Inedible
UseStumpy milkcap: Salting, PicklingUgly milk cap: Not eaten
SizeStumpy milkcap: Medium (5–15 cm)Ugly milk cap: Large (over 15 cm)
Cap colourStumpy milkcap: Grey, Violet, Pink, BrownUgly milk cap: Olive, Black, Dark brown
Cap shapeStumpy milkcap: Convex, Depressed, Funnel-shaped, IrregularUgly milk cap: Funnel-shaped
Cap surfaceStumpy milkcap: Smooth, DryUgly milk cap: Slimy
TasteStumpy milkcap: Acrid, BitterUgly milk cap: Acrid
SmellStumpy milkcap: FruityUgly milk cap: Odourless
Flesh colour changeStumpy milkcap: No changeUgly milk cap: Darkens
StemStumpy milkcap: Central, Solid, HollowUgly milk cap: Central
SubstrateStumpy milkcap: Soil, MossUgly milk cap: Soil
Partner treesStumpy milkcap: Birch, Spruce, Pine, AspenUgly milk cap: Birch

Same in both: season, hymenophore, nutrition type, growth habit.

When and where they meet

Together: August–October

Their seasons overlap: August–October. At that time you can find both in the same woods. Shared habitats: deciduous forest, mixed forest.

Stumpy milkcap

Fruiting season

July – October

Ugly milk cap

Fruiting season

August – November

What they look like

Cap, Hymenophore, Stem, Flesh, Smell

Cap

Stumpy milkcap

The cap is 5–10 cm across, occasionally up to 15 cm. Young caps are convex with an inrolled margin, then flatten, sink in the centre and become funnel-shaped, sometimes with a small central bump. The margin is wavy, lobed and looks bent.

The colour is grey, leaden grey, lilac-grey, pinkish grey or brownish grey, turning ochre or beige in old specimens. Concentric zones are faint or absent, though darker rings sometimes show towards the margin. The surface is smooth, dry and matt, occasionally finely cracked. In the rain it gets slightly sticky, but it's never slimy.

Ugly milk cap

The cap is 6–15 (up to 20) cm across, making this a large, fleshy milk cap. It starts convex with an inrolled, fuzzy margin, then flattens and finally becomes funnel-shaped with a sunken centre. The colour is dark olive, olive-black or brownish-black; young caps have a yellow-green tinge, old ones are almost black. In wet weather the surface is very sticky and slimy; in dry weather it's shiny, with darker concentric zones. In young mushrooms the margin is densely downy.

Hymenophore

Stumpy milkcap

The gills are widely spaced for a milkcap, thick and brittle, attached or running slightly down the stem, often wavy and sometimes forked near the stem. They start cream or pale yellow and turn ochre with age.

Drops of white milk often bead along the gill edges. The spore print is cream to yellowish.

Ugly milk cap

The gills are crowded, narrow, adnate or slightly decurrent, pale yellow to cream, taking on a dark olive tinge with age. Where damaged they darken to brown or black, a characteristic reaction. They exude white milk. The spore print is cream.

Stem

Stumpy milkcap

The stem is short and stout: 3–8 cm tall and 1–3 cm thick. It's cylindrical or tapers downwards, solid at first and hollow later, sometimes with lengthwise grooves.

It's the same colour as the cap or paler: whitish cream to lilac-grey, sometimes with ochre spots at the base. There is no ring and no volva.

Ugly milk cap

The stem is 3–8 cm tall and 1–3 cm thick, cylindrical or thickening toward the base, solid when young and often hollow later. It's paler than the cap, olive-yellow to dingy olive, often with characteristic dark “scrobicules” (sunken pits). It's also sticky in wet weather. There's no ring and no volva.

Flesh

Stumpy milkcap

The flesh is white to cream, firm, thick in the cap, and doesn't change colour when cut. The milk is white, plentiful and stays white in the air. Both flesh and milk taste very hot and slightly bitter.

Ugly milk cap

The flesh is whitish to yellowish and firm, slowly darkening to grey-brown when cut. Any damage releases plenty of white milk that doesn't change colour in the air but leaves dark stains on the mushroom. With alkali (KOH) it turns violet-black, another diagnostic feature.

Smell

Stumpy milkcap

The smell is faint, fruity and slightly sour. It lacks the strong lovage smell of the fenugreek milkcap and the coconut smell of the coconut milkcap.

Ugly milk cap

The smell is faint, neutral, slightly resinous; old mushrooms can smell dirty and earthy. Raw, the flesh and milk taste extremely acrid, bitter and hot. Do not taste it raw.

Related comparisons

Sources · 15

  • [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
  • [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
  • [3]MycoBank Database
  • [4]Index Fungorum
  • [5]GBIF
  • [6]iNaturalist Ukraine
  • [7]Wikipedia (English)
  • [8]Википедия (ru): Серушка
  • [9]Wikigrib: Серушка
  • [10]Wikipedia (de): Verbogener Milchling
  • [11]Wikipedia (fi): Nurmirousku
  • [12]Wikipedia (pl): Mleczaj wygięty
  • [13]Wikipedia (be): Шаруха
  • [14]BioImages: Lactarius flexuosus (Stumpy Milkcap)
  • [15]University of Helsinki, Pinkka: Kauppasienet ja myrkkysienet