White hedgehog or Terracotta hedgehog
White hedgehog and Terracotta hedgehog are similar species that can be mixed up while foraging. The main visible difference: flesh colour change: White hedgehog — no change, Terracotta hedgehog — darkens. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: cap surface, cap colour, smell.
Not sure? Identify by photoSide by side
| Characteristic | White hedgehog | Terracotta hedgehog |
|---|---|---|
| Use | White hedgehog: Cook fresh, Drying | Terracotta hedgehog: Cook fresh |
| Size | White hedgehog: Medium (5–15 cm) | Terracotta hedgehog: Small (up to 5 cm), Medium (5–15 cm) |
| Cap colour | White hedgehog: White, Cream | Terracotta hedgehog: Orange, Rusty |
| Cap shape | White hedgehog: Convex | Terracotta hedgehog: Convex, Irregular, Flat |
| Cap surface | White hedgehog: Smooth | Terracotta hedgehog: Velvety, Dry |
| Taste | White hedgehog: Mild | Terracotta hedgehog: — |
| Smell | White hedgehog: Pleasant | Terracotta hedgehog: Odourless |
| Flesh colour change | White hedgehog: No change | Terracotta hedgehog: Darkens |
| Stem | White hedgehog: Central | Terracotta hedgehog: Central, Eccentric, Solid |
| Substrate | White hedgehog: Soil, Forest litter | Terracotta hedgehog: Soil, Moss, Leaf litter |
| Partner trees | White hedgehog: Oak, Beech, Hornbeam | Terracotta hedgehog: Spruce, Pine, Beech, Oak |
| Growth habit | White hedgehog: In groups | Terracotta hedgehog: Solitary, In groups, In rings |
Same in both: edibility class, season, hymenophore, nutrition type.
When and where they meet
Together: September–November
Their seasons overlap: September–November. At that time you can find both in the same woods. Shared habitats: deciduous forest, mixed forest.
What they look like
Cap, Hymenophore, Stem, Flesh, Smell
Cap
White hedgehog
Cap 3–12 cm, plano-convex when young; in old ones the margin is often uneven and wavy, or the cap slightly depressed. Creamy white or pale yellowish, sometimes almost pure white. Surface matte, slightly sticky in wet weather, dry and faintly rough in dry weather.
Terracotta hedgehog
The cap is 2 to 6 cm across, sometimes larger, convex then flatter, often irregular, lobed or wavy at the edge and lumpy, without a deep funnel. It often sits slightly off-centre on the stem.
The surface is dry and finely felty or velvety. It's orange-red, terracotta or brownish orange, paler towards the edge, and fades with age.
Hymenophore
White hedgehog
Instead of gills or tubes, it has distinctive soft spines (teeth) hanging from the underside of the cap. The spines are creamy white, turning yellowish with age, and 2–7 mm long. Spore print white.
Terracotta hedgehog
Instead of gills there are crowded, soft spines 2 to 5 mm long that hang like stalactites, whitish, pink or peachy, and brush off easily. They stop at the top of the stem and don't run down it.
The spore print is white.
Stem
White hedgehog
Stem 2–7 cm tall, 1–2 cm thick, cylindrical or slightly narrowing toward the base. Same colour as the cap or slightly paler. Surface smooth, with no ring or volva.
Terracotta hedgehog
The stem is 2 to 6 cm tall and usually 0.5 to 1.5 cm thick, solid, whitish or pinkish white, bruising orange-brown when touched or pressed, and often pointed at the base.
Flesh
White hedgehog
Flesh white, springy and juicy in young mushrooms, toughish and brittle in old ones. Does NOT change colour when cut. Texture fibrous, with a pleasant resistance under the knife.
Terracotta hedgehog
The flesh is firm, whitish with pink or salmon tones.
Smell
White hedgehog
Smell pleasant, with a nutty note (a hallmark of all Hydnum). Taste mild, sweetish in young mushrooms, possibly slightly bitter in old ones.
Terracotta hedgehog
The smell is indistinct.
Related comparisons
Sources · 18
- [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
- [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
- [3]MycoBank Database
- [4]Index Fungorum
- [5]GBIF
- [6]iNaturalist Ukraine
- [7]Márquez-Sanz R. et al. Hydnum pallidum Raddi, the Correct Name for H. albidum Peck in the Sense of European Authors and the Recently Described H. reginae Kibby, Liimat. & Niskanen. Journal of Fungi, 2023, 9: 1141, Márquez-Sanz R. et al. (2023)
- [8]Wikipedia (English)
- [9]Википедия (русская)
- [10]First Nature: Hydnum rufescens, Terracotta Hedgehog
- [11]First Nature: Hydnum repandum, Wood Hedgehog
- [12]Wild Food UK: Terracotta Hedgehog
- [13]The Foraging Course Company: Foraging guide, Terracotta Hedgehog
- [14]Niskanen T., Liimatainen K., Nuytinck J., Kirk P. et al. Identifying and naming the currently known diversity of the genus Hydnum, with an emphasis on European and North American taxa. Mycologia, 2018, Niskanen T., Liimatainen K., Nuytinck J., Kirk P. et al. (2018)
- [15]Campbell D. On Eating Raw Mushrooms. Mycena News, 2008, Campbell D. (2008)
- [16]vlisi.com.ua: Їжовик жовтий (Hydnum repandum)
- [17]Wikigrib: Ежовик красновато-жёлтый
- [18]GBIF: знахідки Hydnum rufescens в Україні