How to tell Wood woollyfoot from Deadly dapperling
Wood woollyfoot and Deadly dapperling look alike, so they're easy to mix up — but Wood woollyfoot is inedible, while Deadly dapperling is deadly poisonous. The main visible difference: substrate: Wood woollyfoot — leaf litter, Deadly dapperling — soil. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: cap surface, smell. If you have even the slightest doubt, leave the mushroom be.
Not sure? Identify by photoSide by side
| Characteristic | Wood woollyfoot | Deadly dapperling |
|---|---|---|
| Edibility class | Wood woollyfoot: Inedible | Deadly dapperling: Deadly poisonous |
| Cap colour | Wood woollyfoot: Brown, Cream, Rusty | Deadly dapperling: Cream, Pink, Red, Brown |
| Cap shape | Wood woollyfoot: Convex, Flat, Umbonate | Deadly dapperling: Convex |
| Cap surface | Wood woollyfoot: Dry, Smooth | Deadly dapperling: Scaly |
| Taste | Wood woollyfoot: Peppery | Deadly dapperling: Mild |
| Smell | Wood woollyfoot: Odourless, Sour | Deadly dapperling: Pleasant |
| Stem | Wood woollyfoot: Central, Hollow | Deadly dapperling: Central |
| Substrate | Wood woollyfoot: Leaf litter | Deadly dapperling: Soil |
| Partner trees | Wood woollyfoot: Beech, Oak | Deadly dapperling: — |
| Growth habit | Wood woollyfoot: In groups, In clusters from one base, In rings | Deadly dapperling: In groups, Solitary |
Same in both: season, use, size, flesh colour change, hymenophore, nutrition type.
DEADLY POISONOUS
Eating it can cause death. Do not pick it and do not taste it.
Toxin: amatoxins (α-amanitin and β-amanitin, the same as in Amanita phalloides). There's enough for fatal poisoning: 50-100 g of raw mushroom for an adult, a single piece for a child. Poisoning unfolds slowly, in phases: (1) 0-12 h: nothing, the person feels fine; (2) 12-36 h: acute gastroenteritis with profuse vomiting, watery diarrhoea, abdominal pain and dehydration (1-2 days); (3) 36-72 h: a deceptive improvement (a "lucid interval") when it seems to be over; (4) from the third day: hepatorenal failure with jaundice, bleeding and hepatic coma; (5) days 6-16: in severe cases, death without a liver transplant. Treatment is in hospital only (intravenous silibinin, activated charcoal, many hours of IV drips, hemodialysis, and a liver transplant for severe damage). The sooner you see a doctor, the better the chances. Urgency is critical: the first 24 hours give the best chance of full recovery.
If you suspect poisoning, call your local emergency number (112 in the EU, 999 in the UK) immediately
When and where they meet
Together: July–November
Their seasons overlap: July–November. At that time you can find both in the same woods. Shared habitats: deciduous forest, mixed forest.
What they look like
Cap, Hymenophore, Stem, Flesh, Smell
Cap
Wood woollyfoot
The cap is 2 to 7 cm across, usually 3 to 6 cm, convex with an inrolled margin at first, then flattening, sometimes with a low broad bump or a slight dip; old caps have a wavy, wrinkled or grooved edge.
The surface is hygrophanous, smooth or finely fibrous, dry and matt, sometimes with small white felty spots. The colour varies a lot: pinkish cream, yellowish buff, ochre or reddish brown, darker in the centre.
Deadly dapperling
The cap is small, 2-5 cm across, hemispherical to convex when young, later flattening out with a broad, low bump in the centre. Overall it's pale cream or pinkish-cream, with characteristic concentric rings of reddish-brown or brick-coloured scales (as if dusted with ground pepper). The scales crowd together at the centre and thin out toward the edge. Beneath them the surface is smooth.
Hymenophore
Wood woollyfoot
The gills are widely spaced and narrow, narrowly attached or almost free, pale yellowish at first and turning reddish brown with age.
The spore print is white to pale cream.
Deadly dapperling
Underneath are crowded, thin gills that are free (not attached to the stem), white to cream, turning cream-ochre with age. The spore print is white, an important feature for telling it apart from Agaricus mushrooms, whose print is chocolate-black.
Stem
Wood woollyfoot
The stem is 3 to 8 cm tall and 0.3 to 0.8 cm thick, cylindrical and slightly wider at the base, tough and hollow, cap-coloured or yellowish brown, paler and finely frosted at the top. There's no ring.
The lower half is densely covered in white to yellowish woolly hairs that bind the leaf litter at the base.
Deadly dapperling
The stem is 3-6 cm tall and 0.3-0.7 cm thick, cylindrical and slender. It's whitish toward the top, with reddish-brown or pink tones and small scales lower down. The ring is either absent or just a thin, indistinct band of scales, practically invisible in mature mushrooms. The stem flesh is firm.
Flesh
Wood woollyfoot
The flesh is thin, tough and pale yellowish to brownish yellow.
Deadly dapperling
The flesh is thin and white, with a pinkish tinge in the lower part of the stem. It doesn't change colour quickly when cut. There's no strong odour, just a delicate fruity smell.
Smell
Wood woollyfoot
The smell is faint and indistinct, slightly sour according to some descriptions. The taste is burning and peppery.
Deadly dapperling
Faintly fruity and sweet, a bit like apples, and that's exactly what makes it so treacherous. The smell raises no alarm; if anything, it's appealing, especially to children. Don't rely on smell or taste to identify it: neither gives any hint of deadly toxicity.
Related comparisons
Sources · 18
- [1]Index Fungorum
- [2]Species Fungorum
- [3]GBIF
- [4]Wikipedia (English)
- [5]First Nature: Gymnopus peronatus, Wood Woollyfoot
- [6]First Nature: Gymnopus dryophilus, Russet Toughshank
- [7]First Nature: Marasmius oreades, Fairy Ring Champignon
- [8]First Nature: Laccaria laccata, Deceiver
- [9]NatureSpot: Wood Woollyfoot
- [10]BioImages: Gymnopus peronatus
- [11]Wikipedia (de): Brennender Rübling
- [12]Шульга В. М. Світ грибів України: Gymnopus peronatus
- [13]Wikigrib: Коллибия обёрнутая
- [14]GBIF: знахідки Gymnopus peronatus в Україні
- [15]Вікіпедія (українська)
- [16]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
- [17]MycoBank Database
- [18]iNaturalist Ukraine