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Charbonnier or Giant knight

How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison

The short answer

Charbonnier and Giant knight are similar species that can be mixed up while foraging. The main visible difference: season: Charbonnier — autumn, Giant knight — summer, autumn. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: size, cap color, cap shape.

Charbonnier (Tricholoma portentosum)

Charbonnier

Tricholoma portentosum

EdibleExpert-verified
Giant knight (Tricholoma colossus)

Giant knight

Tricholoma colossus

EdibleExpert-verified

📊 Comparing characteristics

Comparison of characteristics: Charbonnier and Giant knight
Edibility class

Charbonnier

Edible

Giant knight

Edible
Season

Charbonnier

Autumn

Giant knight

SummerAutumn
Use

Charbonnier

Cook freshPicklingDrying

Giant knight

Cook freshPicklingDrying
Size

Charbonnier

Medium (5–15 cm)

Giant knight

Large (over 15 cm)
Cap color

Charbonnier

GreyVioletOlive

Giant knight

PinkBrown
Cap shape

Charbonnier

Umbonate

Giant knight

Convex
Cap surface

Charbonnier

Fibrous

Giant knight

Smooth
Taste

Charbonnier

Mild

Giant knight

Mild
Smell

Charbonnier

FlouryPleasant

Giant knight

FlouryPleasant
Flesh color change

Charbonnier

No change

Giant knight

Reddening
Hymenophore

Charbonnier

Gilled

Giant knight

Gilled
Stem

Charbonnier

Central

Giant knight

Central
Ring (veil)

Charbonnier

No ring

Giant knight

No ring
Volva

Charbonnier

No volva

Giant knight

No volva
Substrate

Charbonnier

Soil

Giant knight

Soil
Nutrition type

Charbonnier

Mycorrhizal

Giant knight

Mycorrhizal
Partner trees

Charbonnier

PineSpruce

Giant knight

Pine

📅 Seasonality

Charbonnier

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

October – November

Giant knight

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

August – October

🔬 Morphology

Cap

Charbonnier

Cap 5-12 cm across, when young bell-shaped or convex-conical, becoming with age flat-convex with a low, broad bump in the center. The skin is smooth, slightly slimy in wet weather, dry and matte in dry weather. Color: gray-violet, gray-greenish, olive-gray, darker in the center, with distinct fine dark radial fibrous streaks — a diagnostic feature. The margin is even, slightly wavy in old caps, inrolled in young ones.

Giant knight

Cap 15-25 cm across (in exceptional cases up to 30 cm), very meaty, firm. In young specimens convex-globular with an inrolled margin, becoming with age cushion-convex, with a slightly wavy margin. The cap skin is smooth, matte and dry when young, slightly shiny when mature. Color: flesh-pink to brownish-pink, brown-pink, darker ochre-chestnut in the center, paler toward the margin. In old fruit bodies it becomes brown-chestnut.

Hymenophore

Charbonnier

Gilled hymenophore — the gills are notched (sinuate) where they attach to the stem, moderately crowded, fleshy. When young they are whitish with a faint yellowish tinge, becoming with age creamy-yellowish, especially toward the edge. The yellowish tone of the gills is a diagnostic feature. Spore print white.

Giant knight

Gilled hymenophore — the gills are notched-attached to the stem, crowded, fleshy. When young they are whitish, becoming with age cream-pink to flesh-pink. Spore print white.

Stem

Charbonnier

Stem 5-10 cm tall, 1.5-2.5 cm thick, firm, fleshy, cylindrical. Color: whitish with a characteristic yellowish tinge, especially toward the base. Surface smooth with fine lengthwise fibers. No ring.

Giant knight

Stem 8-15 cm tall, 3-5 cm thick, very sturdy, meaty, cylindrical, thickening toward the base, in older specimens with a small bulbous swelling at the base. Color: whitish in the upper part, brownish-pink below, matching the cap color. Surface smooth, with lengthwise fibers. No ring.

Flesh

Charbonnier

Flesh firm, white in the cap, white with a yellowish tinge in the stem. Does not change color when cut — it does not turn pink (unlike T. saponaceum) and does not darken. Smell distinctly mealy-cucumber, taste mild, pleasantly mushroomy with a hint of flour, no bitterness.

Giant knight

Flesh firm, meaty, white, where cut it slowly turns pinkish (in some fruit bodies) — a weak reaction. Smell pronounced, pleasant and mushroomy with a note of flour, taste mild, pleasant, with no bitterness.

Smell

Charbonnier

A distinct, pleasant mealy-cucumber smell — like freshly ground flour with a note of fresh cucumbers. A diagnostic feature, clear when you cut it.

Giant knight

A pronounced, pleasant mushroomy-mealy smell, like many good-quality knights.

📍 Habitats

Charbonnier

Conifer forestMixed forest

Giant knight

Conifer forest

👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!

❓ Frequently asked questions

Can Charbonnier and Giant knight be mixed up?
Yes, they look so similar that people often mix them up. The season, size, cap color help tell them apart.
How to tell Charbonnier from Giant knight?
The main differences: season: Charbonnier — autumn, Giant knight — summer, autumn; size: Charbonnier — medium (5–15 cm), Giant knight — large (over 15 cm); cap color: Charbonnier — grey, violet, olive, Giant knight — pink, brown. The full table of characteristics is higher up on this page.
Is Giant knight edible?
Giant knight — edible.
When do Charbonnier and Giant knight grow?
Charbonnier — October–November; Giant knight — August–October.

Sources

  • [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
  • [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
  • [3]MycoBank Database
  • [4]Index Fungorum
  • [5]GBIF
  • [6]iNaturalist Ukraine