Rhizopogon obtectus or Choiromyces venosus
How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison
The short answer
Rhizopogon obtectus and Choiromyces venosus are similar species: Rhizopogon obtectus is edible, while Choiromyces venosus is conditionally edible. The main visible difference: cap color: Rhizopogon obtectus — yellow, brown, cream, Choiromyces venosus — white, cream, yellow. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: cap surface, smell, flesh color change.
Rhizopogon obtectus
Rhizopogon obtectus

Choiromyces venosus
Choiromyces meandriformis
📊 Comparing characteristics
| Characteristic | Rhizopogon obtectus | Choiromyces venosus |
|---|---|---|
| Edibility class | Rhizopogon obtectus Edible | Choiromyces venosus Conditionally edible |
| Season | Rhizopogon obtectus SummerAutumn | Choiromyces venosus SummerAutumn |
| Use | Rhizopogon obtectus Cook fresh | Choiromyces venosus Cook fresh |
| Size | Rhizopogon obtectus Small (up to 5 cm) | Choiromyces venosus Small (up to 5 cm) |
| Cap color | Rhizopogon obtectus YellowBrownCream | Choiromyces venosus WhiteCreamYellow |
| Cap shape | Rhizopogon obtectus Irregular | Choiromyces venosus Irregular |
| Cap surface | Rhizopogon obtectus SmoothFibrous | Choiromyces venosus Smooth |
| Taste | Rhizopogon obtectus Mild | Choiromyces venosus Mild |
| Smell | Rhizopogon obtectus Pleasant | Choiromyces venosus PleasantChemical |
| Flesh color change | Rhizopogon obtectus Darkens | Choiromyces venosus No change |
| Hymenophore | Rhizopogon obtectus Chambered | Choiromyces venosus Chambered |
| Stem | Rhizopogon obtectus Absent | Choiromyces venosus Absent |
| Ring (veil) | Rhizopogon obtectus No ring | Choiromyces venosus No ring |
| Volva | Rhizopogon obtectus No volva | Choiromyces venosus No volva |
| Substrate | Rhizopogon obtectus SoilForest litter | Choiromyces venosus Soil |
| Nutrition type | Rhizopogon obtectus Mycorrhizal | Choiromyces venosus Mycorrhizal |
| Partner trees | Rhizopogon obtectus Pine | Choiromyces venosus OakPineSpruce |
📅 Seasonality
Rhizopogon obtectus
Fruiting season
July – October
Choiromyces venosus
Fruiting season
August – October
🔬 Morphology
Cap
Rhizopogon obtectus
There is no true cap. The fruiting body is tuber-shaped, round or irregularly round, 1 to 4 centimeters across, resembling a small potato or a truffle. The surface is smooth or covered with fine pressed-down fibers (rhizomorphs), whitish or yellowish at first, turning reddish-brown or olive-yellow with age and where handled. The entire fruiting body is closed, with no openings.
Choiromyces venosus
The fruiting body is an irregular, tuber-like lump, 2–8 cm (sometimes up to 12 cm) across. When young it’s white or cream, with a smooth surface. With age it turns yellowish-brown with reddish-brown blotches. The surface is matte and may wrinkle slightly as it matures.
Hymenophore
Rhizopogon obtectus
There is no hymenophore in the usual sense. The spores ripen inside the closed fruiting body, in a maze-like chambered tissue (the gleba). In young mushrooms it is white and firm; as it matures it turns yellow, then brown and jelly-like, and later powdery. The spore print is olive-brown. A chambered inner tissue with no true pores or gills is a hallmark of the underground rhizopogons.
Choiromyces venosus
The spore-bearing layer is inside — in a young mushroom the “flesh” is uniformly white; as it matures, distinctive labyrinth-like, net-like darker veins develop, running through the white base. Cut open, a mature mushroom shows a striking marbled pattern — which is where the name “meandriformis” comes from (after the meanders of a river).
Stem
Rhizopogon obtectus
There is no distinct stem; the fruiting body is attached to the soil by thin whitish cords (rhizomorphs), especially noticeable at the base. The whole structure is a single solid tuber with no division into cap and stem, which is exactly what sets Rhizopogon apart from the familiar cap-and-stem mushrooms.
Choiromyces venosus
There’s no stem — the fruiting body is hypogeous (underground), fully buried in the soil. It is attached to the substrate by thin mycelial strands.
Flesh
Rhizopogon obtectus
The flesh (gleba) of young mushrooms is white, firm and uniform, with tiny maze-like chambers. This is the only stage at which the mushroom is edible. As it matures, it turns yellow, then brown, becomes jelly-like and unfit to eat. White young flesh in cross-section is your guarantee of edibility; any darkening means the mushroom is overripe.
Choiromyces venosus
In young mushrooms the flesh is solid white, dense and meaty. In mature ones it’s a white base with a network of yellow-brown or grayish veins. The texture resembles a firm cheese.
Smell
Rhizopogon obtectus
The smell is faint, pleasant and mushroomy, becoming stronger and not always pleasant in mature specimens. The aroma is not a defining feature; you recognize this mushroom by its underground lifestyle, its closed tuber-like fruiting body with no cap or stem, and its link to pine.
Choiromyces venosus
The smell is strong and peculiar — like a mix of Camembert cheese, canned mushrooms and raw potato. In fresh specimens it’s pleasant; in overripe ones it becomes sharp and unpleasant. The taste is mild, with a nutty note.
📍 Habitats
Rhizopogon obtectus
Choiromyces venosus
👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!
❓ Frequently asked questions
Can Rhizopogon obtectus and Choiromyces venosus be mixed up?
How to tell Rhizopogon obtectus from Choiromyces venosus?
Is Choiromyces venosus edible?
When do Rhizopogon obtectus and Choiromyces venosus grow?
Sources
- [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
- [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
- [3]MycoBank Database
- [4]Index Fungorum
- [5]GBIF
- [6]iNaturalist Ukraine