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Rhizopogon obtectus or Choiromyces venosus

How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison

The short answer

Rhizopogon obtectus and Choiromyces venosus are similar species: Rhizopogon obtectus is edible, while Choiromyces venosus is conditionally edible. The main visible difference: cap color: Rhizopogon obtectus — yellow, brown, cream, Choiromyces venosus — white, cream, yellow. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: cap surface, smell, flesh color change.

Rhizopogon obtectus

Rhizopogon obtectus

EdibleNot reviewed by an editor
Choiromyces venosus (Choiromyces meandriformis)

Choiromyces venosus

Choiromyces meandriformis

Conditionally edibleExpert-verified

📊 Comparing characteristics

Comparison of characteristics: Rhizopogon obtectus and Choiromyces venosus
Edibility class

Rhizopogon obtectus

Edible

Choiromyces venosus

Conditionally edible
Season

Rhizopogon obtectus

SummerAutumn

Choiromyces venosus

SummerAutumn
Use

Rhizopogon obtectus

Cook fresh

Choiromyces venosus

Cook fresh
Size

Rhizopogon obtectus

Small (up to 5 cm)

Choiromyces venosus

Small (up to 5 cm)
Cap color

Rhizopogon obtectus

YellowBrownCream

Choiromyces venosus

WhiteCreamYellow
Cap shape

Rhizopogon obtectus

Irregular

Choiromyces venosus

Irregular
Cap surface

Rhizopogon obtectus

SmoothFibrous

Choiromyces venosus

Smooth
Taste

Rhizopogon obtectus

Mild

Choiromyces venosus

Mild
Smell

Rhizopogon obtectus

Pleasant

Choiromyces venosus

PleasantChemical
Flesh color change

Rhizopogon obtectus

Darkens

Choiromyces venosus

No change
Hymenophore

Rhizopogon obtectus

Chambered

Choiromyces venosus

Chambered
Stem

Rhizopogon obtectus

Absent

Choiromyces venosus

Absent
Ring (veil)

Rhizopogon obtectus

No ring

Choiromyces venosus

No ring
Volva

Rhizopogon obtectus

No volva

Choiromyces venosus

No volva
Substrate

Rhizopogon obtectus

SoilForest litter

Choiromyces venosus

Soil
Nutrition type

Rhizopogon obtectus

Mycorrhizal

Choiromyces venosus

Mycorrhizal
Partner trees

Rhizopogon obtectus

Pine

Choiromyces venosus

OakPineSpruce

📅 Seasonality

Rhizopogon obtectus

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

July – October

Choiromyces venosus

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

August – October

🔬 Morphology

Cap

Rhizopogon obtectus

There is no true cap. The fruiting body is tuber-shaped, round or irregularly round, 1 to 4 centimeters across, resembling a small potato or a truffle. The surface is smooth or covered with fine pressed-down fibers (rhizomorphs), whitish or yellowish at first, turning reddish-brown or olive-yellow with age and where handled. The entire fruiting body is closed, with no openings.

Choiromyces venosus

The fruiting body is an irregular, tuber-like lump, 2–8 cm (sometimes up to 12 cm) across. When young it’s white or cream, with a smooth surface. With age it turns yellowish-brown with reddish-brown blotches. The surface is matte and may wrinkle slightly as it matures.

Hymenophore

Rhizopogon obtectus

There is no hymenophore in the usual sense. The spores ripen inside the closed fruiting body, in a maze-like chambered tissue (the gleba). In young mushrooms it is white and firm; as it matures it turns yellow, then brown and jelly-like, and later powdery. The spore print is olive-brown. A chambered inner tissue with no true pores or gills is a hallmark of the underground rhizopogons.

Choiromyces venosus

The spore-bearing layer is inside — in a young mushroom the “flesh” is uniformly white; as it matures, distinctive labyrinth-like, net-like darker veins develop, running through the white base. Cut open, a mature mushroom shows a striking marbled pattern — which is where the name “meandriformis” comes from (after the meanders of a river).

Stem

Rhizopogon obtectus

There is no distinct stem; the fruiting body is attached to the soil by thin whitish cords (rhizomorphs), especially noticeable at the base. The whole structure is a single solid tuber with no division into cap and stem, which is exactly what sets Rhizopogon apart from the familiar cap-and-stem mushrooms.

Choiromyces venosus

There’s no stem — the fruiting body is hypogeous (underground), fully buried in the soil. It is attached to the substrate by thin mycelial strands.

Flesh

Rhizopogon obtectus

The flesh (gleba) of young mushrooms is white, firm and uniform, with tiny maze-like chambers. This is the only stage at which the mushroom is edible. As it matures, it turns yellow, then brown, becomes jelly-like and unfit to eat. White young flesh in cross-section is your guarantee of edibility; any darkening means the mushroom is overripe.

Choiromyces venosus

In young mushrooms the flesh is solid white, dense and meaty. In mature ones it’s a white base with a network of yellow-brown or grayish veins. The texture resembles a firm cheese.

Smell

Rhizopogon obtectus

The smell is faint, pleasant and mushroomy, becoming stronger and not always pleasant in mature specimens. The aroma is not a defining feature; you recognize this mushroom by its underground lifestyle, its closed tuber-like fruiting body with no cap or stem, and its link to pine.

Choiromyces venosus

The smell is strong and peculiar — like a mix of Camembert cheese, canned mushrooms and raw potato. In fresh specimens it’s pleasant; in overripe ones it becomes sharp and unpleasant. The taste is mild, with a nutty note.

📍 Habitats

Rhizopogon obtectus

Conifer forestMixed forest

Choiromyces venosus

Deciduous forestMixed forest

👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!

❓ Frequently asked questions

Can Rhizopogon obtectus and Choiromyces venosus be mixed up?
Yes, they look so similar that people often mix them up. The cap color, cap surface, smell help tell them apart.
How to tell Rhizopogon obtectus from Choiromyces venosus?
The main differences: cap color: Rhizopogon obtectus — yellow, brown, cream, Choiromyces venosus — white, cream, yellow; cap surface: Rhizopogon obtectus — smooth, fibrous, Choiromyces venosus — smooth; smell: Rhizopogon obtectus — pleasant, Choiromyces venosus — pleasant, chemical. As for edibility: Rhizopogon obtectus is edible, Choiromyces venosus is conditionally edible. The full table of characteristics is higher up on this page.
Is Choiromyces venosus edible?
Choiromyces venosus — conditionally edible.
When do Rhizopogon obtectus and Choiromyces venosus grow?
Rhizopogon obtectus — July–October; Choiromyces venosus — August–October.

Sources

  • [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
  • [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
  • [3]MycoBank Database
  • [4]Index Fungorum
  • [5]GBIF
  • [6]iNaturalist Ukraine