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Slimy spike or Copper spike

How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison

The short answer

Slimy spike and Copper spike are similar species that can be mixed up while foraging. The main visible difference: cap color: Slimy spike — brown, dark brown, grey, Copper spike — brown, orange, red, violet. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: flesh color change, nutrition type, partner trees.

Slimy spike (Gomphidius glutinosus)

Slimy spike

Gomphidius glutinosus

EdibleExpert-verified
Copper spike (Chroogomphus rutilus)

Copper spike

Chroogomphus rutilus

EdibleExpert-verified

📊 Comparing characteristics

Comparison of characteristics: Slimy spike and Copper spike
Edibility class

Slimy spike

Edible

Copper spike

Edible
Season

Slimy spike

SummerAutumn

Copper spike

SummerAutumn
Use

Slimy spike

Cook freshPickling

Copper spike

Cook freshPickling
Size

Slimy spike

Medium (5–15 cm)

Copper spike

Medium (5–15 cm)
Cap color

Slimy spike

BrownDark brownGrey

Copper spike

BrownOrangeRedViolet
Cap shape

Slimy spike

Convex

Copper spike

Convex
Cap surface

Slimy spike

Slimy

Copper spike

Slimy
Taste

Slimy spike

Mild

Copper spike

Mild
Smell

Slimy spike

Pleasant

Copper spike

Pleasant
Flesh color change

Slimy spike

Reddening

Copper spike

Darkens
Hymenophore

Slimy spike

Gilled

Copper spike

Gilled
Stem

Slimy spike

Central

Copper spike

Central
Ring (veil)

Slimy spike

Ring remnants

Copper spike

Ring remnants
Volva

Slimy spike

No volva

Copper spike

No volva
Substrate

Slimy spike

Soil

Copper spike

Soil
Nutrition type

Slimy spike

Parasite

Copper spike

Mycorrhizal
Partner trees

Slimy spike

Spruce

Copper spike

Pine

📅 Seasonality

Slimy spike

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

August – October

Copper spike

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

August – November

🔬 Morphology

Cap

Slimy spike

Cap 4-10 cm across; hemispherical with an inrolled margin when young, later convex to flat with a shallow central depression. Color dark gray-brown, chocolate brown, almost black in wet weather; fading with age to brownish violet with darker spots. Surface very slimy, sticky; the skin peels off easily. Old mushrooms often have dark violet-black spots on the cap.

Copper spike

Cap 4-10 cm across; hemispherical with an inrolled margin when young, later convex with a low central bump. Color coppery reddish brown, brick-colored, with a violet-wine tint, darker and richer when young, fading to brownish ochre with age. Surface slightly slimy in wet weather, dry in dry weather; the skin peels off.

Hymenophore

Slimy spike

Gilled hymenophore; gills decurrent, widely spaced (distant), thick, waxy. In young mushrooms whitish, later darkening to gray-black, almost black because of the dark spore print. Spore print dark brown to black. Decurrent gills plus darkening are the diagnostic features of the genus Gomphidius.

Copper spike

Gilled hymenophore; gills decurrent, distant, waxy, thick. In young mushrooms yellowish to ochre, later darkening to gray-violet-black because of the dark spore print. Spore print dark brown to black. Decurrent gills plus darkening are the diagnostic features of the genus Chroogomphus / Gomphidius.

Stem

Slimy spike

Stem 4-9 cm tall, 1-2 cm thick, cylindrical, thick, fleshy, narrowed at the bottom. Color whitish at the top, with a characteristic bright yellow or lemon-yellow tint at the base: the key diagnostic feature of the species. Above the ring zone (the remains of the veil) it is whitish; below, with fine grayish fibers. A ring zone from a white slimy veil in the upper part, stronger in young mushrooms, indistinct in old ones.

Copper spike

Stem 5-10 cm tall, 1-2 cm thick, thick, fleshy, tapering to a point at the bottom (narrowed at the base). Color yellow-ochre in the upper part, coppery red lower down, matching the cap. Surface with fine lengthwise fibers. A ring zone from the veil in the upper part, faint; may disappear in old mushrooms.

Flesh

Slimy spike

Flesh fleshy, white in the cap, yellowish to yellow in the lower stem. When cut it turns slightly wine-pink in the stem. Smell faint, pleasantly mushroomy with a nutty note. Taste mild, not pronounced.

Copper spike

Flesh fleshy, yellow-ochre in the cap, coppery red in the lower stem. When cut it darkens to violet or wine-red: this is a normal reaction of the species, not a sign of poison. Smell faint, pleasantly mushroomy.

Smell

Slimy spike

Faint, pleasantly mushroomy with a slight nutty or fruity note.

Copper spike

Faint, pleasantly mushroomy, with no distinctive notes.

📍 Habitats

Slimy spike

Conifer forestMixed forest

Copper spike

Conifer forestMixed forest

👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!

❓ Frequently asked questions

Can Slimy spike and Copper spike be mixed up?
Yes, they look so similar that people often mix them up. The cap color, flesh color change, nutrition type help tell them apart.
How to tell Slimy spike from Copper spike?
The main differences: cap color: Slimy spike — brown, dark brown, grey, Copper spike — brown, orange, red, violet; flesh color change: Slimy spike — reddening, Copper spike — darkens; nutrition type: Slimy spike — parasite, Copper spike — mycorrhizal. The full table of characteristics is higher up on this page.
Is Copper spike edible?
Copper spike — edible.
When do Slimy spike and Copper spike grow?
Slimy spike — August–October; Copper spike — August–November.

Sources

  • [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
  • [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
  • [3]MycoBank Database
  • [4]Index Fungorum
  • [5]GBIF
  • [6]iNaturalist Ukraine