Tawny funnel or False chanterelle
Tawny funnel and False chanterelle are similar species: Tawny funnel is conditionally edible, while False chanterelle is inedible. The main visible difference: cap surface: Tawny funnel — smooth, False chanterelle — velvety. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: size.
Not sure? Identify by photoSide by side
| Characteristic | Tawny funnel | False chanterelle |
|---|---|---|
| Season | Tawny funnel: Autumn, Winter | False chanterelle: Summer, Autumn |
| Use | Tawny funnel: Culinary | False chanterelle: Cook fresh |
| Size | Tawny funnel: Medium (5–15 cm) | False chanterelle: Small (up to 5 cm) |
| Cap colour | Tawny funnel: Orange, Rusty, Brown | False chanterelle: Orange, Yellow, Red |
| Cap shape | Tawny funnel: Funnel-shaped, Depressed, Convex | False chanterelle: Funnel-shaped |
| Cap surface | Tawny funnel: Smooth | False chanterelle: Velvety |
| Taste | Tawny funnel: Mild, Bitter | False chanterelle: Mild |
| Smell | Tawny funnel: Pleasant, Odourless | False chanterelle: Odourless |
| Stem | Tawny funnel: Central, Hollow | False chanterelle: Central |
| Substrate | Tawny funnel: Conifer needle litter, Leaf litter, Forest litter, Soil | False chanterelle: Soil, Forest litter, Dead wood |
| Partner trees | Tawny funnel: Pine, Spruce, Fir, Oak, Beech, Hornbeam | False chanterelle: Pine, Spruce |
| Growth habit | Tawny funnel: In groups, In rings | False chanterelle: In groups |
Same in both: edibility class, flesh colour change, hymenophore, nutrition type.
When and where they meet
Together: September–November
Their seasons overlap: September–November. At that time you can find both in the same woods. Shared habitats: conifer forest, mixed forest.
What they look like
Cap, Hymenophore, Stem, Flesh, Smell
Cap
Tawny funnel
The cap is 4–10 cm across, occasionally bigger. Young caps are convex with an inrolled margin, then flatten, sink in the centre and become funnel-shaped, often with a wavy edge and little spouts. Late in the season caps can stay squat, with hardly any dip.
The colour is tawny, orange-brown, brick or reddish brown, and paler, almost yellowish in some specimens. The surface is smooth: shiny in mushrooms from conifer woods, matt and silky in those from broadleaf woods. As it dries the cap fades to buff, and old caps develop darker spots that give a marbled look.
False chanterelle
The cap is 3-8 cm across, convex with an inrolled margin when young, becoming funnel-shaped with a thin wavy margin. It's bright orange, brick-toned, more intense in young mushrooms (orange to orange-red) and paler in old ones, fading to yellow-ochre. The surface is velvety, suede-like, with barely visible fine scales, especially at the centre. In wet weather it's slightly matte, not sticky.
Hymenophore
Tawny funnel
The gills are very crowded and narrow, with many short gills in between, and run far down the stem. They start whitish or cream, turn tawny cream and then brownish in old specimens, but always stay paler than the cap. They don't fork, and they come away from the flesh fairly easily.
The spore print is white to cream, sometimes with a faint pinkish tint. A brown print means it isn't a tawny funnel; the brown rollrim, for example, gives one.
False chanterelle
It has true, crowded gills, not the gill-like ridges of the real chanterelle. They're thin and decurrent, forking again and again but without the cross-veins of the real chanterelle, and orange-yellow, matching the cap. The spore print is white to pale yellow. The key feature that sets it apart from the real chanterelle: if you see distinct thin gills, it's the false chanterelle.
Stem
Tawny funnel
The stem is 3–7 cm tall and 0.5–1.5 cm thick, the same colour as the cap but paler. It's tough, slightly fibrous, and becomes hollow with age.
The base is covered in fluffy white mycelium that binds needles and litter into a clump. There is no ring, no veil remnants and no volva.
False chanterelle
The stem is 2-6 cm tall and 0.5-1.2 cm thick, cylindrical, often curved and slightly thickened toward the base. It's orange-yellow like the cap, smooth, with no ring. The stem flesh is soft and thin, not as dense and springy as the real chanterelle's.
Flesh
Tawny funnel
The flesh is thin, especially in the cap, whitish to pale cream, doesn't change colour when broken and has no milk. The taste is unremarkable, sometimes slightly bitter.
False chanterelle
The flesh is thin, watery, yellowish-cream and brittle, and doesn't change colour when cut. There's no distinct smell. Older ones taste slightly sour.
Smell
Tawny funnel
The smell is faint, sweetish or slightly spicy, and in many specimens barely noticeable. Don't rely on smell to identify it: the toxic look-alike Paralepistopsis amoenolens also smells sweet and floral, only more strongly.
False chanterelle
Faint, neutral and mushroomy, without the characteristic fruity apricot aroma of the real chanterelle. It's a supporting clue, not the main one: the real chanterelle's apricot scent is faint, so check the gills first.
Related comparisons
Sources · 19
- [1]Index Fungorum
- [2]GBIF
- [3]iNaturalist Ukraine
- [4]First Nature, Pat O'Reilly
- [5]MushroomExpert.com, Michael Kuo
- [6]Wikipedia (English)
- [7]Вікіпедія (українська)
- [8]Prylutskyi O. et al. Reference-based checklist of gilled Agaricales from Ukraine. Biodiversity Data Journal, 2023, 11: e99101, Prylutskyi O. et al. (2023)
- [9]Wikigrib: Говорушка перевёрнутая
- [10]Wild Food UK: Tawny Funnel
- [11]Wikipedia (de): Fuchsiger Rötelritterling
- [12]Wikipedia (fr): Clitocybe inversé
- [13]Wikipedia (de): Parfümierter Trichterling
- [14]Saviuc P.F. et al. Erythromelalgia and mushroom poisoning. Journal of Toxicology: Clinical Toxicology, 2001, 39(4): 403–407, Saviuc P.F. et al. (2001)
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- [17]Çolak Ö.F., Kaygusuz O., Battistin E. Paralepistopsis amoenolens, a new record for Turkey. Turkish Journal of Life Sciences, 2017, 2(2): 175–179, Çolak Ö.F., Kaygusuz O., Battistin E. (2017)
- [18]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
- [19]MycoBank Database