Common funnel or Tawny funnel
Common funnel and Tawny funnel are similar species: Common funnel is edible, while Tawny funnel is conditionally edible. The main visible difference: size: Common funnel — small (up to 5 cm), Tawny funnel — medium (5–15 cm).
Not sure? Identify by photoSide by side
| Characteristic | Common funnel | Tawny funnel |
|---|---|---|
| Edibility class | Common funnel: Edible | Tawny funnel: Conditionally edible |
| Season | Common funnel: Summer, Autumn | Tawny funnel: Autumn, Winter |
| Use | Common funnel: Cook fresh, Pickling | Tawny funnel: Culinary |
| Size | Common funnel: Small (up to 5 cm) | Tawny funnel: Medium (5–15 cm) |
| Cap colour | Common funnel: Brown, Cream | Tawny funnel: Orange, Rusty, Brown |
| Cap shape | Common funnel: Funnel-shaped | Tawny funnel: Funnel-shaped, Depressed, Convex |
| Taste | Common funnel: Mild | Tawny funnel: Mild, Bitter |
| Smell | Common funnel: Pleasant, Almond | Tawny funnel: Pleasant, Odourless |
| Stem | Common funnel: Central | Tawny funnel: Central, Hollow |
| Substrate | Common funnel: Soil, Forest litter | Tawny funnel: Conifer needle litter, Leaf litter, Forest litter, Soil |
| Partner trees | Common funnel: Oak, Beech, Hornbeam, Birch, Hazel | Tawny funnel: Pine, Spruce, Fir, Oak, Beech, Hornbeam |
Same in both: cap surface, flesh colour change, hymenophore, nutrition type, growth habit.
When and where they meet
Together: September–November
Their seasons overlap: September–November. At that time you can find both in the same woods. Shared habitats: deciduous forest, mixed forest.
What they look like
Cap, Hymenophore, Stem, Flesh, Smell
Cap
Common funnel
The cap is 3-8 cm across, convex when young, later becoming funnel-shaped with a clearly sunken centre, often with a small blunt bump in the hollow. The colour is pale beige to light tan or pinkish ochre, a little darker in young mushrooms and paler, almost cream, in mature ones. The surface is smooth and silky-matte, and the cap skin is thin.
Tawny funnel
The cap is 4–10 cm across, occasionally bigger. Young caps are convex with an inrolled margin, then flatten, sink in the centre and become funnel-shaped, often with a wavy edge and little spouts. Late in the season caps can stay squat, with hardly any dip.
The colour is tawny, orange-brown, brick or reddish brown, and paler, almost yellowish in some specimens. The surface is smooth: shiny in mushrooms from conifer woods, matt and silky in those from broadleaf woods. As it dries the cap fades to buff, and old caps develop darker spots that give a marbled look.
Hymenophore
Common funnel
The gills are crowded, thin and strongly decurrent, running down the stem. They're whitish to cream, turning cream-ochre with age. The spore print is white to pale cream.
Tawny funnel
The gills are very crowded and narrow, with many short gills in between, and run far down the stem. They start whitish or cream, turn tawny cream and then brownish in old specimens, but always stay paler than the cap. They don't fork, and they come away from the flesh fairly easily.
The spore print is white to cream, sometimes with a faint pinkish tint. A brown print means it isn't a tawny funnel; the brown rollrim, for example, gives one.
Stem
Common funnel
The stem is 3-7 cm tall and 0.5-1 cm thick, cylindrical or slightly thicker toward the base. It's whitish to beige, paler than the cap or matching it, with white mycelial fuzz at the bottom. The surface is smooth or has fine lengthwise fibres. No ring.
Tawny funnel
The stem is 3–7 cm tall and 0.5–1.5 cm thick, the same colour as the cap but paler. It's tough, slightly fibrous, and becomes hollow with age.
The base is covered in fluffy white mycelium that binds needles and litter into a clump. There is no ring, no veil remnants and no volva.
Flesh
Common funnel
The flesh is thin, white to cream, soft and brittle. It doesn't change colour when cut. The taste is mild and not distinctive.
Tawny funnel
The flesh is thin, especially in the cap, whitish to pale cream, doesn't change colour when broken and has no milk. The taste is unremarkable, sometimes slightly bitter.
Smell
Common funnel
Faint and sweetish, often with a hint of bitter almond; some people smell new-mown hay. Sometimes there's hardly any smell at all. The taste is mild and delicate.
Tawny funnel
The smell is faint, sweetish or slightly spicy, and in many specimens barely noticeable. Don't rely on smell to identify it: the toxic look-alike Paralepistopsis amoenolens also smells sweet and floral, only more strongly.
Related comparisons
Sources · 19
- [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
- [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
- [3]MycoBank Database
- [4]Index Fungorum
- [5]GBIF
- [6]iNaturalist Ukraine
- [7]First Nature, Pat O'Reilly
- [8]MushroomExpert.com, Michael Kuo
- [9]Wikipedia (English)
- [10]Prylutskyi O. et al. Reference-based checklist of gilled Agaricales from Ukraine. Biodiversity Data Journal, 2023, 11: e99101, Prylutskyi O. et al. (2023)
- [11]Wikigrib: Говорушка перевёрнутая
- [12]Wild Food UK: Tawny Funnel
- [13]Wikipedia (de): Fuchsiger Rötelritterling
- [14]Wikipedia (fr): Clitocybe inversé
- [15]Wikipedia (de): Parfümierter Trichterling
- [16]Saviuc P.F. et al. Erythromelalgia and mushroom poisoning. Journal of Toxicology: Clinical Toxicology, 2001, 39(4): 403–407, Saviuc P.F. et al. (2001)
- [17]Saviuc P.F. et al. Acute erythermalgia: look for mushrooms! La Revue de Médecine Interne, 2002, 23(4): 394–399, Saviuc P.F. et al. (2002)
- [18]Saviuc P., Danel V. New syndromes in mushroom poisoning. Toxicological Reviews, 2006, 25(3): 199–209, Saviuc P., Danel V. (2006)
- [19]Çolak Ö.F., Kaygusuz O., Battistin E. Paralepistopsis amoenolens, a new record for Turkey. Turkish Journal of Life Sciences, 2017, 2(2): 175–179, Çolak Ö.F., Kaygusuz O., Battistin E. (2017)