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Golden scalycap or Plums and custard

How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison

The short answer

Golden scalycap and Plums and custard are similar species that can be mixed up while foraging. The main visible difference: use: Golden scalycap — cook fresh, pickling, Plums and custard — cook fresh. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: cap color, taste, smell.

Golden scalycap (Pholiota aurivella)

Golden scalycap

Pholiota aurivella

Conditionally edibleExpert-verified
Plums and custard (Tricholomopsis rutilans) turned over: bright yellow gills and a purple scaly cap rim by a stump

Plums and custard

Tricholomopsis rutilans

Conditionally edibleExpert-verified

📊 Comparing characteristics

Comparison of characteristics: Golden scalycap and Plums and custard
Edibility class

Golden scalycap

Conditionally edible

Plums and custard

Conditionally edible
Season

Golden scalycap

SummerAutumn

Plums and custard

SummerAutumn
Use

Golden scalycap

Cook freshPickling

Plums and custard

Cook fresh
Size

Golden scalycap

Medium (5–15 cm)

Plums and custard

Medium (5–15 cm)
Cap color

Golden scalycap

YellowOrangeBrown

Plums and custard

YellowRedViolet
Cap shape

Golden scalycap

Convex

Plums and custard

Convex
Cap surface

Golden scalycap

Scaly

Plums and custard

Scaly
Taste

Golden scalycap

Mild

Plums and custard

Bitter
Smell

Golden scalycap

Pleasant

Plums and custard

Odorless
Flesh color change

Golden scalycap

No change

Plums and custard

No change
Hymenophore

Golden scalycap

Gilled

Plums and custard

Gilled
Stem

Golden scalycap

Central

Plums and custard

Central
Ring (veil)

Golden scalycap

Ring remnants

Plums and custard

No ring
Volva

Golden scalycap

No volva

Plums and custard

No volva
Substrate

Golden scalycap

On woodDead woodLiving tree

Plums and custard

Dead woodOn wood
Nutrition type

Golden scalycap

Saprotroph

Plums and custard

Saprotroph
Partner trees

Golden scalycap

BeechHornbeamAspen

Plums and custard

PineSpruce

📅 Seasonality

Golden scalycap

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

August – November

Plums and custard

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

July – October

🔬 Morphology

Cap

Golden scalycap

Cap 4-12 cm across, hemispherical with an inrolled margin in young mushrooms, becoming convex to almost flat with age. Color: golden-orange, honey-yellow, with darker reddish-brown flattened scales arranged in concentric rings. In wet weather the cap surface is slightly slimy. In young mushrooms the cap margin carries remnants of a whitish veil.

Plums and custard

Cap 4-12 cm across, in young specimens convex with an inrolled margin, becoming with age flattened and spreading, with a slightly wavy margin. The cap skin is golden-yellow, densely covered in tiny red-purple fibrous scales, especially in the center, where the scales can merge into a solid red field. Toward the margin the scales thin out and yellow dominates. In old fruit bodies it is mostly yellow-ochre with rusty spots.

Hymenophore

Golden scalycap

The hymenophore is made of gills — attached to the stem, moderately crowded. When young they are light yellow, darkening with age to rusty brown as the spores ripen. Spore print rusty brown. In young mushrooms the gills are covered by a whitish cobweb-like veil, which tears and leaves a ring-like remnant on the stem.

Plums and custard

Gilled hymenophore — the gills are notched-attached to the stem, crowded, fleshy, distinctly golden-yellow (one of the brightest yellow hymenophores among the knights). Spore print white to cream — a hallmark of the genus Tricholomopsis (not pink, as in Rhodocollybia).

Stem

Golden scalycap

Stem 5-12 cm tall, 0.8-1.5 cm thick, cylindrical, often curved from growing on the vertical surface of a trunk. Color: yellow at the top, dark rusty toward the base. On the stem there is a ring zone from veil remnants (not a true ring, but a zone with scales). Below the ring zone the brown scales are more pronounced.

Plums and custard

Stem 4-8 cm tall, 0.8-2 cm thick, cylindrical, hollow inside in older specimens. Color: yellowish to yellow-orange, the lower part covered in the same red-purple scales as the cap. Surface dry and fibrous. No ring.

Flesh

Golden scalycap

The flesh is firm, yellow, becoming tough in the stem with age. It does not change color when cut. The smell is distinctly mushroomy and pleasant in young specimens. The taste is mild at first, then slightly bitter — the bitterness disappears after boiling.

Plums and custard

Flesh yellowish, thin and cottony in the cap, rather tough in the stem. No noticeable color change when cut. Smell faintly mushroomy, with a note of wood or rotten wood in mature specimens, taste indistinct or bitterish.

Smell

Golden scalycap

Pleasant and mushroomy, with a light nutty or resinous note in young specimens. In old ones — sharper, sour and astringent.

Plums and custard

Faintly mushroomy with woody notes, nothing distinctive. Not sharp.

📍 Habitats

Golden scalycap

Deciduous forestMixed forest

Plums and custard

Conifer forestMixed forest

👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!

❓ Frequently asked questions

Can Golden scalycap and Plums and custard be mixed up?
Yes, they look so similar that people often mix them up. The use, cap color, taste help tell them apart.
How to tell Golden scalycap from Plums and custard?
The main differences: use: Golden scalycap — cook fresh, pickling, Plums and custard — cook fresh; cap color: Golden scalycap — yellow, orange, brown, Plums and custard — yellow, red, violet; taste: Golden scalycap — mild, Plums and custard — bitter. The full table of characteristics is higher up on this page.
Is Plums and custard edible?
Plums and custard — conditionally edible.
When do Golden scalycap and Plums and custard grow?
Golden scalycap — August–November; Plums and custard — July–October.

Sources

  • [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
  • [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
  • [3]MycoBank Database
  • [4]Index Fungorum
  • [5]GBIF
  • [6]iNaturalist Ukraine