Support MycoNote →

MycoNote

Black morel or Morchella steppicola

How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison

The short answer

Black morel and Morchella steppicola are similar species that can be mixed up while foraging. The main visible difference: use: Black morel — culinary, cook fresh, drying, Morchella steppicola — cook fresh, drying. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: size, cap color, cap shape.

Black morel (Morchella conica) held in the palm, close-up of the elongated cap with dark ridges and yellowish pits

Black morel

Morchella conica

Conditionally edibleExpert-verified
Morchella steppicola among grass on blackened burnt ground, a rounded pale ochre cap with brain-like folds

Morchella steppicola

Morchella steppicola

Conditionally edibleExpert-verified

📊 Comparing characteristics

Comparison of characteristics: Black morel and Morchella steppicola
Edibility class

Black morel

Conditionally edible

Morchella steppicola

Conditionally edible
Season

Black morel

Spring

Morchella steppicola

Spring
Use

Black morel

CulinaryCook freshDrying

Morchella steppicola

Cook freshDrying
Size

Black morel

Medium (5–15 cm)

Morchella steppicola

Small (up to 5 cm)
Cap color

Black morel

BrownDark brown

Morchella steppicola

BrownGreyOlive
Cap shape

Black morel

Conical

Morchella steppicola

Irregular
Cap surface

Black morel

—

Morchella steppicola

Cracked
Taste

Black morel

Mild

Morchella steppicola

Mild
Smell

Black morel

Pleasant, mushroomy

Morchella steppicola

Pleasant
Flesh color change

Black morel

No change

Morchella steppicola

No change
Hymenophore

Black morel

Chambered

Morchella steppicola

Chambered
Stem

Black morel

CentralHollow

Morchella steppicola

Central
Ring (veil)

Black morel

No ring

Morchella steppicola

No ring
Volva

Black morel

No volva

Morchella steppicola

No volva
Substrate

Black morel

SoilForest litter

Morchella steppicola

Soil
Nutrition type

Black morel

Saprotroph

Morchella steppicola

Saprotroph
Partner trees

Black morel

AshAspen

Morchella steppicola

—

📅 Seasonality

Black morel

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

April – May

Morchella steppicola

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

March – May

🔬 Morphology

Cap

Black morel

Cap conical or narrowly egg-shaped, 4–8 cm tall and 2–4 cm wide. The surface is covered with elongated lengthwise ridges and cross-ribs that form deep vertical pits. Color from dark brown to blackish on the ridges and gray in the pits.

Morchella steppicola

The fruiting body is compact, with a spherical or egg-shaped to spherical “cap”; the whole fruiting body can reach 15 cm in height, though quite small specimens occur too. The surface is uneven, with a distinct net-like honeycomb pattern of pits and irregular ridges — as in all morels. The color is grayish brown or olive brown, more yellowish in young mushrooms, darker in old ones. The inner cavity is small.

Hymenophore

Black morel

The hymenophore is the same as in the common morel: the spore-bearing layer lines the pits of the cap. The mostly elongated pits run vertically, which distinguishes the black morel from the common morel with its more irregular pits.

Morchella steppicola

The spore-bearing layer lines the pits of the honeycomb pattern on the outer surface. No gills, no tubes — a typical ascomycete of the order Pezizales. Spore print yellowish.

Stem

Black morel

Stem 3–8 cm tall, 1.5–3 cm thick, hollow, cylindrical or slightly ribbed. White or cream. Surface uneven, slightly granular. Cap and stem are hollow and fused together.

Morchella steppicola

The stem is thick and relatively short: 4–9 cm tall and 4–6 cm thick in large specimens, much smaller in small ones. White to cream, with characteristic lengthwise wrinkles and furrows. In mature mushrooms the stem is sometimes hidden in the soil, so only the cap is visible.

Flesh

Black morel

Flesh brittle, waxy, hollow inside. Pale cream. Taste delicate and pleasant after cooking. The raw mushroom is potentially toxic.

Morchella steppicola

The flesh is white, thin, waxy and brittle. Inside the fruiting body there's a hollow, typical of morels. It doesn't change color when cut.

Smell

Black morel

Smell pleasant, subtle, earthy, somewhat like the forest floor in spring. It holds and deepens when stewed. A classic spring woodland aroma.

Morchella steppicola

Smell faint, pleasantly mushroomy, with a note of fresh forest litter. Taste mild, not bitter.

📍 Habitats

Black morel

Deciduous forestMixed forestConifer forest

Morchella steppicola

Meadow

👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!

❓ Frequently asked questions

Can Black morel and Morchella steppicola be mixed up?
Yes, they look so similar that people often mix them up. The use, size, cap color help tell them apart.
How to tell Black morel from Morchella steppicola?
The main differences: use: Black morel — culinary, cook fresh, drying, Morchella steppicola — cook fresh, drying; size: Black morel — medium (5–15 cm), Morchella steppicola — small (up to 5 cm); cap color: Black morel — brown, dark brown, Morchella steppicola — brown, grey, olive. The full table of characteristics is higher up on this page.
Is Morchella steppicola edible?
Morchella steppicola — conditionally edible.
When do Black morel and Morchella steppicola grow?
Black morel — April–May; Morchella steppicola — March–May.

Sources

  • [1]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
  • [2]GBIF
  • [3]Вікіпедія (українська)
  • [4]MycoBank Database
  • [5]Index Fungorum
  • [6]iNaturalist Ukraine