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Pig's ear or Wood hedgehog

How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison

The short answer

Pig's ear and Wood hedgehog are similar species that can be mixed up while foraging. The main visible difference: use: Pig's ear — not eaten, Wood hedgehog — cook fresh, drying, pickling. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: cap color, cap shape, cap surface.

Pig's ear (Gomphus clavatus)

Pig's ear

Gomphus clavatus

EdibleExpert-verified
Wood hedgehog (Hydnum repandum)

Wood hedgehog

Hydnum repandum

EdibleExpert-verified

📊 Comparing characteristics

Comparison of characteristics: Pig's ear and Wood hedgehog
Edibility class

Pig's ear

Edible

Wood hedgehog

Edible
Season

Pig's ear

SummerAutumn

Wood hedgehog

SummerAutumn
Use

Pig's ear

Not eaten

Wood hedgehog

Cook freshDryingPickling
Size

Pig's ear

Medium (5–15 cm)

Wood hedgehog

Medium (5–15 cm)
Cap color

Pig's ear

VioletBrown

Wood hedgehog

CreamYellowOrange
Cap shape

Pig's ear

Funnel-shaped

Wood hedgehog

Irregular
Cap surface

Pig's ear

Smooth

Wood hedgehog

Velvety
Taste

Pig's ear

Mild

Wood hedgehog

Mild
Smell

Pig's ear

Pleasant

Wood hedgehog

Pleasant
Flesh color change

Pig's ear

No change

Wood hedgehog

Yellowing
Hymenophore

Pig's ear

Ridged

Wood hedgehog

Spiny
Stem

Pig's ear

Central

Wood hedgehog

Central
Ring (veil)

Pig's ear

No ring

Wood hedgehog

No ring
Volva

Pig's ear

No volva

Wood hedgehog

No volva
Substrate

Pig's ear

SoilMoss

Wood hedgehog

SoilMossForest litter
Nutrition type

Pig's ear

Mycorrhizal

Wood hedgehog

Mycorrhizal
Partner trees

Pig's ear

SpruceFir

Wood hedgehog

PineSpruceBeechOakFir

📅 Seasonality

Pig's ear

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

July – September

Wood hedgehog

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

August – November

🔬 Morphology

Cap

Pig's ear

Fruiting body funnel-shaped or spatula-like, 4-15 cm tall and wide, with an uneven wavy or deeply cleft edge. It often grows as a cluster of “ears” fused on a common base. Upper surface color: young ones are violet-lilac, turning purplish brown to brown with age; the center is darker, the edge paler. The surface is smooth, faintly shiny in wet weather and matte in dry.

Wood hedgehog

The cap is 4-15 cm across, irregular, with an unevenly wavy margin; convex in young mushrooms, flat and spread out in mature ones, with a lumpy surface and a depressed center. The color is ivory, cream, ochre-yellow to light orange, turning reddish-brown in old mushrooms. The surface is dry and silky-suede, slightly sticky in wet weather. The cap skin is thin and peels easily.

Hymenophore

Pig's ear

The hymenophore is not gilled and not tubed — it consists of folds and wrinkles running down the “stem”, uneven, forked and blunt (like a chanterelle's but coarser). Color violet-lilac to purplish brown, paler than the top of the cap. Spore print yellowish ocher.

Wood hedgehog

The spiny hymenophore is the key diagnostic feature. Under the cap there are densely packed thin, pointed spines 3-6 mm long that break off easily. The spines are white to cream, yellowing with age and turning reddish-ochre in old mushrooms. The spore print is white.

Stem

Pig's ear

There is no separate stem — the fruiting body is one piece, funnel-shaped. The lower part narrows into a sterile base 2-5 cm high, the color of the hymenophore or slightly paler.

Wood hedgehog

The stem is 3-8 cm tall and 1-3 cm thick, cylindrical, often widening toward the base, sometimes eccentric (off-center from the cap). It's white to cream, yellowing slightly where pressed. The surface is smooth, with no ring. The stem flesh is firm, becoming spongy in old mushrooms.

Flesh

Pig's ear

The flesh is whitish to yellowish, firm in young ones, fibrous in old ones. It doesn't change color when cut. It has a pleasant, mild taste.

Wood hedgehog

The flesh is thick, white, firm and brittle. When cut, it slowly turns pale ochre (a slight yellowing). Young mushrooms have a delicate, pleasant nutty flavor; mature ones have a slightly bitter aftertaste that disappears after brief boiling.

Smell

Pig's ear

A faint, pleasant mushroomy smell, sometimes with a fruity note. The taste is mild, with nothing sharp.

Wood hedgehog

A faint, pleasant mushroomy-fruity aroma with a note of fresh nuts. The taste is mild and delicate; slightly bitter in old mushrooms.

📍 Habitats

Pig's ear

Conifer forestMixed forest

Wood hedgehog

Conifer forestDeciduous forestMixed forest

👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!

❓ Frequently asked questions

Can Pig's ear and Wood hedgehog be mixed up?
Yes, they look so similar that people often mix them up. The use, cap color, cap shape help tell them apart.
How to tell Pig's ear from Wood hedgehog?
The main differences: use: Pig's ear — not eaten, Wood hedgehog — cook fresh, drying, pickling; cap color: Pig's ear — violet, brown, Wood hedgehog — cream, yellow, orange; cap shape: Pig's ear — funnel-shaped, Wood hedgehog — irregular. The full table of characteristics is higher up on this page.
Is Wood hedgehog edible?
Wood hedgehog — edible.
When do Pig's ear and Wood hedgehog grow?
Pig's ear — July–September; Wood hedgehog — August–November.

Sources

  • [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
  • [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
  • [3]MycoBank Database
  • [4]Index Fungorum
  • [5]GBIF
  • [6]iNaturalist Ukraine