Sepia bolete or Red cracking bolete
How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison
The short answer
Sepia bolete and Red cracking bolete are similar species that can be mixed up while foraging. The main visible difference: use: Sepia bolete — cook fresh, Red cracking bolete — cook fresh, pickling. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: size, cap color, smell.

Sepia bolete
Xerocomellus porosporus

Red cracking bolete
Xerocomellus chrysenteron
📊 Comparing characteristics
| Characteristic | Sepia bolete | Red cracking bolete |
|---|---|---|
| Edibility class | Sepia bolete Edible | Red cracking bolete Edible |
| Season | Sepia bolete SummerAutumn | Red cracking bolete SummerAutumn |
| Use | Sepia bolete Cook fresh | Red cracking bolete Cook freshPickling |
| Size | Sepia bolete Small (up to 5 cm) | Red cracking bolete Medium (5–15 cm) |
| Cap color | Sepia bolete BrownOliveCream | Red cracking bolete BrownOliveRed |
| Cap shape | Sepia bolete Convex | Red cracking bolete Convex |
| Cap surface | Sepia bolete Cracked | Red cracking bolete Cracked |
| Taste | Sepia bolete Mild | Red cracking bolete Mild |
| Smell | Sepia bolete Odorless | Red cracking bolete Pleasant |
| Flesh color change | Sepia bolete Bluing | Red cracking bolete Bluing |
| Hymenophore | Sepia bolete Pored | Red cracking bolete Pored |
| Stem | Sepia bolete Central | Red cracking bolete Central |
| Ring (veil) | Sepia bolete No ring | Red cracking bolete No ring |
| Volva | Sepia bolete No volva | Red cracking bolete No volva |
| Substrate | Sepia bolete Soil | Red cracking bolete Soil |
| Nutrition type | Sepia bolete Mycorrhizal | Red cracking bolete Mycorrhizal |
| Partner trees | Sepia bolete OakBeechHornbeam | Red cracking bolete OakBeechHornbeamBirchLinden |
📅 Seasonality
Sepia bolete
Fruiting season
July – October
Red cracking bolete
Fruiting season
June – November
🔬 Morphology
Cap
Sepia bolete
Cap up to 8 cm, flat-convex in young mushrooms; in mature ones often with distinctive radial and crosswise cracks on the surface (like the red cracking bolete). The color varies: beige, dull brown, olive, sometimes with a pinkish tint in the cracks. Surface matte, finely fibrous.
Red cracking bolete
Cap 3-10 cm across, hemispherical in young mushrooms, later becoming convex to flat. Color chestnut-brown to olive-brown, darker when young. The surface is velvety; in old mushrooms it typically cracks into polygons with a distinct pinkish-red layer in the cracks — this is the most reliable diagnostic feature of the species. In damp weather it's slightly sticky.
Hymenophore
Sepia bolete
The pore surface is tubular, with a small notch near the stem. Lemon yellow, olive brown in mature ones. Pores small, angular, 0.2–0.5 mm. They quickly turn blue when pressed.
Red cracking bolete
The hymenophore is made of tubes attached to the stem. Color yellow when young, turning yellow-olive with age. The pores are small and stain strongly blue when pressed. Spore print olive-brown.
Stem
Sepia bolete
Stem 3–8 cm tall, 0.5–1.5 cm thick, cylindrical, fragile. Olive yellow at the top, with reddish or orange spots or zones lower down. Darkens to brown at the base.
Red cracking bolete
Stem 5-8 cm tall, 0.8-1.5 cm thick, cylindrical, often thickened toward the base. Color yellow at the top, with a characteristic lengthwise pinkish-red band or zone in the lower half. When cut, it turns blue.
Flesh
Sepia bolete
The flesh is pale lemon yellow in the cap and chrome yellow in the upper stem. It turns blue when cut, especially in the tubes and the stem — this is a normal reaction. The texture is watery, cottony in mature ones.
Red cracking bolete
The flesh is yellow in the cap, soft and watery, and in the lower part of the stem has a pinkish-red zone. When cut, it turns blue (within 30-60 sec). The smell is faintly mushroomy.
Smell
Sepia bolete
The smell is faint, mushroomy, with no distinct notes. The taste is mild, neutral and watery.
Red cracking bolete
Faint, pleasant and mushroomy, with no distinct notes.
📍 Habitats
Sepia bolete
Red cracking bolete
👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!
❓ Frequently asked questions
Can Sepia bolete and Red cracking bolete be mixed up?
How to tell Sepia bolete from Red cracking bolete?
Is Red cracking bolete edible?
When do Sepia bolete and Red cracking bolete grow?
Sources
- [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
- [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
- [3]MycoBank Database
- [4]Index Fungorum
- [5]GBIF
- [6]iNaturalist Ukraine