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Volvariella hypopithys or False death cap

How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison

The short answer

Volvariella hypopithys and False death cap are similar species: Volvariella hypopithys is unknown, while False death cap is inedible. The main visible difference: size: Volvariella hypopithys — small (up to 5 cm), False death cap — medium (5–15 cm). The mushrooms also differ in the following features: cap color, smell, stem.

False death cap (Amanita citrina)

False death cap

Amanita citrina

InedibleExpert-verified

📊 Comparing characteristics

Comparison of characteristics: False death cap and Volvariella hypopithys
Edibility class

False death cap

Inedible

Volvariella hypopithys

Unknown
Season

False death cap

SummerAutumn

Volvariella hypopithys

SummerAutumn
Use

False death cap

Not eaten

Volvariella hypopithys

Not eaten
Size

False death cap

Medium (5–15 cm)

Volvariella hypopithys

Small (up to 5 cm)
Cap color

False death cap

YellowCream

Volvariella hypopithys

White
Cap shape

False death cap

Convex

Volvariella hypopithys

Convex
Cap surface

False death cap

Smooth

Volvariella hypopithys

Smooth
Taste

False death cap

Unknown

Volvariella hypopithys

Unknown
Smell

False death cap

Radish-like

Volvariella hypopithys

Odorless
Flesh color change

False death cap

No change

Volvariella hypopithys

No change
Hymenophore

False death cap

Gilled

Volvariella hypopithys

Gilled
Stem

False death cap

Bulbous

Volvariella hypopithys

Central
Ring (veil)

False death cap

Ring present

Volvariella hypopithys

No ring
Volva

False death cap

Volva present

Volvariella hypopithys

Volva present
Substrate

False death cap

Soil

Volvariella hypopithys

Forest litterSoil
Nutrition type

False death cap

Mycorrhizal

Volvariella hypopithys

Saprotroph
Partner trees

False death cap

OakBeechHornbeamBirch

Volvariella hypopithys

PineSpruce

📅 Seasonality

False death cap

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

August – October

Volvariella hypopithys

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

June – September

🔬 Morphology

Cap

False death cap

Cap 5-10 cm across, hemispherical in young mushrooms, becoming convex-flat with age. Color pale yellow, lemon-citrine, creamy yellow, slightly darker in the center. Surface smooth, slightly slimy in wet weather. The cap often carries large whitish or grayish membranous patches — remnants of the universal veil (volva) that stuck to it as it grew. The cap margin is smooth.

Volvariella hypopithys

Cap 2-3.5 cm, bell-shaped at first, then flattened with a small umbo in the center. White, with a matte, silky surface. Sometimes with fine radial fibers. The margin is thin and slightly torn in mature mushrooms.

Hymenophore

False death cap

Gilled hymenophore — gills white, free (not attached to the stem), moderately crowded. Spore print white.

Volvariella hypopithys

Gilled hymenophore. Gills free (not attached to the stem), moderately spaced. White at first, turning brownish-pink with age from the color of the spores. Spore print pink or pinkish-brown — typical of the genus.

Stem

False death cap

Stem 6-10 cm tall, 1-1.5 cm thick, cylindrical, with a pronounced bulbous base (like an onion bulb). Color white to yellowish. In the upper part — a white membranous ring. At the base — a volva forming a rim on the bulb (not a sac, as in the destroying angel).

Volvariella hypopithys

Stem 3-5 cm tall, 2-4 mm thick, slender, cylindrical, white, smooth. No ring. At the base there's a dense white volva hugging the stem tightly, like a little sac.

Flesh

False death cap

Flesh white to pale yellow. When cut, it does not change color. Smell distinct, with a note of raw potato or radish — a diagnostic feature of the species.

Volvariella hypopithys

The flesh is thin, white and delicate. It doesn't change color when cut. The texture is very fragile — the mushroom breaks at the slightest touch.

Smell

False death cap

A distinct potato-and-radish smell, with notes of raw potato, radish or a damp cellar. It comes out when you rub the flesh between your fingers. The most important diagnostic feature of the species.

Volvariella hypopithys

No distinct smell, faintly mushroomy. Indistinct taste. Don't taste it — its edibility is unknown.

📍 Habitats

False death cap

Deciduous forestMixed forest

Volvariella hypopithys

Conifer forestMixed forest

👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!

❓ Frequently asked questions

Can Volvariella hypopithys and False death cap be mixed up?
Yes, they look so similar that people often mix them up. The size, cap color, smell help tell them apart.
How to tell Volvariella hypopithys from False death cap?
The main differences: size: Volvariella hypopithys — small (up to 5 cm), False death cap — medium (5–15 cm); cap color: Volvariella hypopithys — white, False death cap — yellow, cream; smell: Volvariella hypopithys — odorless, False death cap — radish-like. As for edibility: Volvariella hypopithys is unknown, False death cap is inedible. The full table of characteristics is higher up on this page.
Is False death cap edible?
False death cap — inedible.
When do Volvariella hypopithys and False death cap grow?
Volvariella hypopithys — June–September; False death cap — August–October.

Sources

  • [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
  • [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
  • [3]MycoBank Database
  • [4]Index Fungorum
  • [5]GBIF
  • [6]iNaturalist Ukraine