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Larch woodwax or Olive wax cap

How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison

The short answer

Larch woodwax and Olive wax cap are similar species that can be mixed up while foraging. The main visible difference: season: Larch woodwax — autumn, Olive wax cap — summer, autumn. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: size, cap color, cap shape.

Larch woodwax (Hygrophorus lucorum)

Larch woodwax

Hygrophorus lucorum

EdibleExpert-verified
Olive wax cap (Hygrophorus olivaceoalbus)

Olive wax cap

Hygrophorus olivaceoalbus

EdibleNot reviewed by an editor

📊 Comparing characteristics

Comparison of characteristics: Larch woodwax and Olive wax cap
Edibility class

Larch woodwax

Edible

Olive wax cap

Edible
Season

Larch woodwax

Autumn

Olive wax cap

SummerAutumn
Use

Larch woodwax

Cook fresh

Olive wax cap

Cook fresh
Size

Larch woodwax

Small (up to 5 cm)

Olive wax cap

Medium (5–15 cm)
Cap color

Larch woodwax

YellowOrange

Olive wax cap

OliveBrownGrey
Cap shape

Larch woodwax

Convex

Olive wax cap

ConvexUmbonate
Cap surface

Larch woodwax

Slimy

Olive wax cap

Slimy
Taste

Larch woodwax

Mild

Olive wax cap

Mild
Smell

Larch woodwax

Odorless

Olive wax cap

Pleasant
Flesh color change

Larch woodwax

No change

Olive wax cap

No change
Hymenophore

Larch woodwax

Gilled

Olive wax cap

Gilled
Stem

Larch woodwax

Central

Olive wax cap

Central
Ring (veil)

Larch woodwax

No ring

Olive wax cap

Ring remnants
Volva

Larch woodwax

No volva

Olive wax cap

No volva
Substrate

Larch woodwax

SoilForest litter

Olive wax cap

SoilMoss
Nutrition type

Larch woodwax

Mycorrhizal

Olive wax cap

Mycorrhizal
Partner trees

Larch woodwax

Larch

Olive wax cap

SpruceFirPine

📅 Seasonality

Larch woodwax

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

September – November

Olive wax cap

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

August – October

🔬 Morphology

Cap

Larch woodwax

Cap 2-5 cm, hemispherical at first, then flattened-convex with a small umbo. Color: bright lemon yellow, sometimes slightly orange at the center. The surface is slimy in wet weather — a thick layer of slime. In dry weather it dries out, turning glossy and waxy yellow.

Olive wax cap

The cap of the olive wax cap reaches 3 to 8, occasionally up to 12 centimeters across. When young it is hemispherical or convex with an inrolled margin; with age it flattens out, usually with a small bump (umbo) in the center. The surface is very slimy and sticky, especially in wet weather. The color is olive-brown, gray-olive or dark brown, with darker radial fibrous streaks spreading from the center; the margin is paler. The slimy, streaked olive cap is a recognizable feature of the species.

Hymenophore

Larch woodwax

Gilled hymenophore. The gills are widely spaced, thick, and decurrent (a typical feature of the genus). White or cream at first, turning yellowish with age. Spore print white.

Olive wax cap

The spore-bearing surface is made of gills. The gills are thick, widely spaced and waxy to the touch, attached to the stem or running slightly down it (decurrent). They are pure white, sometimes with a faint grayish tint near the base. The spore print is white. Thick, waxy, decurrent white gills are a typical hallmark of the Hygrophorus genus.

Stem

Larch woodwax

Stem 4-6 cm tall, 0.5-1 cm thick, cylindrical. Whitish or pale lemon yellow, with yellow scales or granules. Paler at the top, a more intense yellow toward the base. The surface is moist or slimy. No ring.

Olive wax cap

The stem is cylindrical, 4 to 12 centimeters tall and white. Its defining feature is its slimy coating: above a ring-like zone the stem is white and dry, while below it is covered with a sticky layer with dark gray-olive bands and scales arranged in tiers, like snakeskin. This pattern makes the species easy to recognize. There is no volva, and no true ring either — only a slimy ring zone remains.

Flesh

Larch woodwax

The flesh is white, under the yellow skin — intensely yellow. Thin and tender. Hardly changes color when cut. Firm texture, not watery.

Olive wax cap

The flesh is white and firm, waxy in the cap, and does not change color when cut. The taste is mild, without bitterness, but generally bland. Because of the slimy cap skin and mediocre taste, the mushroom is only moderately valued for the table; people choose young, firm specimens and peel the sticky skin off the cap.

Smell

Larch woodwax

Smell faint, barely mushroomy, with no sharp notes. Taste mild, pleasantly mushroomy, not bitter.

Olive wax cap

The smell is faint, pleasant or nearly indistinct, with no sharp notes. Aroma is not a defining feature, so for identification rely on the slimy, streaked olive cap, the white waxy gills, the banded slimy stem and its growth next to spruce.

📍 Habitats

Larch woodwax

Conifer forest

Olive wax cap

Conifer forestMixed forest

👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!

❓ Frequently asked questions

Can Larch woodwax and Olive wax cap be mixed up?
Yes, they look so similar that people often mix them up. The season, size, cap color help tell them apart.
How to tell Larch woodwax from Olive wax cap?
The main differences: season: Larch woodwax — autumn, Olive wax cap — summer, autumn; size: Larch woodwax — small (up to 5 cm), Olive wax cap — medium (5–15 cm); cap color: Larch woodwax — yellow, orange, Olive wax cap — olive, brown, grey. The full table of characteristics is higher up on this page.
Is Olive wax cap edible?
Olive wax cap — edible.
When do Larch woodwax and Olive wax cap grow?
Larch woodwax — September–November; Olive wax cap — August–October.

Sources

  • [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
  • [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
  • [3]MycoBank Database
  • [4]Index Fungorum
  • [5]GBIF
  • [6]iNaturalist Ukraine