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Charbonnier or Soapy knight

How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison

The short answer

Charbonnier and Soapy knight are similar species: Charbonnier is edible, while Soapy knight is inedible. The main visible difference: season: Charbonnier — autumn, Soapy knight — summer, autumn. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: use, cap color, cap shape.

Soapy knight (Tricholoma saponaceum)

Soapy knight

Tricholoma saponaceum

InedibleExpert-verified
Charbonnier (Tricholoma portentosum)

Charbonnier

Tricholoma portentosum

EdibleExpert-verified

📊 Comparing characteristics

Comparison of characteristics: Soapy knight and Charbonnier
Edibility class

Soapy knight

Inedible

Charbonnier

Edible
Season

Soapy knight

SummerAutumn

Charbonnier

Autumn
Use

Soapy knight

Not eaten

Charbonnier

Cook freshPicklingDrying
Size

Soapy knight

Medium (5–15 cm)

Charbonnier

Medium (5–15 cm)
Cap color

Soapy knight

GreyOliveBrown

Charbonnier

GreyVioletOlive
Cap shape

Soapy knight

Convex

Charbonnier

Umbonate
Cap surface

Soapy knight

Smooth

Charbonnier

Fibrous
Taste

Soapy knight

Bitter

Charbonnier

Mild
Smell

Soapy knight

Chemical

Charbonnier

FlouryPleasant
Flesh color change

Soapy knight

Reddening

Charbonnier

No change
Hymenophore

Soapy knight

Gilled

Charbonnier

Gilled
Stem

Soapy knight

Central

Charbonnier

Central
Ring (veil)

Soapy knight

No ring

Charbonnier

No ring
Volva

Soapy knight

No volva

Charbonnier

No volva
Substrate

Soapy knight

Soil

Charbonnier

Soil
Nutrition type

Soapy knight

Mycorrhizal

Charbonnier

Mycorrhizal
Partner trees

Soapy knight

BeechOakHornbeamSpruce

Charbonnier

PineSpruce

📅 Seasonality

Soapy knight

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

August – November

Charbonnier

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

October – November

🔬 Morphology

Cap

Soapy knight

Cap 5-12 cm across, when young convex with an inrolled margin, becoming with age flattened-expanded with a small bump. The skin is smooth, slightly slimy in wet weather, dry and matte in dry weather. Color: very variable — gray-white, olive-gray, greenish-gray, brownish-gray, in some forms almost black in the center. Old fruiting bodies have small cracks.

Charbonnier

Cap 5-12 cm across, when young bell-shaped or convex-conical, becoming with age flat-convex with a low, broad bump in the center. The skin is smooth, slightly slimy in wet weather, dry and matte in dry weather. Color: gray-violet, gray-greenish, olive-gray, darker in the center, with distinct fine dark radial fibrous streaks — a diagnostic feature. The margin is even, slightly wavy in old caps, inrolled in young ones.

Hymenophore

Soapy knight

Gilled hymenophore — the gills are notched (sinuate) where they attach to the stem, moderately crowded, fleshy. When young they are whitish, becoming with age creamy-grayish, often turning pink when damaged. Spore print white.

Charbonnier

Gilled hymenophore — the gills are notched (sinuate) where they attach to the stem, moderately crowded, fleshy. When young they are whitish with a faint yellowish tinge, becoming with age creamy-yellowish, especially toward the edge. The yellowish tone of the gills is a diagnostic feature. Spore print white.

Stem

Soapy knight

Stem 5-10 cm tall, 1-2.5 cm thick, firm, cylindrical, thickening toward the base when young. Color: whitish to grayish; pinkish-red spots often appear when damaged — a diagnostic feature. Surface smooth with lengthwise fibers. No ring.

Charbonnier

Stem 5-10 cm tall, 1.5-2.5 cm thick, firm, fleshy, cylindrical. Color: whitish with a characteristic yellowish tinge, especially toward the base. Surface smooth with fine lengthwise fibers. No ring.

Flesh

Soapy knight

Flesh firm, white, develops pinkish-red spots when cut or pressed, especially in the lower part of the stem — a characteristic reaction and an important diagnostic. Smell distinctly soapy (laundry soap), taste soapy-bitterish, unpleasant.

Charbonnier

Flesh firm, white in the cap, white with a yellowish tinge in the stem. Does not change color when cut — it does not turn pink (unlike T. saponaceum) and does not darken. Smell distinctly mealy-cucumber, taste mild, pleasantly mushroomy with a hint of flour, no bitterness.

Smell

Soapy knight

Distinctly soapy — reminiscent of laundry or toilet soap. A diagnostic feature, especially clear when cut and in mature fruiting bodies.

Charbonnier

A distinct, pleasant mealy-cucumber smell — like freshly ground flour with a note of fresh cucumbers. A diagnostic feature, clear when you cut it.

📍 Habitats

Soapy knight

Deciduous forestMixed forest

Charbonnier

Conifer forestMixed forest

👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!

❓ Frequently asked questions

Can Charbonnier and Soapy knight be mixed up?
Yes, they look so similar that people often mix them up. The season, use, cap color help tell them apart.
How to tell Charbonnier from Soapy knight?
The main differences: season: Charbonnier — autumn, Soapy knight — summer, autumn; use: Charbonnier — cook fresh, pickling, drying, Soapy knight — not eaten; cap color: Charbonnier — grey, violet, olive, Soapy knight — grey, olive, brown. As for edibility: Charbonnier is edible, Soapy knight is inedible. The full table of characteristics is higher up on this page.
Is Soapy knight edible?
Soapy knight — inedible.
When do Charbonnier and Soapy knight grow?
Charbonnier — October–November; Soapy knight — August–November.

Sources

  • [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
  • [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
  • [3]MycoBank Database
  • [4]Index Fungorum
  • [5]GBIF
  • [6]iNaturalist Ukraine