Bare-toothed russula or Charcoal burner
How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison
The short answer
Bare-toothed russula and Charcoal burner are similar species that can be mixed up while foraging. The main visible difference: cap color: Bare-toothed russula — pink, red, cream, Charcoal burner — violet, olive, brown. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: flesh color change, partner trees.

Bare-toothed russula
Russula vesca

Charcoal burner
Russula cyanoxantha
📊 Comparing characteristics
| Characteristic | Bare-toothed russula | Charcoal burner |
|---|---|---|
| Edibility class | Bare-toothed russula Edible | Charcoal burner Edible |
| Season | Bare-toothed russula SummerAutumn | Charcoal burner SummerAutumn |
| Use | Bare-toothed russula Cook freshPicklingDrying | Charcoal burner Cook freshPicklingDrying |
| Size | Bare-toothed russula Medium (5–15 cm) | Charcoal burner Medium (5–15 cm) |
| Cap color | Bare-toothed russula PinkRedCream | Charcoal burner VioletOliveBrown |
| Cap shape | Bare-toothed russula Depressed | Charcoal burner Depressed |
| Cap surface | Bare-toothed russula Smooth | Charcoal burner Smooth |
| Taste | Bare-toothed russula Mild | Charcoal burner Mild |
| Smell | Bare-toothed russula Pleasant | Charcoal burner Pleasant |
| Flesh color change | Bare-toothed russula Reddening | Charcoal burner No change |
| Hymenophore | Bare-toothed russula Gilled | Charcoal burner Gilled |
| Stem | Bare-toothed russula Central | Charcoal burner Central |
| Ring (veil) | Bare-toothed russula No ring | Charcoal burner No ring |
| Volva | Bare-toothed russula No volva | Charcoal burner No volva |
| Substrate | Bare-toothed russula Soil | Charcoal burner Soil |
| Nutrition type | Bare-toothed russula Mycorrhizal | Charcoal burner Mycorrhizal |
| Partner trees | Bare-toothed russula OakBeechBirchHornbeam | Charcoal burner BeechOakHornbeamBirchSpruce |
📅 Seasonality
Bare-toothed russula
Fruiting season
July – October
Charcoal burner
Fruiting season
July – October
🔬 Morphology
Cap
Bare-toothed russula
Cap 5-10 cm across, when young convex with an inrolled margin, with age becoming flattened with a slightly depressed center. The cap skin is smooth, slimy-sticky in wet weather, dry and matte in dry weather, peels back 1/3-2/3 of the way to the center, distinctly shorter than the gill edges (the telltale trait — a "toothed fringe" visible from under the skin). Color: flesh-pink, skin-pink, wine-reddish-cream, with an ochre-cream tinge toward the margin, deeper at the center. Old fruiting bodies are creamy ochre-pink and faded.
Charcoal burner
Cap 5-15 cm across, when young hemispherical, with age becoming flattened with a slightly depressed center. The cap skin is smooth, slimy in wet weather, dry and matte in dry weather, peeling 2/3 of the way to the center. Color very variable — violet-blue, green-gray, olive-violet, brownish violet with yellow patches. In a single cluster of fruiting bodies you'll often see caps in different shades. Deeper in the center, paler toward the margin, with fine radial grooves.
Hymenophore
Bare-toothed russula
Gilled hymenophore — the gills are attached or free from the stem, moderately crowded, thin, brittle. Color: pure white to creamy white, with no pink or yellow tinge. Spore print white.
Charcoal burner
Gilled hymenophore — gills adnate or free from the stem, partly forked near the stem, moderately crowded. UNIQUE FEATURE: the gills are flexible and springy and don't break when pressed — run your finger over them and they bend and spring back (unlike all other brittlegills, whose gills are brittle and crumbly). Color pure white to creamy white. Spore print white.
Stem
Bare-toothed russula
Stem 3-7 cm tall, 1.5-3 cm thick, firm, fleshy, cylindrical, with a small cavity in old specimens. Color: white to cream, often with a faint pink or rusty tinge where damaged, with fine browning spots toward the base. Surface smooth with fine lengthwise wrinkles. No ring, no volva — the crucial difference from amanitas.
Charcoal burner
Stem 5-10 cm tall, 1.5-3 cm thick, firm, fleshy, cylindrical, with a small cavity in old specimens. Color white to cream, sometimes with a faint violet tinge toward the base. Surface smooth with fine lengthwise wrinkles. No ring, no volva.
Flesh
Bare-toothed russula
Flesh firm, brittle, white, when damaged slowly takes on a pale pink or cream tinge. Smell faint, pleasant, mushroomy-fruity, taste mild, sweetish and nutty (the tongue test confirms it — no burning at all).
Charcoal burner
Flesh firm, fleshy, pure white, does not change color when cut — a characteristic of the species. Smell faint, pleasant, fruity-mushroomy, taste mild, sweetish and nutty, with no bitterness or acridity.
Smell
Bare-toothed russula
Faint, pleasant, fruity-mushroomy, neutral.
Charcoal burner
Faint, pleasant, fruity-mushroomy, neutral.
📍 Habitats
Bare-toothed russula
Charcoal burner
👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!
Charcoal burner
EdibleRussula integra
EdibleBlusher
Conditionally edibleGreencracked brittlegill
EdibleCopper brittlegill
EdiblePinkmottle woodwax
EdibleGilded brittlegill
EdibleRosy brittlegill
EdibleDeath cap
Deadly poisonousBare-toothed russula
EdibleGreasy green brittlegill
EdibleGreen brittlegill
EdibleRussula brunneoviolacea
Edible❓ Frequently asked questions
Can Bare-toothed russula and Charcoal burner be mixed up?
How to tell Bare-toothed russula from Charcoal burner?
Is Charcoal burner edible?
When do Bare-toothed russula and Charcoal burner grow?
Sources
- [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
- [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
- [3]MycoBank Database
- [4]Index Fungorum
- [5]GBIF
- [6]iNaturalist Ukraine