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Ruby bolete or Red cracking bolete

How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison

The short answer

Ruby bolete and Red cracking bolete are similar species that can be mixed up while foraging. The main visible difference: size: Ruby bolete — small (up to 5 cm), Red cracking bolete — medium (5–15 cm). The mushrooms also differ in the following features: cap color, cap surface, partner trees.

📊 Comparing characteristics

Comparison of characteristics: Ruby bolete and Red cracking bolete
Edibility class

Ruby bolete

Edible

Red cracking bolete

Edible
Season

Ruby bolete

SummerAutumn

Red cracking bolete

SummerAutumn
Use

Ruby bolete

Cook freshPickling

Red cracking bolete

Cook freshPickling
Size

Ruby bolete

Small (up to 5 cm)

Red cracking bolete

Medium (5–15 cm)
Cap color

Ruby bolete

RedBrown

Red cracking bolete

BrownOliveRed
Cap shape

Ruby bolete

Convex

Red cracking bolete

Convex
Cap surface

Ruby bolete

Velvety

Red cracking bolete

Cracked
Taste

Ruby bolete

Mild

Red cracking bolete

Mild
Smell

Ruby bolete

Pleasant

Red cracking bolete

Pleasant
Flesh color change

Ruby bolete

Bluing

Red cracking bolete

Bluing
Hymenophore

Ruby bolete

Pored

Red cracking bolete

Pored
Stem

Ruby bolete

Central

Red cracking bolete

Central
Ring (veil)

Ruby bolete

No ring

Red cracking bolete

No ring
Volva

Ruby bolete

No volva

Red cracking bolete

No volva
Substrate

Ruby bolete

Soil

Red cracking bolete

Soil
Nutrition type

Ruby bolete

Mycorrhizal

Red cracking bolete

Mycorrhizal
Partner trees

Ruby bolete

OakBeechHornbeam

Red cracking bolete

OakBeechHornbeamBirchLinden

📅 Seasonality

Ruby bolete

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

June – October

Red cracking bolete

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

June – November

🔬 Morphology

Cap

Ruby bolete

Cap 3-7 cm across, hemispherical in young mushrooms, later becoming convex to flat. Color bright red, raspberry-red, carmine, richer when young, fading to brownish-red with age. The surface is velvety and dry, slightly sticky in damp weather. In old mushrooms it often cracks into polygons, revealing a yellow layer under the skin (not red, as in the red cracking bolete).

Red cracking bolete

Cap 3-10 cm across, hemispherical in young mushrooms, later becoming convex to flat. Color chestnut-brown to olive-brown, darker when young. The surface is velvety; in old mushrooms it typically cracks into polygons with a distinct pinkish-red layer in the cracks — this is the most reliable diagnostic feature of the species. In damp weather it's slightly sticky.

Hymenophore

Ruby bolete

The hymenophore is made of tubes attached to the stem. Color yellow when young, turning yellow-olive with age. The pores are small and stain strongly blue when pressed. Spore print olive-brown.

Red cracking bolete

The hymenophore is made of tubes attached to the stem. Color yellow when young, turning yellow-olive with age. The pores are small and stain strongly blue when pressed. Spore print olive-brown.

Stem

Ruby bolete

Stem 4-7 cm tall, 0.8-1.5 cm thick, cylindrical, often thickening toward the base. Color yellow at the top, with distinct reddish-brown lengthwise streaks and a delicate reddish fibrous net in the lower half. In old mushrooms the stem is redder.

Red cracking bolete

Stem 5-8 cm tall, 0.8-1.5 cm thick, cylindrical, often thickened toward the base. Color yellow at the top, with a characteristic lengthwise pinkish-red band or zone in the lower half. When cut, it turns blue.

Flesh

Ruby bolete

The flesh is thin, soft and yellow, and in the lower part of the stem with a noticeable bright yellow or yellow-orange spot when cut lengthwise — a diagnostic feature of the species. When cut, it stains strongly blue (within 30-60 sec).

Red cracking bolete

The flesh is yellow in the cap, soft and watery, and in the lower part of the stem has a pinkish-red zone. When cut, it turns blue (within 30-60 sec). The smell is faintly mushroomy.

Smell

Ruby bolete

Faint, pleasant and mushroomy, with no distinct notes.

Red cracking bolete

Faint, pleasant and mushroomy, with no distinct notes.

📍 Habitats

Ruby bolete

Deciduous forestMixed forest

Red cracking bolete

Deciduous forestMixed forest

👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!

❓ Frequently asked questions

Can Ruby bolete and Red cracking bolete be mixed up?
Yes, they look so similar that people often mix them up. The size, cap color, cap surface help tell them apart.
How to tell Ruby bolete from Red cracking bolete?
The main differences: size: Ruby bolete — small (up to 5 cm), Red cracking bolete — medium (5–15 cm); cap color: Ruby bolete — red, brown, Red cracking bolete — brown, olive, red; cap surface: Ruby bolete — velvety, Red cracking bolete — cracked. The full table of characteristics is higher up on this page.
Is Red cracking bolete edible?
Red cracking bolete — edible.
When do Ruby bolete and Red cracking bolete grow?
Ruby bolete — June–October; Red cracking bolete — June–November.

Sources

  • [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
  • [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
  • [3]MycoBank Database
  • [4]Index Fungorum
  • [5]GBIF
  • [6]iNaturalist Ukraine