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Stump puffball or Brown puffball

How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison

The short answer

Stump puffball and Brown puffball are similar species that can be mixed up while foraging. The main visible difference: use: Stump puffball — cook fresh, drying, Brown puffball — cook fresh. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: cap color, cap shape, cap surface.

Stump puffball (Lycoperdon pyriforme)

Stump puffball

Lycoperdon pyriforme

EdibleExpert-verified
Brown puffball (Bovista nigrescens)

Brown puffball

Bovista nigrescens

EdibleExpert-verified

📊 Comparing characteristics

Comparison of characteristics: Stump puffball and Brown puffball
Edibility class

Stump puffball

Edible

Brown puffball

Edible
Season

Stump puffball

SummerAutumn

Brown puffball

SummerAutumn
Use

Stump puffball

Cook freshDrying

Brown puffball

Cook fresh
Size

Stump puffball

Small (up to 5 cm)

Brown puffball

Small (up to 5 cm)
Cap color

Stump puffball

WhiteCreamBrown

Brown puffball

WhiteCreamBrownBlack
Cap shape

Stump puffball

Irregular

Brown puffball

Convex
Cap surface

Stump puffball

Scaly

Brown puffball

Smooth
Taste

Stump puffball

Mild

Brown puffball

Mild
Smell

Stump puffball

Pleasant

Brown puffball

Odorless
Flesh color change

Stump puffball

Yellowing

Brown puffball

No change
Hymenophore

Stump puffball

Chambered

Brown puffball

Chambered
Stem

Stump puffball

Central

Brown puffball

Absent
Ring (veil)

Stump puffball

No ring

Brown puffball

No ring
Volva

Stump puffball

No volva

Brown puffball

No volva
Substrate

Stump puffball

Dead wood

Brown puffball

Soil
Nutrition type

Stump puffball

Saprotroph

Brown puffball

Saprotroph
Partner trees

Stump puffball

BirchAspenOakPine

Brown puffball

—

📅 Seasonality

Stump puffball

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

June – November

Brown puffball

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

July – November

🔬 Morphology

Cap

Stump puffball

Fruit body pear-shaped or inverted-egg-shaped, 2-5 cm tall, 1.5-3.5 cm wide at the top. The upper (fertile) part is a rounded head; the lower (sterile) part is a narrowed “stem” 1-2 cm long. Color: young ones are white, cream, turning yellowish-brown to dark brown with age. The surface is covered with small warts and scales that rub off over time. In mature specimens the top dies back, exposing the olive spore mass.

Brown puffball

The fruiting body is a round or slightly flattened "ball" 3–6 cm across, with no stem. The outer surface of a young mushroom is smooth, white or cream. In mature ones it flakes off in small scales, exposing the dark inner wall. Old ones are entirely dark purple-brown or almost black.

Hymenophore

Stump puffball

The hymenophore is internal (gleba). The young gleba is white, firm and uniform. With age it turns yellow, then green, and becomes a dark olive powdery spore mass. Spore print dark olive-brown.

Brown puffball

The spore-bearing layer is internal — it fills the whole inside of the fruiting body. In young ones it is a solid, dense white tissue (the gleba). In mature ones it turns into a powdery dark spore mass. The spores are olive-brown, with thin little tails.

Stem

Stump puffball

There is no separate stem — the fruit body is all one piece. The lower sterile part is a “stem” 1-2 cm tall, white and scaly, passing into whitish rhizomorphs (mycelial cords) that anchor the mushroom to the wood.

Brown puffball

There is no stem. The fruiting body is attached to the soil by a short mycelial cord that often breaks — and mature mushrooms can then roll about in the wind, scattering spores through an opening at the top.

Flesh

Stump puffball

flesh in young ones is white, uniform, soft, with a delicate flavor. With age it turns yellow, then green, and becomes a spore mass. Check before cooking: if the cut shows uniform white — it's good; any other color — throw it away.

Brown puffball

The gleba (inner tissue) is white, springy and delicately textured in young specimens. As it ripens it takes on a yellowish-gray tint — at this stage the mushroom is no longer edible. In old ones it turns into a dry dark powder (the spore mass).

Smell

Stump puffball

Faint, pleasant mushroomy smell. Mild taste with a subtle nutty note.

Brown puffball

The smell is faint, barely mushroomy; in young ones it recalls fresh egg-white batter. The taste is mild and neutral, slightly nutty in some specimens.

📍 Habitats

Stump puffball

Deciduous forestMixed forestConifer forest

Brown puffball

Deciduous forestMixed forest

👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!

❓ Frequently asked questions

Can Stump puffball and Brown puffball be mixed up?
Yes, they look so similar that people often mix them up. The use, cap color, cap shape help tell them apart.
How to tell Stump puffball from Brown puffball?
The main differences: use: Stump puffball — cook fresh, drying, Brown puffball — cook fresh; cap color: Stump puffball — white, cream, brown, Brown puffball — white, cream, brown, black; cap shape: Stump puffball — irregular, Brown puffball — convex. The full table of characteristics is higher up on this page.
Is Brown puffball edible?
Brown puffball — edible.
When do Stump puffball and Brown puffball grow?
Stump puffball — June–November; Brown puffball — July–November.

Sources

  • [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
  • [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
  • [3]MycoBank Database
  • [4]Index Fungorum
  • [5]GBIF
  • [6]iNaturalist Ukraine