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How to tell Plums and custard from Sulphur tuft

How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison

Warning: Sulphur tuft(Hypholoma fasciculare)

The short answer

Plums and custard and Sulphur tuft look alike, so they're easy to mix up — but Plums and custard is conditionally edible, while Sulphur tuft is poisonous. The main visible difference: season: Plums and custard — summer, autumn, Sulphur tuft — spring, summer, autumn. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: use, size, cap color. If you have even the slightest doubt, leave the mushroom be.

Sulphur tuft (Hypholoma fasciculare)

Sulphur tuft

Hypholoma fasciculare

PoisonousExpert-verified
Plums and custard (Tricholomopsis rutilans) turned over: bright yellow gills and a purple scaly cap rim by a stump

Plums and custard

Tricholomopsis rutilans

Conditionally edibleExpert-verified

📊 Comparing characteristics

⚠ Highlighted rows are the key differences between the edible and the dangerous mushroom

Comparison of characteristics: Sulphur tuft and Plums and custard
⚠ Edibility class

Sulphur tuft

Poisonous

Plums and custard

Conditionally edible
⚠ Season

Sulphur tuft

SpringSummerAutumn

Plums and custard

SummerAutumn
⚠ Use

Sulphur tuft

Not eaten

Plums and custard

Cook fresh
⚠ Size

Sulphur tuft

Small (up to 5 cm)

Plums and custard

Medium (5–15 cm)
⚠ Cap color

Sulphur tuft

YellowOlive

Plums and custard

YellowRedViolet
⚠ Cap shape

Sulphur tuft

ConvexFlat

Plums and custard

Convex
⚠ Cap surface

Sulphur tuft

Smooth

Plums and custard

Scaly
Taste

Sulphur tuft

Bitter

Plums and custard

Bitter
⚠ Smell

Sulphur tuft

Unpleasant

Plums and custard

Odorless
Flesh color change

Sulphur tuft

No change

Plums and custard

No change
Hymenophore

Sulphur tuft

Gilled

Plums and custard

Gilled
⚠ Stem

Sulphur tuft

CentralHollow

Plums and custard

Central
Ring (veil)

Sulphur tuft

No ring

Plums and custard

No ring
Volva

Sulphur tuft

No volva

Plums and custard

No volva
⚠ Substrate

Sulphur tuft

Dead wood

Plums and custard

Dead woodOn wood
Nutrition type

Sulphur tuft

Saprotroph

Plums and custard

Saprotroph
⚠ Partner trees

Sulphur tuft

OakBirchPineSpruce

Plums and custard

PineSpruce

📅 Seasonality

Sulphur tuft

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

May – November

Plums and custard

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

July – October

🔬 Morphology

Cap

Sulphur tuft

Cap 2–7 cm across, conical or bell-shaped in young mushrooms, then flattened. Sulphur yellow or egg-yolk yellow, often orange-brown in the center. Surface smooth, moist, without scales. Margin uneven, in young mushrooms joined to the stem by a cobwebby veil.

Plums and custard

Cap 4-12 cm across, in young specimens convex with an inrolled margin, becoming with age flattened and spreading, with a slightly wavy margin. The cap skin is golden-yellow, densely covered in tiny red-purple fibrous scales, especially in the center, where the scales can merge into a solid red field. Toward the margin the scales thin out and yellow dominates. In old fruit bodies it is mostly yellow-ochre with rusty spots.

Hymenophore

Sulphur tuft

Gills crowded, yellow or yellow-green at first, then darkening to gray-green or brownish olive — this is the key feature that distinguishes it from the edible honey fungus (whose gills are whitish or cream). Spore print purplish brown.

Plums and custard

Gilled hymenophore — the gills are notched-attached to the stem, crowded, fleshy, distinctly golden-yellow (one of the brightest yellow hymenophores among the knights). Spore print white to cream — a hallmark of the genus Tricholomopsis (not pink, as in Rhodocollybia).

Stem

Sulphur tuft

Stem thin, 4–10 cm tall, 0.4–0.8 cm thick, yellowish in the upper part, brownish or rusty below, fibrous. No ring, or a faint fibrous ring that soon disappears — the lack of a distinct ring sets it apart from honey fungus.

Plums and custard

Stem 4-8 cm tall, 0.8-2 cm thick, cylindrical, hollow inside in older specimens. Color: yellowish to yellow-orange, the lower part covered in the same red-purple scales as the cap. Surface dry and fibrous. No ring.

Flesh

Sulphur tuft

Flesh yellowish, thin, bitter-tasting — very bitter when raw. But cooking removes the bitterness while the toxins remain, so in a finished dish the mushroom won't give itself away.

Plums and custard

Flesh yellowish, thin and cottony in the cap, rather tough in the stem. No noticeable color change when cut. Smell faintly mushroomy, with a note of wood or rotten wood in mature specimens, taste indistinct or bitterish.

Smell

Sulphur tuft

Smell mushroomy but indistinct, so it is of little help in identification.

Plums and custard

Faintly mushroomy with woody notes, nothing distinctive. Not sharp.

📍 Habitats

Sulphur tuft

Deciduous forestMixed forestConifer forest

Plums and custard

Conifer forestMixed forest

👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!

❓ Frequently asked questions

Can Plums and custard and Sulphur tuft be mixed up?
Yes. These species look alike, and Sulphur tuft is poisonous, so a mistake is dangerous. Pay attention to the season, use, size.
How to tell Plums and custard from Sulphur tuft?
The main differences: season: Plums and custard — summer, autumn, Sulphur tuft — spring, summer, autumn; use: Plums and custard — cook fresh, Sulphur tuft — not eaten; size: Plums and custard — medium (5–15 cm), Sulphur tuft — small (up to 5 cm). As for edibility: Plums and custard is conditionally edible, Sulphur tuft is poisonous. The full table of characteristics is higher up on this page.
Which is more dangerous — Plums and custard or Sulphur tuft?
More dangerous: Sulphur tuft, which is poisonous. Plums and custard is conditionally edible. If you have even the slightest doubt, don't pick the mushroom.
Is Sulphur tuft edible?
Sulphur tuft — poisonous. It must not be picked or eaten.
When do Plums and custard and Sulphur tuft grow?
Plums and custard — July–October; Sulphur tuft — May–November.

Sources

  • [1]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
  • [2]GBIF
  • [3]Вікіпедія (українська)
  • [4]MycoBank Database
  • [5]Index Fungorum
  • [6]iNaturalist Ukraine