How to tell Plums and custard from Sulphur tuft
How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison
Warning: Sulphur tuft(Hypholoma fasciculare)
POISONOUS
Eating it causes poisoning. Do not pick it unless you have identified it with certainty.
Causes severe gastrointestinal poisoning; in rare severe cases liver damage and death have been described. Which compound (fasciculols, fasciculic acids, muscarine) is responsible for poisoning in humans has not been established. Symptoms appear after a few hours, from 3 to 10 depending on the source.
If you suspect poisoning, call an ambulance immediately: 112 (the European emergency number) or your local emergency number
The short answer
Plums and custard and Sulphur tuft look alike, so they're easy to mix up — but Plums and custard is conditionally edible, while Sulphur tuft is poisonous. The main visible difference: season: Plums and custard — summer, autumn, Sulphur tuft — spring, summer, autumn. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: use, size, cap color. If you have even the slightest doubt, leave the mushroom be.

Sulphur tuft
Hypholoma fasciculare

Plums and custard
Tricholomopsis rutilans
📊 Comparing characteristics
⚠ Highlighted rows are the key differences between the edible and the dangerous mushroom
| Characteristic | Sulphur tuft | Plums and custard |
|---|---|---|
| ⚠ Edibility class | Sulphur tuft Poisonous | Plums and custard Conditionally edible |
| ⚠ Season | Sulphur tuft SpringSummerAutumn | Plums and custard SummerAutumn |
| ⚠ Use | Sulphur tuft Not eaten | Plums and custard Cook fresh |
| ⚠ Size | Sulphur tuft Small (up to 5 cm) | Plums and custard Medium (5–15 cm) |
| ⚠ Cap color | Sulphur tuft YellowOlive | Plums and custard YellowRedViolet |
| ⚠ Cap shape | Sulphur tuft ConvexFlat | Plums and custard Convex |
| ⚠ Cap surface | Sulphur tuft Smooth | Plums and custard Scaly |
| Taste | Sulphur tuft Bitter | Plums and custard Bitter |
| ⚠ Smell | Sulphur tuft Unpleasant | Plums and custard Odorless |
| Flesh color change | Sulphur tuft No change | Plums and custard No change |
| Hymenophore | Sulphur tuft Gilled | Plums and custard Gilled |
| ⚠ Stem | Sulphur tuft CentralHollow | Plums and custard Central |
| Ring (veil) | Sulphur tuft No ring | Plums and custard No ring |
| Volva | Sulphur tuft No volva | Plums and custard No volva |
| ⚠ Substrate | Sulphur tuft Dead wood | Plums and custard Dead woodOn wood |
| Nutrition type | Sulphur tuft Saprotroph | Plums and custard Saprotroph |
| ⚠ Partner trees | Sulphur tuft OakBirchPineSpruce | Plums and custard PineSpruce |
📅 Seasonality
Sulphur tuft
Fruiting season
May – November
Plums and custard
Fruiting season
July – October
🔬 Morphology
Cap
Sulphur tuft
Cap 2–7 cm across, conical or bell-shaped in young mushrooms, then flattened. Sulphur yellow or egg-yolk yellow, often orange-brown in the center. Surface smooth, moist, without scales. Margin uneven, in young mushrooms joined to the stem by a cobwebby veil.
Plums and custard
Cap 4-12 cm across, in young specimens convex with an inrolled margin, becoming with age flattened and spreading, with a slightly wavy margin. The cap skin is golden-yellow, densely covered in tiny red-purple fibrous scales, especially in the center, where the scales can merge into a solid red field. Toward the margin the scales thin out and yellow dominates. In old fruit bodies it is mostly yellow-ochre with rusty spots.
Hymenophore
Sulphur tuft
Gills crowded, yellow or yellow-green at first, then darkening to gray-green or brownish olive — this is the key feature that distinguishes it from the edible honey fungus (whose gills are whitish or cream). Spore print purplish brown.
Plums and custard
Gilled hymenophore — the gills are notched-attached to the stem, crowded, fleshy, distinctly golden-yellow (one of the brightest yellow hymenophores among the knights). Spore print white to cream — a hallmark of the genus Tricholomopsis (not pink, as in Rhodocollybia).
Stem
Sulphur tuft
Stem thin, 4–10 cm tall, 0.4–0.8 cm thick, yellowish in the upper part, brownish or rusty below, fibrous. No ring, or a faint fibrous ring that soon disappears — the lack of a distinct ring sets it apart from honey fungus.
Plums and custard
Stem 4-8 cm tall, 0.8-2 cm thick, cylindrical, hollow inside in older specimens. Color: yellowish to yellow-orange, the lower part covered in the same red-purple scales as the cap. Surface dry and fibrous. No ring.
Flesh
Sulphur tuft
Flesh yellowish, thin, bitter-tasting — very bitter when raw. But cooking removes the bitterness while the toxins remain, so in a finished dish the mushroom won't give itself away.
Plums and custard
Flesh yellowish, thin and cottony in the cap, rather tough in the stem. No noticeable color change when cut. Smell faintly mushroomy, with a note of wood or rotten wood in mature specimens, taste indistinct or bitterish.
Smell
Sulphur tuft
Smell mushroomy but indistinct, so it is of little help in identification.
Plums and custard
Faintly mushroomy with woody notes, nothing distinctive. Not sharp.
📍 Habitats
Sulphur tuft
Plums and custard
👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!
❓ Frequently asked questions
Can Plums and custard and Sulphur tuft be mixed up?
How to tell Plums and custard from Sulphur tuft?
Which is more dangerous — Plums and custard or Sulphur tuft?
Is Sulphur tuft edible?
When do Plums and custard and Sulphur tuft grow?
Sources
- [1]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
- [2]GBIF
- [3]Вікіпедія (українська)
- [4]MycoBank Database
- [5]Index Fungorum
- [6]iNaturalist Ukraine