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How to tell Clouded funnel from Frosty funnel

How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison

Warning: Frosty funnel(Clitocybe phyllophila)

The short answer

Clouded funnel and Frosty funnel look alike, so they're easy to mix up — but Clouded funnel is conditionally edible, while Frosty funnel is poisonous. The main visible difference: season: Clouded funnel — autumn, Frosty funnel — summer, autumn. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: use, size, cap color. If you have even the slightest doubt, leave the mushroom be.

Clouded funnel (Clitocybe nebularis)

Clouded funnel

Clitocybe nebularis

Conditionally edibleExpert-verified
Frosty funnel (Clitocybe phyllophila)

Frosty funnel

Clitocybe phyllophila

PoisonousExpert-verified

📊 Comparing characteristics

⚠ Highlighted rows are the key differences between the edible and the dangerous mushroom

Comparison of characteristics: Clouded funnel and Frosty funnel
⚠ Edibility class

Clouded funnel

Conditionally edible

Frosty funnel

Poisonous
⚠ Season

Clouded funnel

Autumn

Frosty funnel

SummerAutumn
⚠ Use

Clouded funnel

Cook freshPickling

Frosty funnel

Not eaten
⚠ Size

Clouded funnel

Large (over 15 cm)

Frosty funnel

Small (up to 5 cm)
⚠ Cap color

Clouded funnel

GreyBrown

Frosty funnel

WhiteCreamPink
⚠ Cap shape

Clouded funnel

Convex

Frosty funnel

Funnel-shaped
Cap surface

Clouded funnel

Smooth

Frosty funnel

Smooth
Taste

Clouded funnel

Mild

Frosty funnel

Mild
Smell

Clouded funnel

Floury

Frosty funnel

Floury
Flesh color change

Clouded funnel

No change

Frosty funnel

No change
Hymenophore

Clouded funnel

Gilled

Frosty funnel

Gilled
Stem

Clouded funnel

Central

Frosty funnel

Central
Ring (veil)

Clouded funnel

No ring

Frosty funnel

No ring
Volva

Clouded funnel

No volva

Frosty funnel

No volva
Substrate

Clouded funnel

SoilForest litter

Frosty funnel

SoilForest litter
Nutrition type

Clouded funnel

Saprotroph

Frosty funnel

Saprotroph
⚠ Partner trees

Clouded funnel

OakBeechSpruceBirch

Frosty funnel

OakBeechHornbeamBirch

📅 Seasonality

Clouded funnel

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

October – November

Frosty funnel

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

August – November

🔬 Morphology

Cap

Clouded funnel

The cap is large: 8-20 cm across, hemispherical to convex in young mushrooms, with an inrolled margin, later flattening out with a small bump in the center. The color is smoky gray, mouse-gray, darker in wet weather and lighter in dry weather. The surface is silky-matte, with a thin whitish bloom (as if dusted with flour). The cap margin is often wavy and curled downward.

Frosty funnel

Cap 3-7 cm across, convex when young, becoming funnel-shaped over time, with a depressed center and a thin wavy margin. Color whitish to cream, with a pale pink or ochre tint in the center and a characteristic silky, waxy sheen. Slightly sticky in wet weather, matte when dry.

Hymenophore

Clouded funnel

The underside has gills. The gills are crowded, thin, decurrent down the stem. Whitish to cream, turning cream-ochre with age. The spore print is white to pale cream. The gills detach easily from the cap — a characteristic feature of the genus.

Frosty funnel

Gilled hymenophore. Gills crowded, thin, decurrent down the stem. Color whitish to cream, taking on a pale pink tint with age. Spore print white to pale pinkish-cream.

Stem

Clouded funnel

The stem is sturdy: 5-10 cm tall, 2-4 cm thick, cylindrical or thickening toward the base. White to dirty grayish-cream. The surface is lengthwise fibrous, with white mycelial fuzz at the base. No ring. The stem flesh is firm, becoming hollow with age.

Frosty funnel

Stem 3-6 cm tall, 0.4-1 cm thick, cylindrical, often thickening toward the base. Color whitish to cream, with white mycelial fuzz at the base. Surface smooth, no ring.

Flesh

Clouded funnel

The flesh is thick and white, firm in young mushrooms and looser in old ones. It doesn't change color when cut. It has a distinct mealy smell and a mild taste.

Frosty funnel

Flesh thin, white, soft. Does not change color when cut. It has a pleasant sweetish smell and a mild taste — as with other poisonous Clitocybe, the lack of any unpleasant smell makes it all the more treacherous.

Smell

Clouded funnel

Strongly mealy, with a hint of cucumber — typical of the species. In old mushrooms it's sourish and unpleasant. The smell is so distinctive that it's used as a diagnostic feature for identification in the field.

Frosty funnel

Sweetish, pleasant. Raises no suspicion. Taste mild. Don't rely on smell or taste for identification — they give no hint of toxicity.

📍 Habitats

Clouded funnel

Deciduous forestConifer forestMixed forest

Frosty funnel

Deciduous forestMixed forest

👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!

❓ Frequently asked questions

Can Clouded funnel and Frosty funnel be mixed up?
Yes. These species look alike, and Frosty funnel is poisonous, so a mistake is dangerous. Pay attention to the season, use, size.
How to tell Clouded funnel from Frosty funnel?
The main differences: season: Clouded funnel — autumn, Frosty funnel — summer, autumn; use: Clouded funnel — cook fresh, pickling, Frosty funnel — not eaten; size: Clouded funnel — large (over 15 cm), Frosty funnel — small (up to 5 cm). As for edibility: Clouded funnel is conditionally edible, Frosty funnel is poisonous. The full table of characteristics is higher up on this page.
Which is more dangerous — Clouded funnel or Frosty funnel?
More dangerous: Frosty funnel, which is poisonous. Clouded funnel is conditionally edible. If you have even the slightest doubt, don't pick the mushroom.
Is Frosty funnel edible?
Frosty funnel — poisonous. It must not be picked or eaten.
When do Clouded funnel and Frosty funnel grow?
Clouded funnel — October–November; Frosty funnel — August–November.

Sources

  • [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
  • [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
  • [3]MycoBank Database
  • [4]Index Fungorum
  • [5]GBIF
  • [6]iNaturalist Ukraine