How to tell The miller from Ivory funnel
How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison
Warning: Ivory funnel(Clitocybe dealbata)
POISONOUS
Eating it causes poisoning. Do not pick it unless you have identified it with certainty.
Toxin: muscarine in high concentration. Symptoms begin 15-60 minutes after eating (fast). Classic muscarinic syndrome (PSL): profuse salivation (by the liter), sweating that soaks through clothing, tearing, runny nose, constricted pupils (miosis), bronchospasm with a feeling of suffocation, bradycardia down to 30-40 bpm, low blood pressure, intestinal cramps, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting. In severe cases — collapse, pulmonary edema, risk of cardiac arrest. The antidote is atropine (in hospital, under ECG monitoring). If you suspect poisoning — call 112 or your local emergency number immediately. Keep the mushroom remains and vomit. The prognosis is good with prompt treatment (1-2 hours); without help it is potentially dangerous.
If you suspect poisoning, call an ambulance immediately: 112 (the European emergency number) or your local emergency number
The short answer
The miller and Ivory funnel look alike, so they're easy to mix up — but The miller is edible, while Ivory funnel is poisonous. The main visible difference: use: The miller — cook fresh, pickling, Ivory funnel — not eaten. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: substrate. If you have even the slightest doubt, leave the mushroom be.

Ivory funnel
Clitocybe dealbata

The miller
Clitopilus prunulus
📊 Comparing characteristics
⚠ Highlighted rows are the key differences between the edible and the dangerous mushroom
| Characteristic | Ivory funnel | The miller |
|---|---|---|
| ⚠ Edibility class | Ivory funnel Poisonous | The miller Edible |
| Season | Ivory funnel SummerAutumn | The miller SummerAutumn |
| ⚠ Use | Ivory funnel Not eaten | The miller Cook freshPickling |
| Size | Ivory funnel Small (up to 5 cm) | The miller Small (up to 5 cm) |
| Cap color | Ivory funnel WhiteCream | The miller WhiteCream |
| Cap shape | Ivory funnel Funnel-shaped | The miller Funnel-shaped |
| Cap surface | Ivory funnel Smooth | The miller Smooth |
| Taste | Ivory funnel Mild | The miller Mild |
| Smell | Ivory funnel Floury | The miller Floury |
| Flesh color change | Ivory funnel No change | The miller No change |
| Hymenophore | Ivory funnel Gilled | The miller Gilled |
| Stem | Ivory funnel Central | The miller Central |
| Ring (veil) | Ivory funnel No ring | The miller No ring |
| Volva | Ivory funnel No volva | The miller No volva |
| ⚠ Substrate | Ivory funnel Soil | The miller SoilForest litter |
| Nutrition type | Ivory funnel Saprotroph | The miller Saprotroph |
| ⚠ Partner trees | Ivory funnel — | The miller OakBeechHornbeamBirch |
📅 Seasonality
Ivory funnel
Fruiting season
August – November
The miller
Fruiting season
June – October
🔬 Morphology
Cap
Ivory funnel
Cap 2-5 cm across, convex when young, becoming funnel-shaped over time, with a depressed center and a thin wavy margin. Color whitish, cream, with pale gray or ochre patches; silky-sheened in wet weather, chalky white when dry. Surface smooth, with barely visible radial streaks.
The miller
Cap 3-10 cm across; hemispherical in young mushrooms, later becoming convex-flat to funnel-shaped with a thin, wavy margin. Color white to cream, with a faint grayish-pink tint in old specimens. Surface smooth, dryish, slightly sticky in wet weather. The cap margin is thin.
Hymenophore
Ivory funnel
Gilled hymenophore. Gills crowded, thin, decurrent down the stem (a hallmark of the genus Clitocybe). Color whitish to cream. Spore print white.
The miller
Gilled hymenophore — the gills are running down the stem (decurrent), crowded, thin. In young mushrooms — whitish, with age they become pink from the ripened pink spores. Spore print PINK — it narrows things down to a few genera, but it doesn't separate the miller from the livid pinkgill, whose print is pink too. Most gilled mushrooms have a white or brown spore print — a pink one tells you it's either the miller or an Entoloma.
Stem
Ivory funnel
Stem 2-4 cm tall, 0.3-0.8 cm thick, slender, cylindrical, often curved. Color whitish to cream, with white mycelial fuzz at the base. Surface smooth, no ring. Stem flesh firm.
The miller
Stem 3-7 cm tall, 0.7-1.5 cm thick, cylindrical, relatively short, often tapering toward the base. Color white to cream. Surface with fine lengthwise fibers. No ring and no volva.
Flesh
Ivory funnel
Flesh thin, white, watery, brittle. Does not change color when cut. It has a faint, pleasant smell (slightly sweet, or mealy according to some guides) and a mild taste — and that is what makes this species so treacherous: it smells and tastes "right", nothing sets off alarm bells.
The miller
Flesh firm, white, when cut it doesn't change color. Smell distinctly mealy — like raw dough or freshly milled grain — the most characteristic feature of the species.
Smell
Ivory funnel
Faint and indistinct, slightly sweet; some guides describe it as mealy. This adds to the danger: the smell raises no suspicion. Never rely on smell when identifying mushrooms of this size.
The miller
Distinctly mealy and pleasant, like raw dough or freshly milled grain (Russian sources call it "the smell of cucumber flour"). Fresh, not rancid — this sets it apart from the livid pinkgill, whose smell is also mealy, but with a sour or rancid note.
📍 Habitats
Ivory funnel
The miller
👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!
❓ Frequently asked questions
Can The miller and Ivory funnel be mixed up?
How to tell The miller from Ivory funnel?
Which is more dangerous — The miller or Ivory funnel?
Is Ivory funnel edible?
When do The miller and Ivory funnel grow?
Sources
- [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
- [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
- [3]MycoBank Database
- [4]Index Fungorum
- [5]GBIF
- [6]iNaturalist Ukraine