How to tell Oak bolete from Devil's bolete
How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison
Warning: Devil's bolete(Rubroboletus satanas)
POISONOUS
Eating it causes poisoning. Do not pick it unless you have identified it with certainty.
Causes severe gastroenteritis even after cooking. Symptoms within 1–6 h: vomiting, bloody diarrhea, dehydration.
If you suspect poisoning, call an ambulance immediately: 112 (the European emergency number) or your local emergency number
The short answer
Oak bolete and Devil's bolete look alike, so they're easy to mix up — but Oak bolete is edible, while Devil's bolete is poisonous. The main visible difference: cap color: Oak bolete — brown, yellow, Devil's bolete — grey, white. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: cap surface, taste, smell. If you have even the slightest doubt, leave the mushroom be.

Oak bolete
Butyriboletus appendiculatus

Devil's bolete
Rubroboletus satanas
📊 Comparing characteristics
⚠ Highlighted rows are the key differences between the edible and the dangerous mushroom
| Characteristic | Oak bolete | Devil's bolete |
|---|---|---|
| ⚠ Edibility class | Oak bolete Edible | Devil's bolete Poisonous |
| Season | Oak bolete SummerAutumn | Devil's bolete SummerAutumn |
| Use | Oak bolete Not eaten | Devil's bolete Not eaten |
| Size | Oak bolete Large (over 15 cm) | Devil's bolete Large (over 15 cm) |
| ⚠ Cap color | Oak bolete BrownYellow | Devil's bolete GreyWhite |
| Cap shape | Oak bolete Convex | Devil's bolete Convex |
| ⚠ Cap surface | Oak bolete Smooth | Devil's bolete Dry |
| ⚠ Taste | Oak bolete Mild | Devil's bolete Neutral taste |
| ⚠ Smell | Oak bolete Pleasant | Devil's bolete PutridUnpleasant |
| Flesh color change | Oak bolete Bluing | Devil's bolete Bluing |
| Hymenophore | Oak bolete Pored | Devil's bolete Pored |
| ⚠ Stem | Oak bolete Bulbous | Devil's bolete CentralBulbous |
| Ring (veil) | Oak bolete No ring | Devil's bolete No ring |
| Volva | Oak bolete No volva | Devil's bolete No volva |
| Substrate | Oak bolete Soil | Devil's bolete Soil |
| Nutrition type | Oak bolete Mycorrhizal | Devil's bolete Mycorrhizal |
| Partner trees | Oak bolete OakBeechHornbeam | Devil's bolete OakBeechHornbeam |
📅 Seasonality
Oak bolete
Fruiting season
June – October
Devil's bolete
Fruiting season
June – September
🔬 Morphology
Cap
Oak bolete
Cap 6–20 cm, hemispherical in young mushrooms, then flat-convex to cushion-shaped. The color varies: brown, yellow-brown, olive-brown, darker in the center. The surface is dry, slightly sticky in wet weather; in mature mushrooms it may crack finely into soft patches.
Devil's bolete
Cap 8–30 cm across, massive, globular in young mushrooms, then cushion-shaped. Surface dry, matte, pale gray or grayish ocher, with no bright coloring — it contrasts with the red pores. In old mushrooms the cap is often blotchy.
Hymenophore
Oak bolete
The spore-bearing surface is made of tubes, with a slight notch near the stem. The color is rich yellow (a buttery yellow — hence the genus name "butyri"). The pores are small and round. When pressed they may turn slightly blue, especially in mature mushrooms.
Devil's bolete
Pored hymenophore. Pores bright red or blood-red — the mushroom's most noticeable feature. When pressed they turn blue very intensely and quickly. Tubes yellow or yellow-green near the stem.
Stem
Oak bolete
Stem 5–15 cm tall, 2–6 cm thick. Thicker near the top; toward the base it sometimes tapers or has a cone-shaped "appendage" (hence appendiculatus). Yellow in color, with a barely visible fine net in the upper part, sometimes with reddish-brown spots at the base.
Devil's bolete
Stem 5–15 cm tall, 4–10 cm thick, massive, globular or barrel-shaped. Covered with a characteristic bright red net pattern on a yellow background — especially in the upper part. Turns blue when pressed.
Flesh
Oak bolete
The flesh is buttery yellow, very firm in young mushrooms, softer in mature ones. When cut it may slowly turn blue, especially in the tubes and the upper part of the stem. At the stem base it sometimes has a pink or reddish-brown tint.
Devil's bolete
Flesh yellowish, very firm, heavy. Turns blue in a flash when cut — the reaction comes within 3–5 seconds and is far more intense than in edible bluing species. In old mushrooms the flesh has an unpleasant smell.
Smell
Oak bolete
The smell is pleasant, mushroomy-nutty, with a faint note of fresh forest berries. The taste is mild and earthy, with no bitterness — some sources describe it as "buttery nuttiness".
Devil's bolete
In young mushrooms the smell is unobtrusive or absent. In mature mushrooms it is rather unpleasant, rotten or ammonia-like, especially noticeable in hot weather. The smell gets stronger when dried.
📍 Habitats
Oak bolete
Devil's bolete
👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!
❓ Frequently asked questions
Can Oak bolete and Devil's bolete be mixed up?
How to tell Oak bolete from Devil's bolete?
Which is more dangerous — Oak bolete or Devil's bolete?
Is Devil's bolete edible?
When do Oak bolete and Devil's bolete grow?
Sources
- [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
- [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
- [3]MycoBank Database
- [4]Index Fungorum
- [5]GBIF
- [6]iNaturalist Ukraine