How to tell Royal bolete from Devil's bolete
How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison
Warning: Devil's bolete(Rubroboletus satanas)
POISONOUS
Eating it causes poisoning. Do not pick it unless you have identified it with certainty.
Causes severe gastroenteritis even after cooking. Symptoms within 1–6 h: vomiting, bloody diarrhea, dehydration.
If you suspect poisoning, call an ambulance immediately: 112 (the European emergency number) or your local emergency number
The short answer
Royal bolete and Devil's bolete look alike, so they're easy to mix up — but Royal bolete is edible, while Devil's bolete is poisonous. The main visible difference: cap color: Royal bolete — pink, red, Devil's bolete — grey, white. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: cap surface, taste, smell. If you have even the slightest doubt, leave the mushroom be.

Royal bolete
Butyriboletus regius

Devil's bolete
Rubroboletus satanas
📊 Comparing characteristics
⚠ Highlighted rows are the key differences between the edible and the dangerous mushroom
| Characteristic | Royal bolete | Devil's bolete |
|---|---|---|
| ⚠ Edibility class | Royal bolete Edible | Devil's bolete Poisonous |
| Season | Royal bolete SummerAutumn | Devil's bolete SummerAutumn |
| Use | Royal bolete Not eaten | Devil's bolete Not eaten |
| Size | Royal bolete Large (over 15 cm) | Devil's bolete Large (over 15 cm) |
| ⚠ Cap color | Royal bolete PinkRed | Devil's bolete GreyWhite |
| Cap shape | Royal bolete Convex | Devil's bolete Convex |
| ⚠ Cap surface | Royal bolete Smooth | Devil's bolete Dry |
| ⚠ Taste | Royal bolete Mild | Devil's bolete Neutral taste |
| ⚠ Smell | Royal bolete Pleasant | Devil's bolete PutridUnpleasant |
| ⚠ Flesh color change | Royal bolete No change | Devil's bolete Bluing |
| Hymenophore | Royal bolete Pored | Devil's bolete Pored |
| ⚠ Stem | Royal bolete Bulbous | Devil's bolete CentralBulbous |
| Ring (veil) | Royal bolete No ring | Devil's bolete No ring |
| Volva | Royal bolete No volva | Devil's bolete No volva |
| Substrate | Royal bolete Soil | Devil's bolete Soil |
| Nutrition type | Royal bolete Mycorrhizal | Devil's bolete Mycorrhizal |
| Partner trees | Royal bolete BeechOakHornbeam | Devil's bolete OakBeechHornbeam |
📅 Seasonality
Royal bolete
Fruiting season
June – September
Devil's bolete
Fruiting season
June – September
🔬 Morphology
Cap
Royal bolete
Cap 5–15 cm, hemispherical in young mushrooms, then cushion-shaped and flattened-convex. Color pinkish raspberry, pinkish red, darkening with age to brownish red. Surface matte, slightly fibrous in dry weather, a little slimy in wet weather. The cap skin does not peel. The cap margin is rolled inward at first, then straightens out.
Devil's bolete
Cap 8–30 cm across, massive, globular in young mushrooms, then cushion-shaped. Surface dry, matte, pale gray or grayish ocher, with no bright coloring — it contrasts with the red pores. In old mushrooms the cap is often blotchy.
Hymenophore
Royal bolete
Hymenophore tubular, free or slightly notched at the stem. Lemon yellow, turning ochre-yellow with age, olive in old mushrooms. Pores small and round. When pressed it may turn faintly blue or not change color at all — unusual for a bolete.
Devil's bolete
Pored hymenophore. Pores bright red or blood-red — the mushroom's most noticeable feature. When pressed they turn blue very intensely and quickly. Tubes yellow or yellow-green near the stem.
Stem
Royal bolete
Stem 5–14 cm tall, 2–6 cm thick, bulbous at the base, then cylindrical. Color lemon yellow to ochre-yellow, with a clearly visible fine net on the upper part (a hallmark of the genus Butyriboletus). Sometimes with a pinkish tinge at the base.
Devil's bolete
Stem 5–15 cm tall, 4–10 cm thick, massive, globular or barrel-shaped. Covered with a characteristic bright red net pattern on a yellow background — especially in the upper part. Turns blue when pressed.
Flesh
Royal bolete
Flesh lemon yellow, reddish under the cap skin, very firm and heavy. When cut, the color does not change or turns slightly blue in spots. This is another important diagnostic feature — most pink-capped boletes turn blue instantly and strongly.
Devil's bolete
Flesh yellowish, very firm, heavy. Turns blue in a flash when cut — the reaction comes within 3–5 seconds and is far more intense than in edible bluing species. In old mushrooms the flesh has an unpleasant smell.
Smell
Royal bolete
Smell faint, pleasantly mushroomy, with notes of fresh hazelnut. Taste mild, sweetish, with no bitterness and no peppery notes.
Devil's bolete
In young mushrooms the smell is unobtrusive or absent. In mature mushrooms it is rather unpleasant, rotten or ammonia-like, especially noticeable in hot weather. The smell gets stronger when dried.
📍 Habitats
Royal bolete
Devil's bolete
👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!
❓ Frequently asked questions
Can Royal bolete and Devil's bolete be mixed up?
How to tell Royal bolete from Devil's bolete?
Which is more dangerous — Royal bolete or Devil's bolete?
Is Devil's bolete edible?
When do Royal bolete and Devil's bolete grow?
Sources
- [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
- [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
- [3]MycoBank Database
- [4]Index Fungorum
- [5]GBIF
- [6]iNaturalist Ukraine