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Xerocomus ferrugineus or Suede bolete

How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison

The short answer

Xerocomus ferrugineus and Suede bolete are similar species that can be mixed up while foraging. The main visible difference: use: Xerocomus ferrugineus — cook fresh, drying, Suede bolete — cook fresh, drying, pickling. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: cap color, partner trees.

📊 Comparing characteristics

Comparison of characteristics: Xerocomus ferrugineus and Suede bolete
Edibility class

Xerocomus ferrugineus

Edible

Suede bolete

Edible
Season

Xerocomus ferrugineus

SummerAutumn

Suede bolete

SummerAutumn
Use

Xerocomus ferrugineus

Cook freshDrying

Suede bolete

Cook freshDryingPickling
Size

Xerocomus ferrugineus

Medium (5–15 cm)

Suede bolete

Medium (5–15 cm)
Cap color

Xerocomus ferrugineus

BrownOrangeDark brown

Suede bolete

YellowOliveBrown
Cap shape

Xerocomus ferrugineus

Convex

Suede bolete

Convex
Cap surface

Xerocomus ferrugineus

Velvety

Suede bolete

Velvety
Taste

Xerocomus ferrugineus

Mild

Suede bolete

Mild
Smell

Xerocomus ferrugineus

Pleasant

Suede bolete

Pleasant
Flesh color change

Xerocomus ferrugineus

Bluing

Suede bolete

Bluing
Hymenophore

Xerocomus ferrugineus

Pored

Suede bolete

Pored
Stem

Xerocomus ferrugineus

Central

Suede bolete

Central
Ring (veil)

Xerocomus ferrugineus

No ring

Suede bolete

No ring
Volva

Xerocomus ferrugineus

No volva

Suede bolete

No volva
Substrate

Xerocomus ferrugineus

Soil

Suede bolete

Soil
Nutrition type

Xerocomus ferrugineus

Mycorrhizal

Suede bolete

Mycorrhizal
Partner trees

Xerocomus ferrugineus

OakBeechHornbeamPine

Suede bolete

OakBeechBirchPineSpruceHornbeam

📅 Seasonality

Xerocomus ferrugineus

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

June – October

Suede bolete

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

June – November

🔬 Morphology

Cap

Xerocomus ferrugineus

Cap 4–10 cm, hemispherical in young mushrooms, then cushion-shaped. Color rusty brown, chestnut, dark ochre — richer and darker than the suede bolete. The surface is matte, felty-velvety, slightly sticky in wet weather. In dry conditions it can crack into small squares.

Suede bolete

Cap 4-12 cm across, hemispherical in young mushrooms, later becoming convex to flat. Color olive-green, yellow-green, ocher-green, brighter when young, paling with age. The surface is velvety and dryish, slightly sticky in damp weather; in old mushrooms it often cracks, with white cracks between the polygons of skin.

Hymenophore

Xerocomus ferrugineus

Hymenophore tubular, at first attached to the stem, then notched. Color yellow, olive-yellow in mature ones. Pores angular, small to medium. They turn faintly blue when pressed — less actively than in many other Xerocomus boletes.

Suede bolete

The hymenophore is made of tubes attached to the stem. Color bright yellow when young, turning yellow-olive with age. The pores are small and angular, and turn blue when pressed — usually, though not always. Spore print olive-brown.

Stem

Xerocomus ferrugineus

Stem 4–10 cm tall, 1–2 cm thick, cylindrical, sometimes slightly narrowing upward. Color yellowish to brown, with barely visible lengthwise fibers. Sometimes reddish at the base.

Suede bolete

Stem 5-10 cm tall, 1-2 cm thick, cylindrical, often slightly narrowing toward the base. Color yellow-ocher with fine lengthwise reddish-brown scales forming a net — a characteristic feature of the species among the boletes. No ring.

Flesh

Xerocomus ferrugineus

Flesh pale yellow to yellowish, watery in mature mushrooms, springy in young ones. When cut it does not turn blue, though the cap flesh may flush slightly pinkish. Sometimes pinkish in the stem.

Suede bolete

The flesh is meaty, pale yellow, rusty in the lower part of the stem. When cut, it changes little: it may turn faintly blue or flush slightly reddish. The smell is faintly mushroomy, with a note of ripe apple. The taste is mild and pleasant.

Smell

Xerocomus ferrugineus

Smell faint, pleasantly mushroomy with a hint of fresh forest litter. Taste mild, neutral.

Suede bolete

Faint, pleasant and mushroomy, with a fruity (apple) note.

📍 Habitats

Xerocomus ferrugineus

Deciduous forestMixed forest

Suede bolete

Deciduous forestMixed forestConifer forest

👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!

❓ Frequently asked questions

Can Xerocomus ferrugineus and Suede bolete be mixed up?
Yes, they look so similar that people often mix them up. The use, cap color, partner trees help tell them apart.
How to tell Xerocomus ferrugineus from Suede bolete?
The main differences: use: Xerocomus ferrugineus — cook fresh, drying, Suede bolete — cook fresh, drying, pickling; cap color: Xerocomus ferrugineus — brown, orange, dark brown, Suede bolete — yellow, olive, brown; partner trees: Xerocomus ferrugineus — oak, beech, hornbeam, pine, Suede bolete — oak, beech, birch, pine, spruce, hornbeam. The full table of characteristics is higher up on this page.
Is Suede bolete edible?
Suede bolete — edible.
When do Xerocomus ferrugineus and Suede bolete grow?
Xerocomus ferrugineus — June–October; Suede bolete — June–November.

Sources

  • [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
  • [2]Mushrooms Demystified, David Arora
  • [3]Mushrooms (Roger Phillips), Roger Phillips
  • [4]Визначник грибів України, Зерова М.Я. та ін. (1979)
  • [5]iNaturalist Ukraine
  • [6]Species Fungorum
  • [7]Index Fungorum
  • [8]GBIF
  • [9]MycoBank Database
  • [10]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)