How to tell Fairy ring champignon from Ivory funnel
How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison
Warning: Ivory funnel(Clitocybe dealbata)
POISONOUS
Eating it causes poisoning. Do not pick it unless you have identified it with certainty.
Toxin: muscarine in high concentration. Symptoms begin 15-60 minutes after eating (fast). Classic muscarinic syndrome (PSL): profuse salivation (by the liter), sweating that soaks through clothing, tearing, runny nose, constricted pupils (miosis), bronchospasm with a feeling of suffocation, bradycardia down to 30-40 bpm, low blood pressure, intestinal cramps, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting. In severe cases — collapse, pulmonary edema, risk of cardiac arrest. The antidote is atropine (in hospital, under ECG monitoring). If you suspect poisoning — call 112 or your local emergency number immediately. Keep the mushroom remains and vomit. The prognosis is good with prompt treatment (1-2 hours); without help it is potentially dangerous.
If you suspect poisoning, call an ambulance immediately: 112 (the European emergency number) or your local emergency number
The short answer
Fairy ring champignon and Ivory funnel look alike, so they're easy to mix up — but Fairy ring champignon is edible, while Ivory funnel is poisonous. The main visible difference: season: Fairy ring champignon — spring, summer, autumn, Ivory funnel — summer, autumn. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: use, cap color, cap shape. If you have even the slightest doubt, leave the mushroom be.

Ivory funnel
Clitocybe dealbata

Fairy ring champignon
Marasmius oreades
📊 Comparing characteristics
⚠ Highlighted rows are the key differences between the edible and the dangerous mushroom
| Characteristic | Ivory funnel | Fairy ring champignon |
|---|---|---|
| ⚠ Edibility class | Ivory funnel Poisonous | Fairy ring champignon Edible |
| ⚠ Season | Ivory funnel SummerAutumn | Fairy ring champignon SpringSummerAutumn |
| ⚠ Use | Ivory funnel Not eaten | Fairy ring champignon Cook freshDryingPicklingMedicinal |
| Size | Ivory funnel Small (up to 5 cm) | Fairy ring champignon Small (up to 5 cm) |
| ⚠ Cap color | Ivory funnel WhiteCream | Fairy ring champignon CreamYellowOrange |
| ⚠ Cap shape | Ivory funnel Funnel-shaped | Fairy ring champignon Umbonate |
| Cap surface | Ivory funnel Smooth | Fairy ring champignon Smooth |
| Taste | Ivory funnel Mild | Fairy ring champignon Mild |
| ⚠ Smell | Ivory funnel Floury | Fairy ring champignon PleasantAlmond |
| Flesh color change | Ivory funnel No change | Fairy ring champignon No change |
| Hymenophore | Ivory funnel Gilled | Fairy ring champignon Gilled |
| Stem | Ivory funnel Central | Fairy ring champignon Central |
| Ring (veil) | Ivory funnel No ring | Fairy ring champignon No ring |
| Volva | Ivory funnel No volva | Fairy ring champignon No volva |
| Substrate | Ivory funnel Soil | Fairy ring champignon Soil |
| Nutrition type | Ivory funnel Saprotroph | Fairy ring champignon Saprotroph |
📅 Seasonality
Ivory funnel
Fruiting season
August – November
Fairy ring champignon
Fruiting season
May – November
🔬 Morphology
Cap
Ivory funnel
Cap 2-5 cm across, convex when young, becoming funnel-shaped over time, with a depressed center and a thin wavy margin. Color whitish, cream, with pale gray or ochre patches; silky-sheened in wet weather, chalky white when dry. Surface smooth, with barely visible radial streaks.
Fairy ring champignon
Cap 2-5 cm across, hemispherical when young, becoming convex-flat over time with a distinct low umbo in the center. Color light ocher, creamy beige, reddish cream, darker in wet weather, paler in dry. Surface smooth, slightly sticky in wet weather. The cap margin often has fine grooves. A unique trait: a dried-out cap can "revive" after rain — it regains its shape and the gills resume releasing spores.
Hymenophore
Ivory funnel
Gilled hymenophore. Gills crowded, thin, decurrent down the stem (a hallmark of the genus Clitocybe). Color whitish to cream. Spore print white.
Fairy ring champignon
Gilled hymenophore — the gills are distant, broad, whitish to cream, with a distinctive attachment to the stem (often free or notched). Spore print white. The contrast of distant broad gills + white spore print are diagnostic features.
Stem
Ivory funnel
Stem 2-4 cm tall, 0.3-0.8 cm thick, slender, cylindrical, often curved. Color whitish to cream, with white mycelial fuzz at the base. Surface smooth, no ring. Stem flesh firm.
Fairy ring champignon
Stem 4-8 cm tall, 0.2-0.5 cm thick, thin, cylindrical, very fibrous and springy — it practically doesn't snap when bent. Color light cream to ocher, matching the cap. Surface smooth, with no ring and no volva. It doesn't snap — it only bends — a diagnostic feature.
Flesh
Ivory funnel
Flesh thin, white, watery, brittle. Does not change color when cut. It has a faint, pleasant smell (slightly sweet, or mealy according to some guides) and a mild taste — and that is what makes this species so treacherous: it smells and tastes "right", nothing sets off alarm bells.
Fairy ring champignon
Flesh thin in the cap, fibrous in the stem, white to cream. When cut it does not change color. A distinct, pleasant mushroom smell with a fruity or almond note. Taste mild and aromatic.
Smell
Ivory funnel
Faint and indistinct, slightly sweet; some guides describe it as mealy. This adds to the danger: the smell raises no suspicion. Never rely on smell when identifying mushrooms of this size.
Fairy ring champignon
A distinct, pleasant mushroom smell with a fruity-almond note. It opens up when you rub the flesh and especially when dried. This is one of the most aromatic Ukrainian mushrooms.
📍 Habitats
Ivory funnel
Fairy ring champignon
👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!
Fairy ring champignon
EdibleSt George's mushroom
EdibleFool's funnel
PoisonousField mushroom
EdibleFrosty funnel
PoisonousSnowy waxcap
EdibleAniseed funnel
EdibleTrooping funnel
EdibleClouded funnel
Conditionally edibleThe miller
EdibleIvory funnel
PoisonousLiberty cap
PoisonousSprucecone cap
EdibleGarlic parachute
EdibleMycetinis scorodonius
EdibleMycetinis prasiosmus
Edible❓ Frequently asked questions
Can Fairy ring champignon and Ivory funnel be mixed up?
How to tell Fairy ring champignon from Ivory funnel?
Which is more dangerous — Fairy ring champignon or Ivory funnel?
Is Ivory funnel edible?
When do Fairy ring champignon and Ivory funnel grow?
Sources
- [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
- [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
- [3]MycoBank Database
- [4]Index Fungorum
- [5]GBIF
- [6]iNaturalist Ukraine