Oak woodwax or Red-capped scaber stalk
How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison
The short answer
Oak woodwax and Red-capped scaber stalk are similar species that can be mixed up while foraging. The main visible difference: season: Oak woodwax — autumn, Red-capped scaber stalk — summer, autumn. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: use, size, cap color.

Oak woodwax
Hygrophorus nemoreus

Red-capped scaber stalk
Leccinum aurantiacum
📊 Comparing characteristics
| Characteristic | Oak woodwax | Red-capped scaber stalk |
|---|---|---|
| Edibility class | Oak woodwax Edible | Red-capped scaber stalk Edible |
| Season | Oak woodwax Autumn | Red-capped scaber stalk SummerAutumn |
| Use | Oak woodwax Cook freshDryingPicklingSalting | Red-capped scaber stalk CulinaryDryingFreezing |
| Size | Oak woodwax Medium (5–15 cm) | Red-capped scaber stalk Large (over 15 cm) |
| Cap color | Oak woodwax OrangeRedBrown | Red-capped scaber stalk OrangeRustyRed |
| Cap shape | Oak woodwax Convex | Red-capped scaber stalk Convex |
| Cap surface | Oak woodwax Smooth | Red-capped scaber stalk DryVelvety |
| Taste | Oak woodwax Mild | Red-capped scaber stalk Mild |
| Smell | Oak woodwax Floury | Red-capped scaber stalk Pleasant, mushroomy |
| Flesh color change | Oak woodwax No change | Red-capped scaber stalk Blackening |
| Hymenophore | Oak woodwax Gilled | Red-capped scaber stalk Pored |
| Stem | Oak woodwax Central | Red-capped scaber stalk CentralSolid |
| Ring (veil) | Oak woodwax No ring | Red-capped scaber stalk No ring |
| Volva | Oak woodwax No volva | Red-capped scaber stalk No volva |
| Substrate | Oak woodwax Soil | Red-capped scaber stalk Soil |
| Nutrition type | Oak woodwax Mycorrhizal | Red-capped scaber stalk Mycorrhizal |
| Partner trees | Oak woodwax Oak | Red-capped scaber stalk AspenBirch |
📅 Seasonality
Oak woodwax
Fruiting season
September – November
Red-capped scaber stalk
Fruiting season
June – October
🔬 Morphology
Cap
Oak woodwax
Cap 4-10 cm, hemispherical at first, then flattened-convex with a broad umbo. Orange-reddish, brick orange, darker at the center. The surface is dry or slightly slimy in wet weather, smooth. The margin is thin and often split in mature specimens.
Red-capped scaber stalk
Cap 6–20 cm across, spherical in young mushrooms, then cushion-shaped. The surface is finely felted or slightly leathery, dry. The color is vivid — brick-red, orange or ginger; in shady spots it may be duller.
Hymenophore
Oak woodwax
Gilled hymenophore. The gills are widely spaced, thick, and decurrent (a typical feature of the genus Hygrophorus). White or cream at first, taking on a yellowish or pinkish tint with age. Spore print white.
Red-capped scaber stalk
The hymenophore has tubes. Pores small, round, white at first, then turning brownish. When pressed, the pores turn brownish — this is a normal reaction and does not indicate danger.
Stem
Oak woodwax
Stem 4-8 cm tall, 1-2 cm thick, cylindrical, slightly tapering toward the base. White or cream, with a pinkish tint at the top. The surface is dry, with a fine white mealy coating at the top. No ring.
Red-capped scaber stalk
Stem 8–20 cm tall, 2–4 cm thick, firm, club-shaped at the bottom, cylindrical in the upper part. The surface is white, covered with scales and fibres: reddish, sometimes whitish, in young mushrooms, turning red-brown to blackish with age. The stem base often shows a blue tint, especially where it has been handled. The stem is very hard, almost woody in mature mushrooms.
Flesh
Oak woodwax
The flesh is white, firm, thick at the center of the cap. Does not change color when cut. Springy texture, not watery — good for cooking.
Red-capped scaber stalk
Flesh firm, white; when cut it darkens to violet-grey, grey and eventually almost black; only the stem base often turns blue-green. The darkening also happens during cooking. The taste is pleasant, meaty. In mature mushrooms the stem is very fibrous.
Smell
Oak woodwax
A distinct mealy smell — a diagnostic feature. Taste mild, pleasantly mushroomy, with a barely noticeable fresh, mealy note.
Red-capped scaber stalk
Smell faint, pleasant, mushroomy, slightly earthy. When fried, the aroma becomes richer and more appetizing. Compared with porcini, the red-capped scaber stalk's smell is less pronounced, but quite pleasant.
📍 Habitats
Oak woodwax
Red-capped scaber stalk
👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!
Red-capped scaber stalk
EdibleIvory woodwax
EdibleGold flecked woodwax
EdibleHerald of winter
EdiblePinkmottle woodwax
EdibleBrown birch bolete
EdibleLurid bolete
Conditionally edibleLeccinum percandidum
EdibleOak woodwax
EdibleOrange birch bolete
EdibleFoxy bolete
EdibleMottled bolete
EdibleSlate bolete
EdibleSaffron bolete
EdibleOrange oak bolete
Edible❓ Frequently asked questions
Can Oak woodwax and Red-capped scaber stalk be mixed up?
How to tell Oak woodwax from Red-capped scaber stalk?
Is Red-capped scaber stalk edible?
When do Oak woodwax and Red-capped scaber stalk grow?
Sources
- [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
- [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
- [3]MycoBank Database
- [4]Index Fungorum
- [5]GBIF
- [6]iNaturalist Ukraine