How to tell Ruby bolete from Devil's bolete
How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison
Warning: Devil's bolete(Rubroboletus satanas)
POISONOUS
Eating it causes poisoning. Do not pick it unless you have identified it with certainty.
Causes severe gastroenteritis even after cooking. Symptoms within 1–6 h: vomiting, bloody diarrhea, dehydration.
If you suspect poisoning, call an ambulance immediately: 112 (the European emergency number) or your local emergency number
The short answer
Ruby bolete and Devil's bolete look alike, so they're easy to mix up — but Ruby bolete is edible, while Devil's bolete is poisonous. The main visible difference: use: Ruby bolete — cook fresh, pickling, Devil's bolete — not eaten. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: size, cap color, cap surface. If you have even the slightest doubt, leave the mushroom be.

Ruby bolete
Hortiboletus rubellus

Devil's bolete
Rubroboletus satanas
📊 Comparing characteristics
⚠ Highlighted rows are the key differences between the edible and the dangerous mushroom
| Characteristic | Ruby bolete | Devil's bolete |
|---|---|---|
| ⚠ Edibility class | Ruby bolete Edible | Devil's bolete Poisonous |
| Season | Ruby bolete SummerAutumn | Devil's bolete SummerAutumn |
| ⚠ Use | Ruby bolete Cook freshPickling | Devil's bolete Not eaten |
| ⚠ Size | Ruby bolete Small (up to 5 cm) | Devil's bolete Large (over 15 cm) |
| ⚠ Cap color | Ruby bolete RedBrown | Devil's bolete GreyWhite |
| Cap shape | Ruby bolete Convex | Devil's bolete Convex |
| ⚠ Cap surface | Ruby bolete Velvety | Devil's bolete Dry |
| ⚠ Taste | Ruby bolete Mild | Devil's bolete Neutral taste |
| ⚠ Smell | Ruby bolete Pleasant | Devil's bolete PutridUnpleasant |
| Flesh color change | Ruby bolete Bluing | Devil's bolete Bluing |
| Hymenophore | Ruby bolete Pored | Devil's bolete Pored |
| ⚠ Stem | Ruby bolete Central | Devil's bolete CentralBulbous |
| Ring (veil) | Ruby bolete No ring | Devil's bolete No ring |
| Volva | Ruby bolete No volva | Devil's bolete No volva |
| Substrate | Ruby bolete Soil | Devil's bolete Soil |
| Nutrition type | Ruby bolete Mycorrhizal | Devil's bolete Mycorrhizal |
| Partner trees | Ruby bolete OakBeechHornbeam | Devil's bolete OakBeechHornbeam |
📅 Seasonality
Ruby bolete
Fruiting season
June – October
Devil's bolete
Fruiting season
June – September
🔬 Morphology
Cap
Ruby bolete
Cap 3-7 cm across, hemispherical in young mushrooms, later becoming convex to flat. Color bright red, raspberry-red, carmine, richer when young, fading to brownish-red with age. The surface is velvety and dry, slightly sticky in damp weather. In old mushrooms it often cracks into polygons, revealing a yellow layer under the skin (not red, as in the red cracking bolete).
Devil's bolete
Cap 8–30 cm across, massive, globular in young mushrooms, then cushion-shaped. Surface dry, matte, pale gray or grayish ocher, with no bright coloring — it contrasts with the red pores. In old mushrooms the cap is often blotchy.
Hymenophore
Ruby bolete
The hymenophore is made of tubes attached to the stem. Color yellow when young, turning yellow-olive with age. The pores are small and stain strongly blue when pressed. Spore print olive-brown.
Devil's bolete
Pored hymenophore. Pores bright red or blood-red — the mushroom's most noticeable feature. When pressed they turn blue very intensely and quickly. Tubes yellow or yellow-green near the stem.
Stem
Ruby bolete
Stem 4-7 cm tall, 0.8-1.5 cm thick, cylindrical, often thickening toward the base. Color yellow at the top, with distinct reddish-brown lengthwise streaks and a delicate reddish fibrous net in the lower half. In old mushrooms the stem is redder.
Devil's bolete
Stem 5–15 cm tall, 4–10 cm thick, massive, globular or barrel-shaped. Covered with a characteristic bright red net pattern on a yellow background — especially in the upper part. Turns blue when pressed.
Flesh
Ruby bolete
The flesh is thin, soft and yellow, and in the lower part of the stem with a noticeable bright yellow or yellow-orange spot when cut lengthwise — a diagnostic feature of the species. When cut, it stains strongly blue (within 30-60 sec).
Devil's bolete
Flesh yellowish, very firm, heavy. Turns blue in a flash when cut — the reaction comes within 3–5 seconds and is far more intense than in edible bluing species. In old mushrooms the flesh has an unpleasant smell.
Smell
Ruby bolete
Faint, pleasant and mushroomy, with no distinct notes.
Devil's bolete
In young mushrooms the smell is unobtrusive or absent. In mature mushrooms it is rather unpleasant, rotten or ammonia-like, especially noticeable in hot weather. The smell gets stronger when dried.
📍 Habitats
Ruby bolete
Devil's bolete
👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!
Suede bolete
EdibleRed cracking bolete
EdibleDevil's bolete
PoisonousInkstain bolete
Conditionally ediblePorcini
EdibleLurid bolete
Conditionally ediblePale bolete
EdibleTwo-colored bolete
EdibleIodine bolete
EdibleYellow bolete
EdibleScarletina bolete
Conditionally edibleRoyal bolete
EdibleOak bolete
EdiblePine bolete
EdibleCornflower bolete
EdibleRuby bolete
Edible❓ Frequently asked questions
Can Ruby bolete and Devil's bolete be mixed up?
How to tell Ruby bolete from Devil's bolete?
Which is more dangerous — Ruby bolete or Devil's bolete?
Is Devil's bolete edible?
When do Ruby bolete and Devil's bolete grow?
Sources
- [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
- [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
- [3]MycoBank Database
- [4]Index Fungorum
- [5]GBIF
- [6]iNaturalist Ukraine