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How to tell Ruby bolete from Devil's bolete

How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison

Warning: Devil's bolete(Rubroboletus satanas)

The short answer

Ruby bolete and Devil's bolete look alike, so they're easy to mix up — but Ruby bolete is edible, while Devil's bolete is poisonous. The main visible difference: use: Ruby bolete — cook fresh, pickling, Devil's bolete — not eaten. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: size, cap color, cap surface. If you have even the slightest doubt, leave the mushroom be.

Ruby bolete (Boletus rubellus)

Ruby bolete

Hortiboletus rubellus

EdibleExpert-verified
Devil's bolete (Rubroboletus satanas)

Devil's bolete

Rubroboletus satanas

PoisonousExpert-verified

📊 Comparing characteristics

⚠ Highlighted rows are the key differences between the edible and the dangerous mushroom

Comparison of characteristics: Ruby bolete and Devil's bolete
⚠ Edibility class

Ruby bolete

Edible

Devil's bolete

Poisonous
Season

Ruby bolete

SummerAutumn

Devil's bolete

SummerAutumn
⚠ Use

Ruby bolete

Cook freshPickling

Devil's bolete

Not eaten
⚠ Size

Ruby bolete

Small (up to 5 cm)

Devil's bolete

Large (over 15 cm)
⚠ Cap color

Ruby bolete

RedBrown

Devil's bolete

GreyWhite
Cap shape

Ruby bolete

Convex

Devil's bolete

Convex
⚠ Cap surface

Ruby bolete

Velvety

Devil's bolete

Dry
⚠ Taste

Ruby bolete

Mild

Devil's bolete

Neutral taste
⚠ Smell

Ruby bolete

Pleasant

Devil's bolete

PutridUnpleasant
Flesh color change

Ruby bolete

Bluing

Devil's bolete

Bluing
Hymenophore

Ruby bolete

Pored

Devil's bolete

Pored
⚠ Stem

Ruby bolete

Central

Devil's bolete

CentralBulbous
Ring (veil)

Ruby bolete

No ring

Devil's bolete

No ring
Volva

Ruby bolete

No volva

Devil's bolete

No volva
Substrate

Ruby bolete

Soil

Devil's bolete

Soil
Nutrition type

Ruby bolete

Mycorrhizal

Devil's bolete

Mycorrhizal
Partner trees

Ruby bolete

OakBeechHornbeam

Devil's bolete

OakBeechHornbeam

📅 Seasonality

Ruby bolete

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

June – October

Devil's bolete

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

June – September

🔬 Morphology

Cap

Ruby bolete

Cap 3-7 cm across, hemispherical in young mushrooms, later becoming convex to flat. Color bright red, raspberry-red, carmine, richer when young, fading to brownish-red with age. The surface is velvety and dry, slightly sticky in damp weather. In old mushrooms it often cracks into polygons, revealing a yellow layer under the skin (not red, as in the red cracking bolete).

Devil's bolete

Cap 8–30 cm across, massive, globular in young mushrooms, then cushion-shaped. Surface dry, matte, pale gray or grayish ocher, with no bright coloring — it contrasts with the red pores. In old mushrooms the cap is often blotchy.

Hymenophore

Ruby bolete

The hymenophore is made of tubes attached to the stem. Color yellow when young, turning yellow-olive with age. The pores are small and stain strongly blue when pressed. Spore print olive-brown.

Devil's bolete

Pored hymenophore. Pores bright red or blood-red — the mushroom's most noticeable feature. When pressed they turn blue very intensely and quickly. Tubes yellow or yellow-green near the stem.

Stem

Ruby bolete

Stem 4-7 cm tall, 0.8-1.5 cm thick, cylindrical, often thickening toward the base. Color yellow at the top, with distinct reddish-brown lengthwise streaks and a delicate reddish fibrous net in the lower half. In old mushrooms the stem is redder.

Devil's bolete

Stem 5–15 cm tall, 4–10 cm thick, massive, globular or barrel-shaped. Covered with a characteristic bright red net pattern on a yellow background — especially in the upper part. Turns blue when pressed.

Flesh

Ruby bolete

The flesh is thin, soft and yellow, and in the lower part of the stem with a noticeable bright yellow or yellow-orange spot when cut lengthwise — a diagnostic feature of the species. When cut, it stains strongly blue (within 30-60 sec).

Devil's bolete

Flesh yellowish, very firm, heavy. Turns blue in a flash when cut — the reaction comes within 3–5 seconds and is far more intense than in edible bluing species. In old mushrooms the flesh has an unpleasant smell.

Smell

Ruby bolete

Faint, pleasant and mushroomy, with no distinct notes.

Devil's bolete

In young mushrooms the smell is unobtrusive or absent. In mature mushrooms it is rather unpleasant, rotten or ammonia-like, especially noticeable in hot weather. The smell gets stronger when dried.

📍 Habitats

Ruby bolete

Deciduous forestMixed forest

Devil's bolete

Deciduous forest

👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!

❓ Frequently asked questions

Can Ruby bolete and Devil's bolete be mixed up?
Yes. These species look alike, and Devil's bolete is poisonous, so a mistake is dangerous. Pay attention to the use, size, cap color.
How to tell Ruby bolete from Devil's bolete?
The main differences: use: Ruby bolete — cook fresh, pickling, Devil's bolete — not eaten; size: Ruby bolete — small (up to 5 cm), Devil's bolete — large (over 15 cm); cap color: Ruby bolete — red, brown, Devil's bolete — grey, white. As for edibility: Ruby bolete is edible, Devil's bolete is poisonous. The full table of characteristics is higher up on this page.
Which is more dangerous — Ruby bolete or Devil's bolete?
More dangerous: Devil's bolete, which is poisonous. Ruby bolete is edible. If you have even the slightest doubt, don't pick the mushroom.
Is Devil's bolete edible?
Devil's bolete — poisonous. It must not be picked or eaten.
When do Ruby bolete and Devil's bolete grow?
Ruby bolete — June–October; Devil's bolete — June–September.

Sources

  • [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
  • [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
  • [3]MycoBank Database
  • [4]Index Fungorum
  • [5]GBIF
  • [6]iNaturalist Ukraine