How to tell Clouded funnel from Ivory funnel
How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison
Warning: Ivory funnel(Clitocybe dealbata)
POISONOUS
Eating it causes poisoning. Do not pick it unless you have identified it with certainty.
Toxin: muscarine in high concentration. Symptoms begin 15-60 minutes after eating (fast). Classic muscarinic syndrome (PSL): profuse salivation (by the liter), sweating that soaks through clothing, tearing, runny nose, constricted pupils (miosis), bronchospasm with a feeling of suffocation, bradycardia down to 30-40 bpm, low blood pressure, intestinal cramps, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting. In severe cases — collapse, pulmonary edema, risk of cardiac arrest. The antidote is atropine (in hospital, under ECG monitoring). If you suspect poisoning — call 112 or your local emergency number immediately. Keep the mushroom remains and vomit. The prognosis is good with prompt treatment (1-2 hours); without help it is potentially dangerous.
If you suspect poisoning, call an ambulance immediately: 112 (the European emergency number) or your local emergency number
The short answer
Clouded funnel and Ivory funnel look alike, so they're easy to mix up — but Clouded funnel is conditionally edible, while Ivory funnel is poisonous. The main visible difference: season: Clouded funnel — autumn, Ivory funnel — summer, autumn. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: use, size, cap color. If you have even the slightest doubt, leave the mushroom be.

Clouded funnel
Clitocybe nebularis

Ivory funnel
Clitocybe dealbata
📊 Comparing characteristics
⚠ Highlighted rows are the key differences between the edible and the dangerous mushroom
| Characteristic | Clouded funnel | Ivory funnel |
|---|---|---|
| ⚠ Edibility class | Clouded funnel Conditionally edible | Ivory funnel Poisonous |
| ⚠ Season | Clouded funnel Autumn | Ivory funnel SummerAutumn |
| ⚠ Use | Clouded funnel Cook freshPickling | Ivory funnel Not eaten |
| ⚠ Size | Clouded funnel Large (over 15 cm) | Ivory funnel Small (up to 5 cm) |
| ⚠ Cap color | Clouded funnel GreyBrown | Ivory funnel WhiteCream |
| ⚠ Cap shape | Clouded funnel Convex | Ivory funnel Funnel-shaped |
| Cap surface | Clouded funnel Smooth | Ivory funnel Smooth |
| Taste | Clouded funnel Mild | Ivory funnel Mild |
| Smell | Clouded funnel Floury | Ivory funnel Floury |
| Flesh color change | Clouded funnel No change | Ivory funnel No change |
| Hymenophore | Clouded funnel Gilled | Ivory funnel Gilled |
| Stem | Clouded funnel Central | Ivory funnel Central |
| Ring (veil) | Clouded funnel No ring | Ivory funnel No ring |
| Volva | Clouded funnel No volva | Ivory funnel No volva |
| ⚠ Substrate | Clouded funnel SoilForest litter | Ivory funnel Soil |
| Nutrition type | Clouded funnel Saprotroph | Ivory funnel Saprotroph |
| ⚠ Partner trees | Clouded funnel OakBeechSpruceBirch | Ivory funnel — |
📅 Seasonality
Clouded funnel
Fruiting season
October – November
Ivory funnel
Fruiting season
August – November
🔬 Morphology
Cap
Clouded funnel
The cap is large: 8-20 cm across, hemispherical to convex in young mushrooms, with an inrolled margin, later flattening out with a small bump in the center. The color is smoky gray, mouse-gray, darker in wet weather and lighter in dry weather. The surface is silky-matte, with a thin whitish bloom (as if dusted with flour). The cap margin is often wavy and curled downward.
Ivory funnel
Cap 2-5 cm across, convex when young, becoming funnel-shaped over time, with a depressed center and a thin wavy margin. Color whitish, cream, with pale gray or ochre patches; silky-sheened in wet weather, chalky white when dry. Surface smooth, with barely visible radial streaks.
Hymenophore
Clouded funnel
The underside has gills. The gills are crowded, thin, decurrent down the stem. Whitish to cream, turning cream-ochre with age. The spore print is white to pale cream. The gills detach easily from the cap — a characteristic feature of the genus.
Ivory funnel
Gilled hymenophore. Gills crowded, thin, decurrent down the stem (a hallmark of the genus Clitocybe). Color whitish to cream. Spore print white.
Stem
Clouded funnel
The stem is sturdy: 5-10 cm tall, 2-4 cm thick, cylindrical or thickening toward the base. White to dirty grayish-cream. The surface is lengthwise fibrous, with white mycelial fuzz at the base. No ring. The stem flesh is firm, becoming hollow with age.
Ivory funnel
Stem 2-4 cm tall, 0.3-0.8 cm thick, slender, cylindrical, often curved. Color whitish to cream, with white mycelial fuzz at the base. Surface smooth, no ring. Stem flesh firm.
Flesh
Clouded funnel
The flesh is thick and white, firm in young mushrooms and looser in old ones. It doesn't change color when cut. It has a distinct mealy smell and a mild taste.
Ivory funnel
Flesh thin, white, watery, brittle. Does not change color when cut. It has a faint, pleasant smell (slightly sweet, or mealy according to some guides) and a mild taste — and that is what makes this species so treacherous: it smells and tastes "right", nothing sets off alarm bells.
Smell
Clouded funnel
Strongly mealy, with a hint of cucumber — typical of the species. In old mushrooms it's sourish and unpleasant. The smell is so distinctive that it's used as a diagnostic feature for identification in the field.
Ivory funnel
Faint and indistinct, slightly sweet; some guides describe it as mealy. This adds to the danger: the smell raises no suspicion. Never rely on smell when identifying mushrooms of this size.
📍 Habitats
Clouded funnel
Ivory funnel
👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!
Giant funnel
Conditionally edibleIvory funnel
PoisonousFrosty funnel
PoisonousLeucopaxillus tricolor
EdibleLivid pinkgill
PoisonousAniseed funnel
EdibleGoblet funnel
EdibleCommon funnel
EdibleTrooping funnel
EdibleFlowery blewit
EdibleClustered domecap
EdibleFairy ring champignon
EdibleSt George's mushroom
EdibleFool's funnel
PoisonousField mushroom
EdibleSnowy waxcap
EdibleClouded funnel
Conditionally edibleThe miller
Edible❓ Frequently asked questions
Can Clouded funnel and Ivory funnel be mixed up?
How to tell Clouded funnel from Ivory funnel?
Which is more dangerous — Clouded funnel or Ivory funnel?
Is Ivory funnel edible?
When do Clouded funnel and Ivory funnel grow?
Sources
- [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
- [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
- [3]MycoBank Database
- [4]Index Fungorum
- [5]GBIF
- [6]iNaturalist Ukraine