Support MycoNote →

MycoNote

Cornflower bolete or Brown birch bolete

How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison

The short answer

Cornflower bolete and Brown birch bolete are similar species that can be mixed up while foraging. The main visible difference: use: Cornflower bolete — not eaten, Brown birch bolete — culinary, cook fresh, drying, freezing. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: cap color, cap surface, taste.

Two brown birch boletes (Leccinum scabrum) on pine needles: brown caps, pale pores beneath and white stems with dark scales

Brown birch bolete

Leccinum scabrum

EdibleExpert-verified

📊 Comparing characteristics

Comparison of characteristics: Cornflower bolete and Brown birch bolete
Edibility class

Cornflower bolete

Edible

Brown birch bolete

Edible
Season

Cornflower bolete

SummerAutumn

Brown birch bolete

SummerAutumn
Use

Cornflower bolete

Not eaten

Brown birch bolete

CulinaryCook freshDryingFreezing
Size

Cornflower bolete

Medium (5–15 cm)

Brown birch bolete

Medium (5–15 cm)
Cap color

Cornflower bolete

CreamYellow

Brown birch bolete

BrownDark brownGrey
Cap shape

Cornflower bolete

Convex

Brown birch bolete

Convex
Cap surface

Cornflower bolete

Dry

Brown birch bolete

DryVelvety
Taste

Cornflower bolete

Mild

Brown birch bolete

Mild
Smell

Cornflower bolete

Pleasant

Brown birch bolete

Pleasant, mushroomy
Flesh color change

Cornflower bolete

Bluing

Brown birch bolete

No change
Hymenophore

Cornflower bolete

Pored

Brown birch bolete

Pored
Stem

Cornflower bolete

Central

Brown birch bolete

CentralSolid
Ring (veil)

Cornflower bolete

No ring

Brown birch bolete

No ring
Volva

Cornflower bolete

No volva

Brown birch bolete

No volva
Substrate

Cornflower bolete

Soil

Brown birch bolete

Soil
Nutrition type

Cornflower bolete

Mycorrhizal

Brown birch bolete

Mycorrhizal
Partner trees

Cornflower bolete

BirchOakBeech

Brown birch bolete

Birch

📅 Seasonality

Cornflower bolete

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

June – October

Brown birch bolete

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

June – October

🔬 Morphology

Cap

Cornflower bolete

Cap 5–15 cm, hemispherical in young mushrooms, then cushion-shaped, almost flat in old ones. Color cream, pale yellow, ochre-yellow, darkening with age to brownish yellow. Surface matte, slightly felty or finely cracked in dry weather. The cap skin does not peel. Turns blue instantly when pressed.

Brown birch bolete

Cap 5–15 cm across, at first spherical or hemispherical, later cushion-shaped. The surface is smooth or slightly wrinkled, dry or a little sticky in wet weather. Color ranges from grayish brown to dark brown, more rarely almost black.

Hymenophore

Cornflower bolete

Hymenophore tubular, white at first, then yellowish, straw-yellow in mature mushrooms. Pores small and round. When pressed they quickly turn blue, then black — one of the key diagnostic features of the species.

Brown birch bolete

The hymenophore is tubular. The tubes and pores are white, small in young mushrooms and wider in mature ones. When pressed, the pores turn slightly brownish, but there's never any bluing: unlike in the red-capped scaber stalks, the flesh doesn't blue even at the stem base.

Stem

Cornflower bolete

Stem 3–12 cm tall, 1–3 cm thick, cylindrical or slightly swollen at the base. Same color as the cap or a little paler. Smooth at the top, sometimes with barely visible veins lower down. In young mushrooms the stem is solid; in mature ones it has hollow chambers inside (also a diagnostic feature of the genus Gyroporus). Quickly turns blue when cut or touched.

Brown birch bolete

Stem 8–18 cm tall, 1.5–3 cm thick, cylindrical, fairly long and slender compared with the cap. The surface is white or grayish, densely covered with dark, fibrous scales — the hallmark of the genus Leccinum. The stem is firm and fibrous.

Flesh

Cornflower bolete

Flesh white or cream, brittle and fragile, chambered in the stem of mature mushrooms. Exposed to air, within 2–5 seconds it turns a vivid blue, cornflower color — the fastest reaction of any bolete. After a few minutes the blue fades to grayish blue.

Brown birch bolete

The flesh is firm and white; when cut it doesn't change colour or turns slightly pinkish, and after a few hours may become a little greyish or brownish. It darkens to grey-black only when cooked. The taste is mild and neutral. The cap skin doesn't peel.

Smell

Cornflower bolete

Smell faint, pleasantly mushroomy, with a note of fresh hazelnut. Taste mild, with no bitterness or spicy notes.

Brown birch bolete

The smell is unobtrusive, pleasant and typically mushroomy. The aroma intensifies with cooking. When dried, the brown birch bolete takes on a rich scent that falls short of porcini but is noticeably better than most other pored mushrooms.

📍 Habitats

Cornflower bolete

Mixed forestDeciduous forest

Brown birch bolete

Deciduous forestMixed forest

👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!

❓ Frequently asked questions

Can Cornflower bolete and Brown birch bolete be mixed up?
Yes, they look so similar that people often mix them up. The use, cap color, cap surface help tell them apart.
How to tell Cornflower bolete from Brown birch bolete?
The main differences: use: Cornflower bolete — not eaten, Brown birch bolete — culinary, cook fresh, drying, freezing; cap color: Cornflower bolete — cream, yellow, Brown birch bolete — brown, dark brown, grey; cap surface: Cornflower bolete — dry, Brown birch bolete — dry, velvety. The full table of characteristics is higher up on this page.
Is Brown birch bolete edible?
Brown birch bolete — edible.
When do Cornflower bolete and Brown birch bolete grow?
Cornflower bolete — June–October; Brown birch bolete — June–October. Their seasons overlap, so be especially careful.

Sources

  • [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
  • [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
  • [3]MycoBank Database
  • [4]Index Fungorum
  • [5]GBIF
  • [6]iNaturalist Ukraine