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Pavement mushroom or Field mushroom

How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison

The short answer

Pavement mushroom and Field mushroom are similar species that can be mixed up while foraging. The main visible difference: use: Pavement mushroom — cook fresh, pickling, Field mushroom — culinary, cook fresh, freezing. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: cap shape, cap surface, taste.

Pavement mushroom (Agaricus bitorquis)

Pavement mushroom

Agaricus bitorquis

EdibleExpert-verified
Field mushroom (Agaricus campestris)

Field mushroom

Agaricus campestris

EdibleExpert-verified

📊 Comparing characteristics

Comparison of characteristics: Pavement mushroom and Field mushroom
Edibility class

Pavement mushroom

Edible

Field mushroom

Edible
Season

Pavement mushroom

SpringSummerAutumn

Field mushroom

SpringSummerAutumn
Use

Pavement mushroom

Cook freshPickling

Field mushroom

CulinaryCook freshFreezing
Size

Pavement mushroom

Medium (5–15 cm)

Field mushroom

Medium (5–15 cm)
Cap color

Pavement mushroom

WhiteCream

Field mushroom

WhiteCream
Cap shape

Pavement mushroom

Convex

Field mushroom

ConvexFlat
Cap surface

Pavement mushroom

Smooth

Field mushroom

DrySmooth
Taste

Pavement mushroom

Mild

Field mushroom

Mild
Smell

Pavement mushroom

Pleasant

Field mushroom

Pleasant, mushroomyAnise
Flesh color change

Pavement mushroom

Reddening

Field mushroom

Reddening
Hymenophore

Pavement mushroom

Gilled

Field mushroom

Gilled
Stem

Pavement mushroom

Central

Field mushroom

CentralSolid
Ring (veil)

Pavement mushroom

Ring present

Field mushroom

Ring present
Volva

Pavement mushroom

No volva

Field mushroom

No volva
Substrate

Pavement mushroom

Soil

Field mushroom

Soil
Nutrition type

Pavement mushroom

Saprotroph

Field mushroom

Saprotroph

📅 Seasonality

Pavement mushroom

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

May – November

Field mushroom

Fruiting season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

May – October

🔬 Morphology

Cap

Pavement mushroom

Cap 5-15 cm across, in young mushrooms compactly hemispherical to flat-convex, the edge often inrolled. Color white to cream, sometimes with a pale brownish tint in the center. Surface smooth, slightly sticky in wet weather. Often with a partial veil at the edge when young: a thin membranous fringe.

Field mushroom

Cap 5–15 cm across, spherical in young mushrooms, then flat or slightly umbonate. The surface is white or slightly creamy and cracks in dry weather. Fibrous scales may appear as it matures. The margin is inrolled at first, then straight.

Hymenophore

Pavement mushroom

Gilled hymenophore: gills free, crowded. When young they are pale pink to bright pink, and with age they become dark brown to chocolate-blackish. Spore print dark brown.

Field mushroom

Gills free (not reaching the stem), crowded, delicate pink at first, then bright pink, and chocolate-brown or blackish in mature mushrooms. The pink color of the gills is a key safety feature that distinguishes the field mushroom from poisonous species with white gills.

Stem

Pavement mushroom

Stem 3-8 cm tall, 1.5-3 cm thick, thick, meaty, cylindrical, narrowing toward the base. Color white. A distinctive double ring structure: in the upper part of the stem there are two membranous rings close together (hence the name bitorquis). This is the diagnostic feature of the species.

Field mushroom

Stem 4–8 cm tall, 1–2 cm thick, cylindrical, solid, straight. White in color. A characteristic firm membranous ring in the middle of the stem. No volva.

Flesh

Pavement mushroom

Flesh firm, meaty, white; when cut it slowly turns pinkish to brownish. Pleasant mushroomy smell with a fresh note. Mild taste, similar to the store-bought mushroom.

Field mushroom

Flesh firm, white, turns slightly pink when cut or stays unchanged. It does not turn yellow (yellowing is a sign of poisonous species). The taste is pleasant and richly mushroomy.

Smell

Pavement mushroom

Pleasant and mushroomy, like fresh store-bought button mushrooms. It does not smell of ink or medicine (that would point to the yellow stainer).

Field mushroom

Smell pronounced, anise-almond with mushroomy notes. This is one of the most aromatic wild mushrooms. With cooking the aroma intensifies and can dominate the dish.

📍 Habitats

Pavement mushroom

Deciduous forest

Field mushroom

MeadowField

👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!

❓ Frequently asked questions

Can Pavement mushroom and Field mushroom be mixed up?
Yes, they look so similar that people often mix them up. The use, cap shape, cap surface help tell them apart.
How to tell Pavement mushroom from Field mushroom?
The main differences: use: Pavement mushroom — cook fresh, pickling, Field mushroom — culinary, cook fresh, freezing; cap shape: Pavement mushroom — convex, Field mushroom — convex, flat; cap surface: Pavement mushroom — smooth, Field mushroom — dry, smooth. The full table of characteristics is higher up on this page.
Is Field mushroom edible?
Field mushroom — edible.
When do Pavement mushroom and Field mushroom grow?
Pavement mushroom — May–November; Field mushroom — May–October.

Sources

  • [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
  • [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
  • [3]MycoBank Database
  • [4]Index Fungorum
  • [5]GBIF
  • [6]iNaturalist Ukraine