How to tell Field mushroom from Ivory funnel
How they differ, how to recognize them and which is more dangerous — a mushroom comparison
Warning: Ivory funnel(Clitocybe dealbata)
POISONOUS
Eating it causes poisoning. Do not pick it unless you have identified it with certainty.
Toxin: muscarine in high concentration. Symptoms begin 15-60 minutes after eating (fast). Classic muscarinic syndrome (PSL): profuse salivation (by the liter), sweating that soaks through clothing, tearing, runny nose, constricted pupils (miosis), bronchospasm with a feeling of suffocation, bradycardia down to 30-40 bpm, low blood pressure, intestinal cramps, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting. In severe cases — collapse, pulmonary edema, risk of cardiac arrest. The antidote is atropine (in hospital, under ECG monitoring). If you suspect poisoning — call 112 or your local emergency number immediately. Keep the mushroom remains and vomit. The prognosis is good with prompt treatment (1-2 hours); without help it is potentially dangerous.
If you suspect poisoning, call an ambulance immediately: 112 (the European emergency number) or your local emergency number
The short answer
Field mushroom and Ivory funnel look alike, so they're easy to mix up — but Field mushroom is edible, while Ivory funnel is poisonous. The main visible difference: season: Field mushroom — spring, summer, autumn, Ivory funnel — summer, autumn. The mushrooms also differ in the following features: use, size, cap shape. If you have even the slightest doubt, leave the mushroom be.

Ivory funnel
Clitocybe dealbata

Field mushroom
Agaricus campestris
📊 Comparing characteristics
⚠ Highlighted rows are the key differences between the edible and the dangerous mushroom
| Characteristic | Ivory funnel | Field mushroom |
|---|---|---|
| ⚠ Edibility class | Ivory funnel Poisonous | Field mushroom Edible |
| ⚠ Season | Ivory funnel SummerAutumn | Field mushroom SpringSummerAutumn |
| ⚠ Use | Ivory funnel Not eaten | Field mushroom CulinaryCook freshFreezing |
| ⚠ Size | Ivory funnel Small (up to 5 cm) | Field mushroom Medium (5–15 cm) |
| Cap color | Ivory funnel WhiteCream | Field mushroom WhiteCream |
| ⚠ Cap shape | Ivory funnel Funnel-shaped | Field mushroom ConvexFlat |
| ⚠ Cap surface | Ivory funnel Smooth | Field mushroom DrySmooth |
| ⚠ Taste | Ivory funnel Mild | Field mushroom Mild |
| ⚠ Smell | Ivory funnel Floury | Field mushroom Pleasant, mushroomyAnise |
| ⚠ Flesh color change | Ivory funnel No change | Field mushroom Reddening |
| Hymenophore | Ivory funnel Gilled | Field mushroom Gilled |
| ⚠ Stem | Ivory funnel Central | Field mushroom CentralSolid |
| ⚠ Ring (veil) | Ivory funnel No ring | Field mushroom Ring present |
| Volva | Ivory funnel No volva | Field mushroom No volva |
| Substrate | Ivory funnel Soil | Field mushroom Soil |
| Nutrition type | Ivory funnel Saprotroph | Field mushroom Saprotroph |
📅 Seasonality
Ivory funnel
Fruiting season
August – November
Field mushroom
Fruiting season
May – October
🔬 Morphology
Cap
Ivory funnel
Cap 2-5 cm across, convex when young, becoming funnel-shaped over time, with a depressed center and a thin wavy margin. Color whitish, cream, with pale gray or ochre patches; silky-sheened in wet weather, chalky white when dry. Surface smooth, with barely visible radial streaks.
Field mushroom
Cap 5–15 cm across, spherical in young mushrooms, then flat or slightly umbonate. The surface is white or slightly creamy and cracks in dry weather. Fibrous scales may appear as it matures. The margin is inrolled at first, then straight.
Hymenophore
Ivory funnel
Gilled hymenophore. Gills crowded, thin, decurrent down the stem (a hallmark of the genus Clitocybe). Color whitish to cream. Spore print white.
Field mushroom
Gills free (not reaching the stem), crowded, delicate pink at first, then bright pink, and chocolate-brown or blackish in mature mushrooms. The pink color of the gills is a key safety feature that distinguishes the field mushroom from poisonous species with white gills.
Stem
Ivory funnel
Stem 2-4 cm tall, 0.3-0.8 cm thick, slender, cylindrical, often curved. Color whitish to cream, with white mycelial fuzz at the base. Surface smooth, no ring. Stem flesh firm.
Field mushroom
Stem 4–8 cm tall, 1–2 cm thick, cylindrical, solid, straight. White in color. A characteristic firm membranous ring in the middle of the stem. No volva.
Flesh
Ivory funnel
Flesh thin, white, watery, brittle. Does not change color when cut. It has a faint, pleasant smell (slightly sweet, or mealy according to some guides) and a mild taste — and that is what makes this species so treacherous: it smells and tastes "right", nothing sets off alarm bells.
Field mushroom
Flesh firm, white, turns slightly pink when cut or stays unchanged. It does not turn yellow (yellowing is a sign of poisonous species). The taste is pleasant and richly mushroomy.
Smell
Ivory funnel
Faint and indistinct, slightly sweet; some guides describe it as mealy. This adds to the danger: the smell raises no suspicion. Never rely on smell when identifying mushrooms of this size.
Field mushroom
Smell pronounced, anise-almond with mushroomy notes. This is one of the most aromatic wild mushrooms. With cooking the aroma intensifies and can dominate the dish.
📍 Habitats
Ivory funnel
Field mushroom
👀 Similar mushrooms — don't mix them up!
Fairy ring champignon
EdibleSt George's mushroom
EdibleFool's funnel
PoisonousField mushroom
EdibleFrosty funnel
PoisonousSnowy waxcap
EdibleAniseed funnel
EdibleTrooping funnel
EdibleClouded funnel
Conditionally edibleThe miller
EdibleDeath cap
Deadly poisonousYellow stainer
PoisonousHorse mushroom
EdibleButton mushroom
EdibleDeadly fibrecap
Deadly poisonousShield pinkgill
Conditionally edibleIvory funnel
PoisonousDeadly dapperling
Deadly poisonousLepiota helveola
Deadly poisonousWhite dapperling
UnknownDestroying angel
Deadly poisonousAgaricus subperonatus
EdibleAgaricus squamuliferus
EdibleBlushing wood mushroom
EdibleAgaricus comtulus
EdibleAgaricus tabularis
EdiblePavement mushroom
Edible❓ Frequently asked questions
Can Field mushroom and Ivory funnel be mixed up?
How to tell Field mushroom from Ivory funnel?
Which is more dangerous — Field mushroom or Ivory funnel?
Is Ivory funnel edible?
When do Field mushroom and Ivory funnel grow?
Sources
- [1]Вікіпедія (українська)
- [2]Атлас грибів України, Зеров Д.К. (1979)
- [3]MycoBank Database
- [4]Index Fungorum
- [5]GBIF
- [6]iNaturalist Ukraine