How to tell False death cap from Death cap

The death cap's cap is 5–15 cm across. In young mushrooms it is hemispherical, later becoming flat and spread out.

The color varies from olive green and yellowish green to grayish and almost white — which is what makes identification tricky. The surface is smooth, slightly slimy in wet weather, with a characteristic radial pattern of darker fibers spreading from the center. The cap margin is even, without striations.

Cap 5-10 cm across, hemispherical in young mushrooms, becoming convex-flat with age. Color pale yellow, lemon-citrine, creamy yellow, slightly darker in the center. Surface smooth, slightly slimy in wet weather. The cap often carries large whitish or grayish membranous patches — remnants of the universal veil (volva) that stuck to it as it grew. The cap margin is smooth.

The hymenophore is lamellate. The gills are crowded, thin and free — not attached to the stem. In both young and mature mushrooms they stay pure white — this is a critical diagnostic feature.

Not a hint of pink, cream or ochre, as in true Agaricus mushrooms. The gap between the gills and the stem is clearly defined. The veil is white and membranous, completely covering the hymenophore in young specimens.

Gilled hymenophore — gills white, free (not attached to the stem), moderately crowded. Spore print white.

The stem is slender, 7–15 cm tall and 1–2 cm thick. Cylindrical, widening at the base into a characteristic club-shaped bulb wrapped in a membranous sack-like volva — the main diagnostic feature.

The color is whitish green, often with a snakeskin pattern of faint bands. In the upper third there's a well-developed, hanging white ring with remnants of the veil. The surface below the ring is faintly scaly.

Stem 6-10 cm tall, 1-1.5 cm thick, cylindrical, with a pronounced bulbous base (like an onion bulb). Color white to yellowish. In the upper part — a white membranous ring. At the base — a volva forming a rim on the bulb (not a sac, as in the destroying angel).

The flesh is white and doesn't change color when cut — and that's the treacherous part: none of the safety signs foragers are used to relying on work here. The flesh is thin and brittle in the cap, fleshy at the base of the stem.

It doesn't change color on contact with air, neither after a minute nor after an hour. No "lovely white flesh" should reassure you — it's precisely in the white flesh of the death cap that the concentration of amanitins is highest.

Flesh white to pale yellow. When cut, it does not change color. Smell distinct, with a note of raw potato or radish — a diagnostic feature of the species.

The smell of a fresh mushroom is faint and hard to notice; in young specimens it's almost absent. Mature ones develop a slight sickly-sweet note, like wilted honey or stale dough.

This aroma isn't distinct enough to warn an inexperienced forager. Like other poisonous amanitas (the fly agaric, the panther cap), the death cap has only a faint, indistinct smell that gives no warning — yet another treacherous trait. A stronger odor appears only in rotting specimens.

A distinct potato-and-radish smell, with notes of raw potato, radish or a damp cellar. It comes out when you rub the flesh between your fingers. The most important diagnostic feature of the species.